This ppt describes briefly about DLP, its evolution and working. It also includes the Pros & Cons of this technology. You can also find an youtube video regarding the working of digital light processing. link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nb8mM3uEIc

1. DIGITAL LIGHT PROCESSING AND IT’S FUTURE
APPLICATION

2. OUTLINE:
 Introduction
 History of Evolution
 Basic components of DLP
 How DLP works?
 Pixel structure of Digital Micro-mirror Device (DMD)cell
 Advantages & Disadvantages
 Applications
 Conclusion
 Future roadmap
 References

3. Introduction:
Digital Light Processing (DLP) is a display technology developed
by Texas Instruments.
It is based on an optical semiconductor, called a Digital Micro-
mirror Device (DMD), which uses mirrors made of aluminium to
reflect light to make the picture.
DMD can be combined with image processing, memory , a light
source and optics to form a DLP system capable of projecting images
with better colour fidelity and consistency than current technology.
It provides all-digital projection displays that offer superior picture
quality in terms of resolution, brightness, contrast.

4. History of innovation:
DMD was invented in 1987 by Dr. Larry Hornbeck of
Texas Instruments.
In 1993, it named the new technology DLP and formed a
separate group to develop commercial display
applications .
 In 1994, TI demonstrated DLP projectors for the first time.
Since 2000, several DLP technology based products such as
projectors, HDTV’s, “Instant theatre”, etc were introduced .

5. Why DLP?
• The traditional CRT projectors have RGB tubes which makes the
entire cabinet bulky.
• The LCD projectors use LCD light gates for projecting, which
introduces pixelation effect.
• In order to overcome all the drawbacks of previous techniques, DLP
was developed.

6. Components required for DLP:
Light source
Colour wheel
DMD
Memory
Projection lens & screen

7. How DLP works?
It digitally manipulates light to produce film-like, all-digital images.
DLP integrates a projection lamp and an electronic video signal from a
source and the processed light produces an all-digital picture.

8. DLP projector internal structure:
DLP accepts analog or digital signals, which is
converted into an entire picture frame video signal
through processing.

9. Isometric schematic of DMD cell:
DMD comprises of over one million mirrors, where each mirror
represents a pixel.
These mirrors reflects light in either of two directions depending on the
state of underlying memory cell.

10. Pixel structure of DMD cell:
The mirror is rigidly connected to an underlying yoke, which
is in turn connected to the hinges to support posts that attaches
the substrate.
This DMD mirror is electronically driven.

11. Chip models of DLP:
Single chip model Three chip model
One chip DLP systems use a projection lamp to
pass white light through a colour wheel that
sends red-green-blue colours to the DMD chip
in a sequential order to create an image on-
screen.
In three chip DLP systems use a projection
lamp to send white light through a prism,
which creates separate red, green and blue
light beams. Each beam is send to their
respective red, green and blue DMD chip to
process the image for display on-screen.

12. Advantages:
Brighter
-Because it brings more light from lamp to screen.
Sharper
-As it can produce the closest mirror image of an incoming video of
any resolution .
Versatile
-DLP projectors are small and light weight.
Reliable
-it is capable of recreating the source material .

13. Disadvantages:
 The only real disadvantage of DLP projectors is "rainbow effect."
•The Rainbow Effect often referred to as RBE, is a affect
that has some people seeing flashes of red, green and blue.
This is caused by the eye/brain dealing with the effects of
projectors using high speed, spinning colour filter wheels.
•Since a colour wheel is needed for this to occur, the only
types of projectors affected are DLP projectors, since they
are single chip devices, and require a colour wheel to add
colour.

14. LCD Vs DLP Projector:
DLP Vs LCD
LCD DLP
LCD projector tends
to produce more
saturated colors and
sharper images.
LCD Projectors
operate by shining light
through transparent
LCD cells.
DLP Projectors
typically offer deeper
blacks and higher
contrast.
DLP projectors
operate by reflecting
light through mirrors
placed in the form of a
matrix over a DMD
device.

15. Applications:
DLP Televisions
Digital Light Processing
Television is a technology that
uses one, or sometimes three,
electronic chips called Digital
Micro-mirror Devices, or DMDs,
to produce a vivid picture with a
high contrast ratio on a high-
definition large-screen TV.

16. Conclusion:
As compact disc revolutionized the audio industry, DLP will
revolutionize the video projection.
Based on the reflected light produced by multiple mirrors, DLP
creates a final link to display visual information.

17. Future Roadmap:
DLP projectors are becoming more common in business
environments as it incorporates high-definition image creation.
Scientist and developers are likely to discover even more uses for
DMDs and DLP technology in the future.

18. References:
Digital light processing and its future applications, International
Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 4,
April 2013 1 ISSN 2250-3153.
Digital Light Processing™: A New MEMS-Based Display
Technology Larry J. Hornbeck Texas Instruments
P. Van Kessel, L. Hombeck, R. Meier and M. Douglass, “A MEMS-
Based Projection Display,” Proc. IEEE, Vol. 86, No. 8, pp. 1687-1704,
August, 1998 .
Rainbow effect,http://www.projectorreviews.com/articles-
guides/rainbow-effect-2/#sthash.DEBP38Ek.dpuf