Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
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Sanctity of Human Life
1.
2. The Sanctity of Human Life
⢠Abortion
⢠Contraception
⢠Euthanasia
⢠Right To Die
⢠Suicide
⢠Donation of
Organs
⢠Cremation
⢠Capital
Punishment
3.
4.
5. SANCTITY OF HUMAN LIFE
The phrase sanctity of life refers to the idea
that human life is sacred and holy, argued
mainly by the pro-life side in political and
moral debates over such controversial issues
as abortion, contraception, euthanasia,
embryonic stem-cell research, and the "right
to dieâ.
6. ABORTION
- is the termination of pregnancy by the removal or
expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo
prior to viability.
TYPES OF ABORTION
1.INDUCED
2.SPONTANEOUS
7. INDUCED
⢠An abortion is medically referred to as a therapeutic
abortion when it is performed to save the life of the pregnant
woman; prevent harm to the woman's physical or mental
health; terminate a pregnancy where indications are that the
child will have a significantly increased chance of premature
morbidity or mortality or be otherwise disabled; or to
selectively reduce the number of fetuses to lessen health
risks associated with multiple pregnancy.
⢠An abortion is referred to as an elective or voluntary
abortion when it is performed at the request of the woman
for non-medical reasons.
8. SPONTANEOUS
Spontaneous abortion, also known as miscarriage, is
the unintentional expulsion of an embryo or fetus
before the 24th week of gestation. A pregnancy that
ends before 37 weeks of gestation resulting in a live-
born infant is known as a "premature birth" or a
"preterm birth". When a fetus dies in uterus after
viability, or during delivery, it is usually termed
"stillborn". Premature births and stillbirths are
generally not considered to be miscarriages although
usage of these terms can sometimes overlap.
10. PERSONAL
> The reasons why women have abortions are diverse and
vary across the world. Some of the most common reasons are
to postpone childbearing to a more suitable time or to focus
energies and resources on existing children.
> Others include being unable to afford a child either in terms of the
direct costs of raising a child or the loss of income while she is caring
for the child, lack of support from the father, inability to afford
additional children, desire to provide schooling for existing children,
disruption of one's own education, relationship problems with their
partner, a perception of being too young to have a child,
unemployment, and not being willing to raise a child conceived as a
result of rape or incest, among others.
11. SOCIETAL
It include the preference for children of a
specific sex, disapproval of single or early
motherhood, stigmatization of people with
disabilities, insufficient economic support for
families, lack of access to or rejection of
contraceptive methods, or efforts
toward population control (such as
China's one-child policy).
12. MATERNAL AND FETAL
HEALTH
In the U.S. the Supreme Court decisions in Roe vs
Wade and Doe vs Bolton "ruled that the state's
interest in the life of the fetus became compelling
only at the point of viability, defined as the point at
which the fetus can survive independently of its
mother. Even after the point of viability, the state
cannot favor the life of the fetus over the life or
health of the pregnant woman.
13. No person of faith
in fact, no one who
wants to live in a
just and civil society
should be ignorant
of these facts:
14. FACT: Medical science proves that human life begins when the sperm fertilizes
the egg, commonly known as the moment of conception.
FACT: God is the sole Creator Who determines when our life begins and ends. It
is not our call.
FACT: Abortion kills an innocent, living human being made in the image and
likeness of God.
FACT: January 22, 2013 will mark the 40th year of legalized abortion-on-
demand throughout all nine months of pregnancy for any reason related to the
health of the mother.
FACT: An estimated 55 million innocent pre-born human beings have been
intentionally killed since the U.S. Supreme Court nullified anti-abortion laws in
1973.
FACT: Abortion hurts women, men, families, and society-at-large.
15. ROE VS. WADE
A landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on the
issue of abortion.
Decided simultaneously with a companion case, Doe v. Bolton,
the Court ruled 7â2 that a right to privacy under the due process
clause of the 14th Amendment extended to a woman's decision
to have an abortion, but that right must be balanced against the
state's two legitimate interests in regulating abortions:
protecting prenatal life and protecting women's health.
Arguing that these state interests became stronger over the
course of a pregnancy, the Court resolved this balancing test by
tying state regulation of abortion to the trimester of pregnancy.
16. CONTRACEPTION
Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control,
are methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy. Planning,
provision and use of birth control is called family planning. Safe
sex, such as the use of male or female condoms, can also help
prevent sexually transmitted infections.
Some cultures deliberately limit access to
birth control because they consider it to be
morally or politically undesirable.
18. HORMONAL
Hormonal contraceptives work by inhibiting ovulation and fertilization. They are
available in a number of different forms including oral pills, implants under the
skin, injections, patches, IUDs and a vaginal ring. They are currently available
only for women.
There are two types of oral birth control, the combined oral
contraceptive pill (often referred to as the birth-control pill or
colloquially as "the Pill", is a birth control method that includes
a combination of an estrogen (estradiol) and a progestogen
(progestin)) and the progestogen-only pill (contraceptive pills
that contain only synthetic progestogens (progestins) and do
not contain estrogen. They are colloquially known as mini pills).
19. BARRIER
Barrier contraceptives are
devices that attempt to
prevent pregnancy by
physically preventing
sperm from entering the
uterus. They include male
condoms, female
condoms, cervical caps,
diaphragms, and
contraceptive sponges with
spermicide.
20. INTRAUTERINE DEVICES
The current intrauterine devices (IUD) are small devices, often 'T'-
shaped, often containing either copper or levonorgestrel, which are
inserted into the uterus. They are one form of long-acting reversible
contraception which are the most effective types of reversible birth
controL.
21. STERILIZATION
Surgical sterilization is available in the form of tubal ligation for women
and vasectomy for men. There are no significant long-term side effects,
and tubal ligation decreases the risk of ovarian cancer.
25. VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA
Refers to the practice of ending a life in a painless
manner. When the patient brings about his or her own
death with the assistance of a physician, the term-
assisted suicide is often used instead.
26. NON-VOLUNTARY EUTHANSIA
Conducted where the explicit consent of the individual concerned is
unavailable, such as when the person is in a persistent vegetative state.
It contrasts with involuntary euthanasia, where euthanasia is
performed against the will of the patient. The decision can be
made based on what the incapacitated individual would have
wanted, or it could be made on substituted judgment of what
the decision maker would want were he or she in the
incapacitated person's place, or finally, the decision could be
made by the doctor by their own decision.
27. INVOLUNTARY EUTHANSIA
It occurs when euthanasia is performed on a
person who is able to provide informed consent,
but does not, either because they do not choose
to die, or because they were not asked.
28. PASSIVE AND ACTIVE
Voluntary, non-voluntary and involuntary euthanasia can all be
further divided into passive or active variants.
â˘Passive euthanasia entails the withholding of common
treatments, such as antibiotics, necessary for the continuance of
life.
â˘Active euthanasia entails the use of lethal substances or forces,
such as administering a lethal injection, to kill and is the most
controversial means.
