The document discusses Responsibility to Protect (R2P), which is a principle aimed at protecting vulnerable populations from war crimes, ethnic cleansing, crimes against humanity, and genocide. R2P has three key elements: (1) when a country fails to protect its people, the international community has a responsibility to protect and take collective action; (2) R2P was invoked in Libya in 2011 due to escalating violence between government and rebel forces; (3) there is debate around how R2P was applied in Libya, with arguments both for and against the NATO intervention.