KARNATAKA ECONOMY AGRICULTURE

1. KARNATAKA ECONOMY
AGRICULTURE

2. DR. MUNIRAJU M.
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPT. OF STUDIES AND RESEARCH IN
ECONOMICS
TUMKUR UNIVERSITY, TUMAKURU, KARNATAKA

3. I .
I N T R O D U C T I O N :
 The state has 29406 villages with 190.50 lakh hectares of land,
out of which 130.62 lakh hectares land (69%) was Gross
cultivated area during 2010-11. The net area sown during the
year was 105.23 lakh hectares, thus cropping intensity in the
state was 124 only. Out of the 130.62 lakh hectares Gross area
cultivated only 42.79 lakh hectares of land (33%) was gross
irrigated area.
 Out of the 105.23 lakh hectares of net area sown only 34.90 lakh
hectares (33%) was net irrigated area and thus irrigation
intensity in the state was only 123. The contribution of
agriculture sector to GSDP is 15.4% in the year 2010-11 in the
state.

4. Crop area and production statistics includes
 Crop Area Statistics , Land use statistics, Production statistics
,Horticulture statistics, Irrigation Statistics, Crop forecasts,
Agriculture census and Rainfall Statistics.
 The Directorate of Economics and Statistics is considered as
State Agricultural Statistical Authority (SASA) by government
of India.

5. Economic Importance of Agriculture Statistics
1. To furnish Area & Production details of various crops.
2. To formulate policies for import and export for food and non-
food agricultural crops, public distribution system, minimum
support prices.
3. To calculate Gross Domestic Product, State income and per
capita income and to find growth rate.
Cont..

6. 4. Yield rates obtained from Crop Cutting Experiments are
used to find the extent of crop loss for National
Agricultural Insurance Scheme.
5. To know the ups and downs in Agricultural Crops.
6. To decide on the compensation to be given in case of
land acquisition

7.  The Karnataka state belongs to the category of temporarily settled
states. The crop area statistics are originated by the Village
Accountant on the basis of complete enumeration of the field. The
Village Accountant has to visit each and every sub survey number of
the village in each crop season.
 Village accountant aggregates crop area village wise. The figures are
further consolidated at taluk and district level by the taluk and
District Offices as depicted below. As per notification issued by the
Revenue Department on 6-5-2005.
A. Crop Area Statistics:
Procedure of collection of Crop Area &
Yield Statistics:

8. Survey number wise area enumeration
RTC
Village Abstract
Taluk Consolidation (Reconcilation Committee)
District Consolidation (Reconcilation Committee)
State Consolidation
Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operation, Government of India.

9. B. YIELD
STATISTICS:
 Estimates of crop production are obtained by
multiplying the area under crop and the yield rate. The
estimates of yield rate are based on scientifically
designed crop cutting experiments conducted under Crop
Estimation Survey (CES).
i. GCES: The DES is implementing GCES since 1945-46.
Its objective is to work out the average yield per hectare
of important food and non food crops. Yield rates are
used to arrive at crop production.

10. Crop Estimation Survey on Fruits, Vegetables and
Minor Crops:
 The scheme aims at estimation of area, production and yield
of 7 fruits i.e., Mango, Grapes, Guava, Banana, Sapota,
Pomogranate and Lemon, 4 Vegetables i.e., Tomato, Beans,
Brinjal and Cabbage and one Minor crop i.e., Turmeric.
 Under Crop Estimation Survey (CES) yield rates of 28 crops
are estimated. Under the scheme of Survey on Estimation of
Fruits, Vegetables and Minor crops yield rates of 12 crops
are estimated. Thus for 40 crops DES is able to obtain yield
rates through statistically valid crop cutting experiments.

11.  However DES has to furnish production estimates of
about 61 major crops of the State. For these remaining 21
crops which are not covered under Crop Estimation
Surveys, DES used to use traditional methods to have
yield rates earlier to 2007-08.
 Large variations were observed to that of package of
practice in the yield information obtained through these
traditional methods which affected the production
estimates.

12.  Therefore, to overcome this problem, an oral enquiry of
farmers approach within the reach of DES is initiated
from the year 2007-08 to obtain the yield rates by
interviewing the farmers, on random basis with sufficient
number of samples.
Oral Enquiry Method:
 Under oral enquiry method, districts with largest area
of the respective crop are selected. Out of each district
2 taluks atleast with a minimum area of 25 hectares are
selected.

13.  In each taluk, 2 villages are randomly selected (in case of
greater area taluks 4 villages are selected) and thus effort is
made to make the samples more representative and from
each village 10 farmers are randomly selected and
information is elicited as per prescribed schedules so as to
get yield rates of that crop.

14.  The above table depicts the growth status of our
Agriculture Sector where in area under food grains is
increased by only 3%, and increase over yield rate is 13%.
i. Yield of total food grains: (Kgs/Hect.)
State 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
A. Pradesh 2613 2744 2294
Karnataka 1548 1511 1377
T. Nadu 2125 2225 2477

15. ii. Production of total food grains: (million tonns)
State 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
A. Pradesh 19.30 20.42 15.30
Karnataka 12.19 11.28 10.96
T. Nadu 6.58 7.10 7.51
i. Yield of Pulses: (Kgs/Hect.)
State 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
A. Pradesh 803 818 740
Karnataka 531 466 451
T. Nadu 303 307 382

16. iii. Production of Pulses: (million tonns)
State 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
A. Pradesh 1.70 1.45 1.43
Karnataka 1.27 0.97 1.12
T. Nadu 0.19 0.16 0.20
iv. Yield of Oil Seeds: (Kgs/Hect.)
State 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
A. Pradesh 1276 842 724
Karnataka 681 556 502
T. Nadu 1739 1782 1898

17. v. Production of Oil Seeds: (million tonns)
State 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
A. Pradesh 3.39 2.19 1.50
Karnataka 1.55 1.21 1.01
T. Nadu 1.15 1.04 0.94
Cropping Intensity:
State 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
A. Pradesh 124.4 126.3 126.1
Karnataka 124.0 123.1 123.7
T. Nadu 115.0 114.0 114.9

18.  The yield rates & Production of food grains, pulses and
oil seeds of State shown above along with Andhra
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu clearly shows that there is much
scope for Agriculture Sector to grow in our State.
 In our country during 11th Five Year Plan, as against the
target of 5.4%, in agriculture sector, 5.5% progress is
achieved.
 During 9th five year plan (1997-2001), average
production of total food grains is 95.1 lakh tonnes,
during 10th five year plan (2002-2006), average is 89.16
lakh tonnes, registering a decline of 6.24%.

19.  During 11th five year plan (2007-2011), (of 4 years)
average production of total food grains is 119.9 lakh
tonnes, registering an increase of 34.47%.
 Similarly, during 9th plan period average yield is 1345 kgs
and during 10th plan period it is 1277.6 kgs, showing a
decline by 5%. During 11th plan period, average yield is
1600 kgs, (of 4 years) registering an increase by 27.25%.