2. ASPEE COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY
NAU, NAVSARI
Topic: Strategies and Prospects of Floriculture in India
Submitted to :
Dr. S.L. Chawla
Associate Professor,
Dept of Floriculture and
Landscape Architecture
ACHF NAU, Navsari
Submitted by :
Eerati Sathyanarayana
2nd Semester, M. Sc (Hort).
Dept. of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture
ACHF, NAU, Navsari
Course title: Production Technology of Cut Flowers
Course No :FLA-502
3. IntroductionIntroduction
Definition:
Floriculture can be defined as “a specialized branch
of horticulture which deals not only with
the cultivation of flowers, foliage, climbers, trees, shrubs,
cacti, succulents, etc., but also with their marketing and
production of value-added products from them”
India has a long tradition of floriculture.
Floriculture is a fast emerging major venture in the
world, especially as a potential money-spinner
business in the world.
4. The floriculture business is growing in the world at
around 6-10 % per annum.
In spite of a long tradition of floriculture, India's
share in the International market for these flowers is
negligible (< 0.70 %).
During the last few years, taking an advantage of
the incentives offered by the Government of India, a
number of Floriculture units were established in India
for producing and exporting flowers to the developed
countries.
5. Global floriculture trade
Top 10 cut flower exporting countries (2015)
Country Share in global
exports (%)
Netherlands 58
Colombia 14
Eucuador 7
Kenya 5
Israel 2
Italy 2
Spain 2
Belgium 1
Thailand 1
Germany 1
59%
10%
6%
4%
1%
1%
19%
The Netherlands
Columbia
Italy
Israel
Kenya
India
Other countries
11. Area and Production under Floriculture (2014-15)
• Global area : 7,02,383 ha
• Indian area : 2,49,000 ha
•Loose flowers in India
production: 1685 MT
•Cut flowers in India
production: 472 Lakh No.
Highest flower cultivated area in India: Tamil Nadu, West Bengal.
Highest loose flower production states: Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,
Madhya Pradesh.
Highest cut flower production states in India: West Bengal,
Karnataka, Jharkhand.
12.
13.
14. Ranking :
Country Rank
The Netherlands I
Italy II
Germany III
Area under protected floriculture (2014-15)
Indian area under protected floriculture : 5000 ha
15. Components of Floriculture Industry
• Loose flower production
• Cut flower production
• Dry flowers Marketing
• Essential Oils
• Pigments / natural dyes
• Cut foliages
• Nursery industry & seed industry
• Value addition:
-Value added packaging
-Floral decorations & ornaments – garlands, bouquets, veni
-Flower arrangement
-Pot pourri
-Tinting of flowers
-Aromatherapy
-Rose water, rose attar
-Pharmaceutical compounds
-Insecticides
-Nutritional value
-Value added poultry feed
16. Floriculture scenario in India
India’s share in global floriculture
area
: 35 %
Growth rate of India’s Floriculture
Industry
: 24 % per
annum
India’s share in the global
floriculture trade
: Only 0.65 %
18. Importance of floriculture in India
Floriculture is important from the following point of
view;
1. Economic point of view
2. Aesthetic point of view
3. Social point of view
19. Many flowers and ornamental plants are being grown for
domestic as well as for export market will provide more
return/unit area than any other agricultural/horticultural
crops.
Now days, growing of these cut flower crops, suited
for flower arrangements/decorations for bouquets
preparation, and for floral boskets, have increased
substantially and its share of the total trade has also
improved.
The present trend in floriculture is for making dry flowers,
extraction of natural colours and essential oils.
There is lot of demand for good quality flower seeds and
ornamental plant materials.
Economic point of view:
20. Lot of scope for landscaping and is considered as billion
dollar earning industry
To a Japanese flower arranger each flower expresses one
or more meaning (eg. Ikebana).
Horticultural therapy - is the new dimension of
horticultural science to heal the psychic debility and the
science is to use garden, landscape plants, parts of plants,
growing activity as tools to work is being utilized in
psychiatric hospital, general hospitals, physical
rehabilitation center, homes for elderly, prisons and
schools.
The patients can achieve higher level of personal
development and satisfaction.
Aesthetic point of view:
21. Flowers symbolize the purity, beauty, peace, love,
adoration, innocence and passion etc. Hence,
many flowers are used to express the most sensitive,
delicate and loving feelings.
In our society no social function is complete
without the use of flowers, floral ornaments, bouquets
or flower arrangements they are invariably used in all
social functions.
Used in social gatherings, birthday parties,
welcoming friends or relatives and honoring
dignitaries. The concept of Valentine’s Day is fast
catching up in India also.
Social point of view
22. To an Indian, especially for Hindu’s, flowers have a
much greater significance in religions offerings. It
has estimated that more than 30-40 % of the total
flower productions are being consumed in Kolkata
city alone used for worshiping purpose.
Flowers are very closely associated with mankind
from the dawn of human civilization. There is
increasing habit of ‘saying with flowers.’ Any Indians
born with flowers live with flowers and finally dies
with flowers.
23. India - huge scope - congenial climate, trained manpower, skilled
and unskilled workers
Suitable for small and medium farmers
Foreign exchange - export of flowers and VAP
Low labour cost
Cost of production is high in US and Europe
• low in Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia) and India
• 40% of Green House growers in Netherlands will close down in the
near future due to financial difficulties
Why cost of production is high in US, Europe?
(1) Labour cost in US, Europe : 10-12 US $ /hr
ie. 80 – 100 US $ / day
= Rs.3600 - 4500 / day
Labour cost in India, Africa – only 3-4 USD / day
= Rs.135 – 180 / day
= 25 times less
• In UK, US in winter – Green houses require heating and lighting:
This is not required in India, Africa
24. The International market is growing @ 8-10 %
annually.
The International demand is around Rs. 90,000
crore/ year and domestic market at 20-25 %.
The Govt. of India has setup the infrastructure for
floriculture industry in major cities like New Delhi,
Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Benglore, Pune etc.
APEDA is giving financial assistance to some extent
for various activities connected with export of
floriculture products.
25. Sl.N
o.
Zone Flower crops
1
Area around Delhi, UP and
Punjab
Rose, Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Gladiolus
2 Area around Benglore
Rose, Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Ornamental Foliage
Plants and Seeds
3 Area around Trivendrum Orchids, Anthurium and Foliage Plants
4 Area around Pune / Nashik
Rose, Carnation, Gladiolus, Dahlia, Chrysanthemum,
Aster and Tuberose
5
North Eastern region
including Sikkim
Orchids, Gladiolus, Liliums, Gerbera, Salvia, Anthurium
and other Foliage Plants
6 Area around Kolkata Lotus, Tuberose, Jasmine, Chrysanthemum and Dahlia.
7 Area around Srinagar Gladiolus, Lilies Carnation and Rose
8 Area around Solan, H.P. Carnation ,Gladiolus, Other Bulbous Plants and Seeds
9
Area around Coimbatore
including Nilgiris
Jasmine, Tuberose, Chrysanthemum, Rose, Carnation
and Orchids
26. Lack of specific information on area and production of
different flowers– which is a handicap in planning production
for domestic and export market.
Lack of information on new / ruling varieties – which
continuously keep changing in International markets.
Lack of information on advanced cultivation practices like
high density planting, fertilizer
and irrigation management, plant protection, proper grading,
etc,.
Lack of infrastructure facilities like green house/glass house
and poly house and Cold chain.
27. There is no direct cargo flight from Benglore and
Pune which are main production centers, leads to
double shipment which increases the cost besides
more scope for spoilage.
The flight rates in India are high which makes
products uncompetitive in the International markets.
Lack of Research and development in floriculture,
especially on new varieties, post-harvest techniques,
advanced cultivation method, etc.
28. No detailed economic feasibility studies with
reference to establishment, maintenance and cost of
production in glass house conditions / protected
cultivation.
Pot plants are produced in soil based container
medium which is not allowed in most middle-East and
European markets.
Lack of appropriate planting materials and
production technologies for export.
29. Evolving the high yielding varieties specially
for protected cultivation.
Standardization of crop specific greenhouse
cultivation practices.
Cold storage facility needs to be created at the
air ports and railway station along with the cold
refrigerated vans and compartments for
transportation via roadways and railways.
Sanitary and phyto-sanitary measures are to
adopted while dealing with exports.
Future strategies for floriculture in India
30. Joint ventures should be established with the
companies in other countries for exchange
technology.
Awareness should be created for popularizing
flower cultivation through seminars,
demonstrations, flower shows and exhibitions.
Generation of single window system for
farmers with respect to finance and consultancy.
31. Today a significant growth in Indian floriculture
and increase in acceptability of in the global market
is perceived.
The growing urbanization and changing lifestyles
have given to the per capita consumption of flowers
and plants as a result flower shops in cities and
towns.
The government should help for develop
floriculture business in this regard through
supporting agencies i.e. N.H.B , APEDA and
NABARD and National Horticulture Mission, which
is the major scheme, has been implementing with
association of states.
Conclusion
32. Today flowers have become an integral part of
ceremonies they are enter to home and offices on
regular basis and to explore at industrial level.
There is a need to promote and explore the
flower trade in addition with other value addition
techniques.
33. Anonymous (2014). Indian Horticulture Board.
NHB, Ministry of agriculture, Government
of India.
APEDA 2001-02 to 2014-15. Ministry of
Agriculture, Government of India, New
Delhi.
G. S. Randhawa and A. Mukhopadhyaya, (1985)
Floriculture in India, Allied Publishers
Private Ltd., New Delhi 110 064
