Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) occur when muscles, tendons, nerves or joints are stressed and overused on a repeated basis over a long period of time. This leads to damage of the body tissues. WRMSDs can cause pain, fatigue, stiffness, reduced range of motion, loss of strength, and tingling or numbness. Certain jobs and tasks that involve repetitive movements, forceful exertions, awkward postures, vibration, and static muscular work put workers at greater risk. Examples of common WRMSDs include back strains, rotator cuff injuries, and tenosynovitis. Implementing ergonomic improvements and training can help prevent WRMSDs.

1. Work Related
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Prepared By: MPT -1
Payal Vashi

2. `
When a Muscle, Tendon, Nerve or Joint is stressed and
overuse on a repeated basis for days, months or years,
those body tissues eventually become damaged, this leads
to a work related musculoskeletal disorder.
• Repetitive strain
injuries.
• Overuse injuries.

3. Warning sign of
WRMSD
Comp
ressio
n
Inflam
mation
Mini
injury
Repetition
Warning Signs
Pain
Fatigue
Stiffness, reduced range of motion
loss of strength
Tingling or numbness in hands
Visual/ Hearing impairment, watery eyes
Discomfort

4. Force
Repetition
Static
Muscular
work
Organizational
factor

5. Awkward posture Repetition
Back strains and
sprains
Lumber disc herniation
Tenosynovitis

6. Static Muscular workForce
Rotator cuff syndrome

7. Exposure to certain
physical aggressor
Organizational factor
Raynaud’s Syndrome

8. tractor-
driving
farmers
, 40%
non
tractor-
driving
farmers
, 18%
Low back pain in Farmer
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
low back shoulder neck knee
WRMSD in nurse
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
neck shoulder wrist low back
WRMSD in gold smith
neck ,
75.74%
wrist
73.13%
LBP,
72.01%
shoulder,
69.40%
hip ,
29.85%
upper
back,
18.65%
WRMSD in dentist

9. Precautions for WRMSD
Ergonomics
improvement
Training

10. Training

11. Ergonomics improvement

12. Precaution for noise
Precaution for
Vibration

13. References
• Putz Anderson,V (1988) NIOSH, Cumulative Trauma disorder; A Manual For
Musculoskeletol disease of upper limb,Philadelphia,Toylor & Francis P.12,13,16.
• Grandjean ,E (1982). Fitting the task to the Man: An Ergonomics Approach ,London, Toylor
and Francis. P 7.
• Jan Dul.Bernard Weerdmeester Ergonomics For Beginners. (3rd edition).
• Ghosh T, Das B, Gangopadhyay S.(2010)Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorder: An
Occupational Disorder of the Goldsmiths in India. Indian J Community Med. ;35(2):321-5.
10.4103/0970-0218.66890.
• Kumar VK, Kumar SP, Baliga MR(2013) Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal
complaints among dentists in India: a national cross-sectional survey. Indian J Dent
Res.24(4):428-38.10.4103/0970-9290.118387.
• Kumar et al,(1999)Effect of Whole-Body Vibration on the Low Back: A Study of Tractor-
Driving Farmers in North India. Spine. Volume 24 - Issue 23 p.2419-2564.
• Anap DB et al. (2013) Work related musculoskeletal disorders among hospital nurses in rural
Maharashtra, India: a multi center survey . Int J Res Med Sci. 1(2):101-107 .