2. Introduction to PPE
03/12/2018
Employees must be protected from harm.
Common methods for doing this are
Engineering Controls, Work Practices,
Administrative Controls and, Personal
Protective Equipment (PPE). Sometimes
one or more of the above is used and at
times all are used to provide adequate
protection. When only PPE is used, the
PPE is the only thing protecting the
employee from the danger. This unit
discusses basic types of PPE and the
employer requirements.
3. What is personal protective
equipment?
Personal protective equipment, or PPE, is
designed to protect employees from serious
workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact
with chemical, radiological, physical, electrical,
mechanical, or other workplace hazards. Besides face
shields, safety glasses, hard hats, and safety shoes,
PPE includes a
variety of devices and garments such as goggles,
coveralls, gloves, vests, earplugs, and respirators.
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5. Hazard Assessment
The employer shall verify that the required workplace hazard
assessment has been performed through a written certification
that identifies:
The workplace evaluated;
The person certifying that the evaluation has been performed;
The date(s) of the hazard assessment; and,
Which identifies the document as a certification of hazard
assessment
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6. Employer’s Responsibilities
If such hazards are present, you must select PPE and require employees to use
it, communicate your PPE selection decisions to your employees, and select
PPE that properly fits your workers. You must also train employees who are
required to wear PPE on how do the following:
Use PPE properly,
Be aware of when PPE is necessary,
Know what kind of PPE is necessary,
Understand the limitations of PPE in
protecting employees from injury,
Don, adjust, wear, and care for PPE, and
Maintain PPE properly.
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7. Employee’s Responsibilities
Inspect
Maintain
Report Defects
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Employees should look at their equipment on a daily basis to
make sure it is good working order. This is the responsibility of
each employee.
PPE, especially eye wear and face masks, should be cleaned
daily by the person who wears it.
The employee must reports any problems with PPE, as well as
other protective equipment, as soon as it is detected.
8. Workers must demonstrate an understanding of the
training and the ability to use PPE properly, before being
allowed to perform work requiring the use of PPE:
Verify that each employee has received and understood the
required training through a written certification that contains:
The name of each employee trained,
The date(s) of training, and that
Identifies the subject of the certification
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9. General requirements
Employers shall select and require employees to use
appropriate hand protection when employees' hands are
exposed to hazards such as those from:
Skin absorption of harmful substances;
Severe cuts or lacerations;
Severe abrasions;
Punctures;
Chemical burns;
Thermal burns; and
Harmful temperature extremes
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11. Introduction to PPE
Head Protection
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Webbing: 1 inch
clearance
Early Hard Hats were made
of metal
12. General requirements
(1)Ensure that each employee wears a
protective helmet when working in
areas where there is a potential for
injury to the head from falling objects
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13. Classes and types of Hard hats
Type I hard hats - intended to
reduce the force of impact
resulting from a blow to the top of
the head
Type II hard hats - designed to
provide protection against both
side impact (lateral) and blows to
the top of the head
Classes
G (old A)
General
2,200 volts
E (old B)
Electrical
20,000 volts
C (same)
Conductive
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17. PPE 1910.95
Protection against the effects of noise exposure shall be provided when
the sound levels exceed those shown in Table G-16.
Hearing Protection: Reusable and Disposable
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Ear Muffs
Reusable Ear Plugs
Ear Protection and
Communication
18. Table G-16
Exposure Hours per Day Sound Level in dBA
8 90
6 92
4 95
3 97
2 100
1 1/2 102
1 105
1/2 110
¼ or less 115
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19. General requirements
Ensure that each affected employee uses
protective footwear when working
in areas where there is:
A danger of foot injuries due to falling or
rolling objects, or
Objects piercing the sole, and
Where such employee's feet are exposed
to electrical hazards
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23. Safety Harness
Limits a fall to only a feet
Must be supplied by employer
Employee MUST be trained on how to use
Requires a written program
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25. Respiratory Protection
Filter Respirators
Air-Purifying-particles and gases
Particulate-dusts and mists
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Atmosphere-Supplying-Respirators
Supplied Air
Self Contained
26. Respiratory protection program
Where respirators are required you need:
Written program
Worksite-specific procedures
Required elements:
Training
Fit testing
Medical evaluations
Care and maintenance
Procedures for respirator selection
Procedures for routine & emergency use
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27. Where respirator use is not required:
(i)If voluntary respirator use is permissible, provide the
respirator users with the information contained in Appendix D
and,
(ii)Establish and implement those elements of a written
respiratory protection program* necessary to ensure that any
employee using a respirator voluntarily is medically able to use
that respirator
(ii)That the respirator is cleaned, stored, and maintained so
that its use does not present a health hazard to the user
03/12/2018*Written program not required for voluntary use of dust masks
29. SCBA
Self Contained Breathing Apparatus
Used in Low Oxygen Environments like Confined
Spaces as defined by OSHA
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30. Part Two-Hand Tools
Defective Tools
Wrong Tool for the Job
Improperly Maintained Tool
Tool in the Wrong Place
Incorrect Body Positioning
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44. General Safety Precautions
Keep all tools in good condition
with regular maintenance
Use the right tool for the right job
Inspect each tool for damage
before use
Operate according to the
manufacturer’s instructions
Provide and use proper personal
protective equipment
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45. General Safety Precautions
Responsibility of the employer
PPE provision and monitoring
Safe work procedures
Safe condition of tools including
personal tools
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46. Hand Tools
Non powered
Largest hazard
Misuse
Improper maintenance
Safe use
Direction of knives and blades
Sharp knives and blades
Safe working surfaces
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47. Power Tools
Classification by power source
Electric
Pneumatic
Liquid Fuel
Hydraulic
Powder Actuated
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48. Power Tools (cont.)
1926.304(d)
Upper blade guard
Lower blade guard
Automatically returns to
starting position
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49. Power Tools (cont.)
1926.300(d)(2)
Equipped with a momentary
contact “on-off” control and may
have a lock-on control provided.
However, that turnoff must be
accomplished by a single motion
of the same finger or fingers that
turn it on.
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50. Power Tools (cont.)
Momentary Contact “on/off” switch
Drills
Tappers
Fasteners
Drivers
Grinders – Greater than 2” in dia.
Disc and Belt Sanders
Reciprocating Saws
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51. Power Tools (cont.)
Positive “on/off” controls
Disc Sanders – w/ discs 2” in dia. Or less
Routers
Trimmers
Shears
Jig Saws – w/ blade ¼” wide or less
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53. Power Tools (cont.)
Never carry tools by cords
Never pull cords to disconnect
Disconnect tools when not in use
or during maintenance
Secure work with vice or clamp
Allows two hands for working
Follow users manual instructions
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54. Power Tools (cont.)
Proper apparel
NO loose clothing, hair, or jewelry
Tag all damaged tools “Out of Service” or discard them
Keep blades and knives sharpened
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60. Powder Actuated Tools
1926.302(e)
Meet ANSI A10.3 – 1970
PPE
Eye Protection
Head and face depending on conditions
Proper training required
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61. Powder Actuated Tools (cont.)
1926.302(e)
Fasteners used in tool
specifically designed for
that tool
Designed for the
material that is being
driven into
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Concret
e
Concrete/wo
od
Wood
Specific size = Specific operation
62. Charges used in
powder actuated tools
Right size charge with right size fastener
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63. Powder Actuated Tools (cont.)
Tools must be inspected before use
Defective tools taken out of service immediately
Tools not loaded until just before intended firing
Loaded or empty tools are never to be pointed at anyone
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64. Powder Actuated Tools (cont.)
1926.302(e)(7) Fasteners not driven into:
Very hard or brittle materials
Cast iron
Glazed tile
Surface-hardened steel
Glass block
Live rock
Face brick
Hollow tile
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65. Powder Actuated Tools (cont)
Inspection:
Make sure it’s clean
All parts must operate freely
The barrel is free from obstructions
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66. Powder Actuated Tools (cont)
Firing
Keep hands clear of the barrel
5 pounds of force against working material
Misfires
Wait 30 seconds
Try firing again
Wait another 30 sec.
Remove the cartridge
Place in water
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67. Powder Actuated Tools (cont)
Defects
Tag “do not operate”
Remove from service
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68. “FATAL FACT”
Employee killed when struck in head by a nail fired from a powder
actuated tool. Tool operator was attempting to anchor a plywood form
in preparation for pouring a concrete wall.
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69. “FATAL FACT”
Employees performing remodeling operations building a wall.
Operator was attempting to anchor plywood to a 2”x 4” stud. The
nail penetrated the stud and struck the victim. One worker killed
when struck by a nail from a powder-actuated tool.
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