国連ハビタットプログラムは、アフリカの市長の提案で、犯罪のない都市の安全都市でプログラムを開始しました。最近のスマート技術を反映し、より安全な City2.0 による20年間の安全都市計画は、スマートより安全な都市に発展しようとしています。本発表では、私は韓国の忠州市の空間ビッグデータ分析のケーススタディを通じて、現在のより安全な都市プログラム及び本出願の方法論でスマートな情報技術を反映した戦略を提案します。 Citylab、スマート安全都市の知識共有プラットフォームは、オープンソース利用により技術導入への障壁を下げることができるようになります。

1. DATEㅣ2017.10. 15
Junyoung Choi, Ph.D. in urban planning & GIS
Spatial Big Data Team at MOLIT
Spatial Information Office, LH
Charter Member, OSGeo
Spatial Big Data Strategy for
UN Habitat Smart Safer City
Presention is about my personal opinion and is
not related to UN Habitat’s official direction

2. October 5, 2015, Open Source GIS for Rapid Urban Growth and Land Management, UN-GGIM-AP,
UN-ESCAP, UN-HABITAT/GLTN Joint Workshop on Land Administration and Management, Jeju,
South Korea.
September 16, 2015, FOSS4G for Rapidly Urbanizing Cities and UN Sustainable Development
Goals(SDGs); SDG 11 Cities and Human Settlement, LH-OSGeo Joint Conference on the Open Source for
UN and Developing Countries, FOSS4G Seoul 2015, Seoul, South Korea.
August 24, 2106, Achieving Urban SDG and New Urban Agenda using the Open Geospatial Data of the
International Organizations, FOSS4G Bonn 2016, Bonn, Germany.
March, 2016, Supporting the measurement of the United Nations’ sustainable development goal 11
through the use of national urban information systems and open geospatial technologies: a case study of
south Korea, Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards 1(4).
October, 2016, What drives developing countries to select free open source software for national
spatial data infrastructure?, Spatial Information Research 24(5), pp 545–553.
My presentations on Global Urban Goals & FOSS4G*
*FOSS4G: Free Open Source Software for Geospatial
FOSS4G-ASIA 2017
January, 2017, FOSS4G for Global Urban Goals and K-Smart City, FOSS4G ASIA 2017, Hyderabad,
India.
September,2017, Spatial BigData Strategy forCityLab onSmart Safer City, UN HABITATUrbanThinkersCampusSeoul:HowSmart
TechnologyMakesCitiesSafer?, Seoul,Korea
November 15, 2017, Outstanding : One panel discussion and one presentation, “Security, Democracy
and Cities: Coproducing Urban Security Policies” organized by European Forum for Urban Safety(EFUS),
Barcelona, Spain.

3. 1 l UN HABITAT Safer City
2 l Spatial Big Data Strategy for Safer City
3 l Case study : Safe Route for Chungju City
Contents
4 l How Smart Technology Makes Cities Safer?

4. #1
UN Habitat Safer City

5. Manifestations of Urban Crime
• The fortification of cities through the “architecture
of fear” and the rapid expansion of surveillance a
nd walled cities are all testament to the shared h
eritage of urbanization and security.
• Crime is impacting more on the urban poor (who liv
e largely in unplanned settlements) – contrary to c
ommon perceptions.
Photo Credit: UN Habitat(2017)

6. Photo Credit: UN Habitat(2017)
UN support – The Safer Cities Programme
In 1996 UN-HABITAT established a ‘urban crime prevention programme’ t
o assist cities to develop crime prevention initiatives and thereby reduc
e incidence and impact of crime and violence in cities.
The Programme operates through:
– Direct support to cities that intend to formulate and implement crime
prevention strategies
– Support to networking and city-to-city collaboration
– Development and dissemination of tools
– Advocacy and policy development on crime prevention issues - gen
der, youth-at-risk, role of local government

7. Photo Credit: UN Habitat(2017)
Three pillars of prevention
SOCIAL PREVENTION
Youth and Women
Youth empowerment
Victim support
Recreational facilities to
occupy youth
Developing victim support
LAW ENFORCEMENT
AND CJS REFORM
Targeted visible police patrols
Conflict resolution
Neighborhood watch
By-law enforcement
Improve relationships and
accessibility
URBAN DESIGN
Supporting street layout
Improving street lighting
Designing streets, buildings, parks
etc. to reduce opportunities for
crime
Reorganize markets or terminals

8. Photo Credit: UN Habitat(2017)
Towards Human Settlement Vulnerability Reduction
Security of
Tenure
Targeting land and
housing
evictions and
associated
violent conflicts
Natural
Disasters
Targeting risk
reduction,
preparedness
and resilience
Crime, Violence
& Social
Cohesion
* Targeting urban
vulnerability
reduction
to crime and
violence
* Building on
social capital of
communities
* Focusing on
social
interventions

9. Photo Credit: UN Habitat(2017)
Safer Cities Process
Key Elements for Effective Implementation
A COALITION
• with leadership
• assembling all key partners
• sensitive to age, gender &
cultural differences
• supported by a secretariat
• engaging citizens
• a communication strategy
A security diagnosis
• challenges
• risk factors
• community resources
A strategy and action plan
• establish priorities
• identify model for practices
• target actions on risk factors
• balance short & long
term actions
Implementation
• training
• co-ordination of partners
• actions
Evaluation
& Feedback
• process evaluation
• impact evaluation
• tools development
Regional and (inter)
national networks fo
r exchange and repli
cation

10. Photo Credit: UN Habitat(2017)
Safer City 2.0

11. Photo Credit: UN Habitat(2017)
Overview of CityLab as Pilot Action Site
Knowledge
City Lab will connect cities to new and inspiring sources
of knowledge that can be adapted to the local contexts
to inform more effective policy responses as well as pra
ctice.
Learning
Providing learning opportunities for the urban practitio
ner - using existing context specific practices; action-lea
rning seminars; city to city learning through structured
exchange visits and other means.
Supporting
Innovation
Testing innovative approaches in cities in a range of are
as and validate their applicability.
Facilitating
Solutions
Provider of high quality technical expertise and facilitato
r of change within cities . Drawing on partner networks
and network cities– arranging and sequencing support a
nd processes to provide a sustainable solution.

12. Safer Cities in
Sutainable Dev. Goal(SDG)
Source: https://unhabitat.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/SDG-Goal%2011%20Monitoring%20Framework%2025-02-16.pdf
11.7.1 The average share of the built-up area of
cities that is open space in public use for all
disaggregated by age group, sex and persons with
disabilities
11.7.2 Proportion of women subjected to physical or
sexual harassment by perpetrator and place of
occurrence (last 12 months)
• Need to disaggregated indicators
• Defining urban and city
• Working with spatial indicators and data

13. Safer Cities in
New Urban Agenda(NUA)
100. Supporting the provision of
well-designed networks of safe,
accessible, green and quality streets
and other public spaces &
103. Integrating inclusive measures
for urban safety and the prevention
of crime and violence
Source: https://unhabitat.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/SDG-Goal%2011%20Monitoring%20Framework%2025-02-16.pdf
Supporting the monitoring of safe city in the
measuring the indicators of SDG and NUA
by international org. and central gov.

14. #2
Spatial Big Data Strategy for
Safer City

15. What is Spatial Big Data
ㆍRoad
ㆍParcel
ㆍZoning
ㆍDEM
ㆍ3 dimensional
ㆍFloating pop.
ㆍCredit card
ㆍDocuments
ㆍLand transaction
ㆍTraffic
•Road/Building/Stream/Parcel/Zoning…
•Flooded area, Susceptible coastal flood, Land slide…
•DEM, Aerial photo, R.S., 3 dimensional data…
Spatial data
(Vector/Raster)
•SNS, Blog, News…
•Floating pop./Credit card…
•Photos/Movies…
Big Data
(Private)
•Document issuance of land regulation etc.
•Land transaction/Rental housing contract…
•Traffic/Transportation…
•Geosensor, CCTV…
Big Data
(Public)
Clickstream/Query word
Joining
Geocodin
g
•
•
•
•
•
•
Geo-
parsing
Parcel
Administrative bnd.
POI
Over 80% of Big Data is also
geographically referenced! Source: Kim, D.J.(2014)”Geospatial Big Data for Gov. 3.0”

16. What is Spatial Big Data
Prompt/accurate/precise diagnosis 
Customized/effective prescription
Simul-
ation
Spatial
analytics
Visuali-
zation
Diagnosis Alternatives Implementation Evaluation
ㆍRoad
ㆍParcel
ㆍZoning
ㆍDEM
ㆍ3 dimensional
ㆍFloating pop.
ㆍCredit card
ㆍTraffic
ㆍDocuments
ㆍLand transaction
•
•
•
•
•
•
Environment
Physical & logical
Behavior
Planning
Opinion
Source: Kim, D.J.(2014)”Geospatial Big Data for Gov. 3.0”

17. Spatial Big Data Platform
…
[Population] [Permits] [Registries]
Big Data(MOSPA)
Private
[Credit card, Floating pop…]
[Road]
… [Building] [3D image]
…
NSDI Spatial Big Data(MOLIT)
Public
ㆍLand trans. / Document issuance
ㆍLand reg. / Rental contract
ㆍTraffic accident / Traffic volume
ㆍTravelling etc.
BD in public
ㆍFloating pop.
ㆍLand transaction
ㆍRental contract
ㆍDocuments
ㆍTraffic
ㆍCredit card
Hadoop Spatial Hadoop
ㆍSNS, Blog, Cafe...
ㆍVGI
BD in private
Parcel map
Administrative
POI
Joining
Geocoding
Geoparsing
& Geocoding
Fusion
Source: Kim, D.J.(2014)”Geospatial Big Data for Gov. 3.0”

18. Smart + Safer City
A COALITION
• Social Media
• Cloud Computing
• FOSS
(Free Open Source Software)
A security diagnosis
-Big Data
-Social Media
-Crowdsourcing
-Open Data
A strategy and action plan
- Big data
- GIS data
- Lidar, BIM(3D data)
Implementation
• Sensors
• CCTV
• IoT
• Drone, 3D printing
Evaluation
& Feedback
• Social Media
• Big Data
• Drone
Regional and (inter)
national networks
for exchange and
replication
1st step: Adopting smart technology to the Safer City
Photo Credit: JY. Choi(2016) Smart City Lounge, Jakarta, Indonesia

19. Smart + Safer City
2nd step: Identifying and collaborating with Stakeholders
Research
InstitutionLocal &
central gov.
Police
Office
NPO
IT
company
A COALITION
A security
diagnosis
A strategy and
action plan
Implementation
Evaluation
& Feedback
Regional &
international
Networks for
exchange &
replication

20. Citylab on Smart Safer City
Knowledge
When applying a smart safer city knowledge, it is needed
to consider the technological infrastructure and maturity
of society’s adoption of smart technology
Learning
Focus more on bridging digital divide and raise smart citi
zen who will be familiar with smart technology and lead
the smart technology based practices
Supporting
Innovation
Testing smart technologies inside Smart Safer City throug
h the living lab approach by participating citizens to appli
cation processes of Smart Safer City solutions
Facilitating
Solutions
Collaboration with open source and standardization orga
nizations to lower adoption and maintenance cost and al
leviate the technological barriers

21. Applying spatial big data to
the three pillars of safer city
Source: Safer Cities City Changer Toolkit(www.worldurbancampaign.org)
Time-series
analysis to
evaluate the
practice
Identifying
groups at risk
when analyzing
Spatial analysis
using big data

22. #3
Case Study: Safe Route for
Chungju City

23. Crime status in Chungju
from 2014 to 2016
Security
Diagnosis
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Implementation
Evaluation &
Feedback
# of crime

24. Security
Diagnosis
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Implementation
Evaluation &
Feedback
Crime status in Chungju
from 2014 to 2016
# of crime
In night
time
# of crime
in day
time

25. Security
Diagnosis
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Implementation
Evaluation &
Feedback
1631
368 352
27 44 3
요약
범죄발생 현황
폭력
청소년비행
절도
성폭력
변사자
강도
Violence
Violence
Juvenile delinquency
Sexual assault
Murder
Robbery
Robbery
Juvenile
delinquency
Theft
Sexual assault
Murder
Crime occurence
Crime status in Chungju
from 2014 to 2016
Theft

26. A Strategy &
Action Plan
Security
Diagnosis
Implementation
Evaluation &
Feedback
Night time crime occurrence
Facilities vulnerable to crime at night
Facilities related to enhance safety
Population by mobile phone
Crime risk index along the pedestrian network
Ranking
(Vulnerable)
Administrative
boundary
District Ration
1st 성내·충인동 15 구역 22.4%
12th 호암·직동 0 구역 0%
Crime Risk Index Framework

27. A Strategy &
Action Plan
Security
Diagnosis
Implementation
Evaluation &
Feedback
Crime Risk Index Framework
• Gaussian Kernel Density using
population of night time
• Gaussian Kernel Density using
crime occurrence of night time

28. A Strategy &
Action Plan
Security
Diagnosis
Implementation
Evaluation &
Feedback
Crime Risk Index Framework
Indoor parking
Vacant house
Entertainment venue
One-room

29. A Strategy &
Action Plan
Security
Diagnosis
Implementation
Evaluation &
Feedback
Crime Risk Index Framework
Bus stop
CCTV
Streetlight
Streetlight with CCTV

30. Implementation
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Security
Diagnosis
Evaluation &
Feedback
Safe Route Analysis

31. Implementation
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Security
Diagnosis
Evaluation &
Feedback
Safe Route Analysis

32. Comparison of index and crime
Evaluation &
Feedback
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Implementation
Security
Diagnosis

33. Comparison of index and CCTV
Evaluation &
Feedback
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Implementation
Security
Diagnosis

34. Comparison using Community mapping
Evaluation &
Feedback
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Implementation
Security
Diagnosis

35. Application of the index
Evaluation &
Feedback
A Strategy &
Action Plan
Implementation
Security
Diagnosis

36. #4
How Smart Technology Make
Cites Safer

37. Future directions
Relationship
with SDG
Achieving SDG through Smart Safer City program need to
have a close relationship with SDG goals. Therefore, Sma
rt Safer Citylab activities should support the achieving th
e goals.
Analysis
framework
To perform a spatial big data analysis, there have to be a
analysis framework which contains standardized indicato
rs and models
Identify vulne
rable class
Vulnerable classes such as woman, youth, elder have to
be considered when finding a result using mobile phone
data
Acquisition of
data
The most important thing is an acquisition of data. Befor
e applying this method, related data have to be collected
beforehand.

38. Future directions
Smart City Evaluation System (FOSS4G based)
Smart Safer City Award
Evaluation
Framework
City Prosperity Index
(CPI)
Smart City
Readiness Index
Data
base
Urban Open Data Portal
(urbandata.unhabitat.org)
Proposed cities’ database

39. Future directions
• World Urban Forum 9
- 7~13 February, 2018, Kuala Lumpur
- http://wuf9.org/
• European Forum for Urban Safety
- 15~17, November, 2017, Barcelona
- http://efusconference2017.eu/

40. Thank you
Spatial Big Data Center
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation(MOLIT)
Junyoung Choi (Ph.D in Urban Planning & GIS)
novacite@gmail.com, junyoung@lh.or.kr
Spatial Information Office
Korea Land and Housing corp.