37. 1. Human nature is naturally selfish. 2. Intellectualism and literacy is discouraged. 3. Law is the supreme authority and replaces morality. 4. The ruler must rule with a strong, punishing hand . 5. War is the means of strengthening a ruler’s power. Major Legalist Principles
38. One who favors the principle that individuals should obey a powerful authority rather than exercise individual freedom. The ruler , therefore, “cracks his whip” on the backs of his subjects! Authoritarian
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41. 1. Tao [Dao] is the first-cause of the universe. It is a force that flows through all life. [Think of “The Force” from Star Wars – Controversy over the Mystical] 2. A believer’s goal is to become one with Tao ; one with nature. 3. Wu wei --> “Let nature take its course.” --> “The art of doing nothing.” --> “Go with the flow!” 4. Man is unhappy because he lives acc. to man-made laws, customs, & traditions that are contrary to the ways of nature. Major Taoist Principles
42. 1. Reject formal knowledge and learning. 2. Rely on the senses and instincts. 3. Discover the nature and “rhythm” of the universe. 4. Ignore political and social laws. The “Tao" [Dao] To escape the “social, political, & cultural traps” of life, one must:
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48. The gravity defying Hanging Monastery was built on extremely sheer cliffs above Jinlong Canyon 1400 years ago.
49. Bridges and corridors connect the pavilions and caves in which dozens of bronze, iron, stone and clay statues are enshrined.
51. In the Three Religions Hall, Buddha, Confucius and Lao-tsu are all enshrined together. This is because in present day the three faiths co-exist in the temple.
52. Three Chinese Philosophies How is a man to live in a world dominated by chaos, suffering, and absurdity?? Confucianism --> Moral order in society. Legalism --> Rule by harsh law & order. Taoism --> Freedom for individuals and less govt. to avoid uniformity and conformity.
