Geopolymer concrets main purpose of alternate the OPC concrete is reduction of emission of CO2

1. By
Sayyed Quamar Ali
A.I. Abdul Razzak Kalsekar
Polytechnic
Panvel

2. Introduction
Process
Properties
Advantages
Applications
Hurdles
Conclusion

3. Geopolymer concrete is an alternative of ordinary cement concrete.
It is prepared by the geopolymer cement.
Geopolymer cement is the different binder other than ordinary cement.

4. Alkaline solution induce silica & aluminum atoms to dissolve the fly ash.
Gel formation started by applying heat.
Gel binds the concrete contents to form the geopolymer concrete.

5. High compressive strength.
High tensile strength.
Rapid strength gain.
Low shrinkage.
Sets on room temperature.
Chemical resistance.
Higher resistance to heat.

6. Compressive strength:
The compressive strength of geopolymer is 1.5 times more than that of
ordinary portland cement concrete.
Workability of geopolymer concrete is better in comparison to ordinary
concrete.
The compressive strength of geopolymer concrete increases as increment in
% of fly ash.

8. Reduces CO2 emission.
Utilization of byproducts.(Fly ash)
Durable.
Economically sustainable.
Fire proof.
Low permeability.
Chemical resistance.
 High tensile and compression strength.

9. Precast concrete products like railway sleepers, Parking tiles, geopolymer
concrete blocks, etc
In marine structures due to chemical attacks.
Where the fire resistance material is required.
In road construction.

11. Source of materials:
Requires different source materials. Like
(Fly ash, Alumina and silica, Alkaline solution, Aggregates.)
Difficult to create:
Requires use of chemicals, such as sodium hydroxide,
that can be harmful.
Pre mix only:
Sold only as pre mix/ pre cast material due to mixing is
dangerous.

12.  The reduced CO2 emissions of Geopolymer cements make them a good
alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement.
 Produces a substance that is comparable to or better than
traditional cements with respect to most properties.
 Geopolymer concrete has excellent properties within both acid and
salt environments.

13. Mehta, P. K. 2002 “Greening of the Concrete Industry for Sustainable Development”, ACI Concrete
International, 24(7):pp.23-28
Cembureau “Cement in Cembureau Countries Statistics 2005- 2007” available at
http://www.cembureau.be/Documents/KeyFacts/STATISTICS/Cement%20in%20CEMB%20coun tries.pdf
Mehta, P. K. 2001 “Reducing the Environmental Impact of Concrete”, ACI Concrete International 23(10):pp.
61-66
Portland Cement Association 2006 “World Cement Consumption Growth Expected to Continue” in Portland
Cement Association Executive Report, available at http://www.cement.org/exec/10-23-06.htm .
Davidovits, J. 1991 “Geopolymers: inorganic geopolymeric new materials” Journal of Thermal Analysis, 37, pp.
1633-1656.
Rangan,B.V. 2008 “Low-Calcium Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete” Chapter 26, Concrete Construction
Engineering Handbook, Second Edition, Editor-in-Chief: E.G. Nawy, CRC Press, New York, pp. 26.1-26.20;
also available as Research Report GC4, Curtin University of Technology at
http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au/R?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20465&local_base=gen01-era02
Sumajouw, M. D. J. and Rangan, B.V. 2006 “Low-Calcium Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Reinforced
Beams and Columns” Research Report GC3, Faculty of Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, available
at http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19466&local_base=GEN01
Ash Development Association of Australia, “Total ash production and beneficial usage” available at
http://www.adaa.asn.au/statistics.htm

14.  Sofi, M., van Deventer, J. S. J., Mendis, P. A. and Lukey, G. C. 2007 “Bond performance of Reinforcing
Bars in Inorganic Polymer Concrete (IPC)”, Journal of Materials Science, 42(9), pp. 3107-3116.

 Sarker, P. K., Grigg, A. and Chang, E.H. 2007 “Bond Strength of Geopolymer Concrete with
Reinforcing Steel” in: Zingoni, A. (ed) Proceedings of Recent Development in Structural Engineering,
Mechanics and Computation, The Netherlands, pp. 1315-1320
 Hardjito, D. and Rangan, B. V. 2005 “Development and Properties of Low Calcium Fly Ash Based
Geopolymer Concrete”, Research Report GC1, Faculty of Engineering, Curtin University of
Technology, available at http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au/R?func=dbin-jump-
full&object_id=19327&local_base=gen01-era02

 Gourley, J.T. and Johnson, G.B. 2005 “Developments in Geopolymer Precast Concrete”, Proceedings
of the International Workshop on Geopolymers and Geopolymer Concrete, Perth, Australia.
 Siddiqui KS 2007, Strength and durability of low –calcium fly-ash based geopolymer concrete, Final
year Honours dissertation, The University of Western Australia, Perth.
 Cheema, D.S., Lloyd, N.A., Rangan, B.V. 2009 “Durability of Geopolymer Concrete Box Culverts-A
Green Alternative”, Proceedings of the 34th Conference on Our World in Concrete and Structures,
Singapore.
 Wallah, S. E. and Rangan, B.V. 2006 “Low Calcium Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete: Long Term
Properties.” Research Report GC2, Faculty of Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, available
at http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19464&local_base=GEN01