Viewpoints: Leveraging ISS to Enable LEO Commercialization
1.
2. Viewpoints: Leveraging ISS to Enable LEO
Commercialization
SAM SCIMEMI, DIRECTOR FOR INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, HUMAN EXPLORATION
AND OPERATIONS MISSION DIRECTORATE – NASA HQ (CO-MODERATOR)
JEFF BINGHAM, FORMER SENIOR ADVISER, US SENATE COMMERCE, SCIENCE AND
TRANSPORTATION COMMITTEE (CO-MODERATOR)
JOHN SHANNON, VICE PRESIDENT, SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM, BOEING
FRANK CULBERTSON, PRESIDENT, SPACE SYSTEMS GROUP,
ORBITAL ATK
JEFF MANBER, MANAGING DIRECTOR, NANORACKS LLC
JANICE L. HESS, PRESIDENT, TELEDYNE BROWN ENGINEERING &
ENGINEERED SYSTEM SEGMENT, TELEDYNE TECHNOLOGIES
INCORPORATED
3. LEVERAGING ISS TO ENABLE LEO
COMMERCIALIZATION
JEFF BINGHAM
FORMER SENIOR ADVISER, US SENATE COMMERCE,
SCIENCE AND TRANSPORTATION COMMITTEE
4. GROUNDWORK FOR A REVOLUTION
• VSE- Station refocus on exploration-related R & D
Congress “revolted” and said “not so fast!” – US Segment designated as National Lab
15% of ISS research must be non-exploration-related
NASA to do report on potential form and ops of National Laboratory
Completed mid-2007, incorporating Education paper done December 2006
Both codified in 2005 NASA Authorization Act (Public LAW 100-155)
• First ISS Extension to at least 2020.
2008 NASA Authorization Act (P.L. 110-422) NASA to take no action to preclude
operations through at least 2020.
Anti-OMB “budget wedge” language.
Study of how to ensure ISS viability required by 2008 NASA Authorization Act
Led directly to subsequent legislative language requiring flight of what became STS-135.)
5. GROUNDWORK FOR A REVOLUTION
• NASA 2010 Authorization (and Policy) Act
Requirement to establish cooperative agreement with independent management
entity for ISS National Lab management purposes.
CASIS is born.
Mandate for no less than fifty percent of U.S. ISS research capacity to be
allocated to independent entity.
•Congress appears supportive of extension to
at least 2024
What will REALLY decide the future of ISS and any follow-on
LEO “economy” or infrastructure is the success or failure of
what is happening right now and the success or failure of the
catalytic affect and leveraging of that activity for the future.
6. LEVERAGING ISS TO ENABLE LEO
COMMERCIALIZATION
SAM SCIMEMI
DIRECTOR FOR INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, HUMAN
EXPLORATION AND OPERATIONS MISSION DIRECTORATE
– NASA HQ
7. LEVERAGING ISS TO ENABLE LEO
COMMERCIALIZATION
How can we leverage the remaining time we
have with ISS to enable the demand for LEO
services that could sustain commercial LEO
supply?
What mechanisms can the government enable
that would sustain commercial and non-NASA
government investment in LEO research
beyond ISS?
How can we leverage NASA next human
spaceflight steps beyond LEO to benefit the
development of commercial LEO capabilities?
10. Leveraging ISS to Enable LEO Commercialization
July 8, 2015
Frank Culbertson
President
Space Systems Group
11. Space Systems Group Overview
Scientific Spacecraft Human Space Systems National Security SatellitesCommercial Satellites
Space Components Space Engineering Services Research Rocket and
Balloon Operations
Advanced Space Systems
Annual Sales of About $1.2 Billion
Workforce of Approximately 2,700 People
Major Operations in Virginia, Maryland, California,
Arizona, Texas and Utah
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Delivering Some of Orbital ATK’s
Most Innovative and Challenging Programs
Frank Culbertson, SSG President
12. Commercial Space Today:
Cargo Resupply Mission to ISS
Antares Fueling at Pad 0A
Antares Liftoff
Cygnus Rendezvous With ISS
16. CRS Return To Flight Planning
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Cygnus was designed to be compatible with multiple
launch vehicles
Orbital ATK Is Implementing a Return to Flight Plan
That Delivers Cargo to the ISS by December 2015
Purchase Launch Services from Proven Third-Party
Providers to Launch Cygnus during the Antares Down-
time
Return Antares to Flight by Q1 2016 Using New, In-
production RD-181 Engines
Eleven Month Integration with Atlas V going very
smoothly and headed to a launch in early December
2015
Updated Pressurized Cargo Module (PCM)
configuration of internal structure allows for higher
cargo loads (Approximately 3500 kg manifested on
Orb-4)
18. ISS Enables Commercialization in LEO
With the extension of the ISS to 2024, NASA can continue critical research and
technology/systems demonstrations as well as enabling the development of a
commercial market for human spaceflight in LEO
NASA, FAA and other Government agencies need to
take steps now to promote, protect, and establish
commercial activities in LEO
Legislation and Policies
Simplification of ITAR requirements
Funding
Protection of Intellectual Property generated
from Commercial Activities
Developing agreements for commercial transportation
And the use of NASA astronauts supporting commercial
experiments
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19. Orbital ATK’s Roadmap for ISS Commercialization
Increased commercial transportation services for commercial ISS experiments using
Cygnus. This augments NASA and National Lab ISS Utilization
Cubesat deployers on Cygnus (9 X 3U Cubesats)
Deployer for a single 25 – 50 Kg micro satellite
Commercially available mass and volume of pressurized space on Cygnus
Power, commanding, telemetry, data storage, and safety inhibits for hosted payloads on Cygnus
Augmentation of ISS Laboratory equipment with commercially owned and operated
equipment. Examples include NanoRacks centrifuge, and experiment airlock
Augmentation of the ISS with a complete commercial module for specialized
experimentation
Example 1: Commercial production of pharmaceuticals in a dedicated module
Example 2: Test bed module supporting future beyond Low Earth Orbit Exploration
Free Flyer Commercial Module
Example: Bigelow Commercial Space Station.
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20. Summary
NASA can help invigorate the commercial LEO market:
Restructuring of requirements to accommodate commercial utilization
Streamlining of processes
Funding opportunities to “Prime” the commercialization pump
− Anchor tenant
− COTS model
Accommodate commercial utilization outside of National Lab
− Opens new markets
Large Scale Commercial Utilization still waiting on the “killer app”
Use of commercial practices and contracting approaches is the most cost effective way to implement space
programs
Cygnus ready to support commercial activities in the near term
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24. JAN HESS
PRESIDENT, TELEDYNE BROWN ENGINEERING & ENGINEERED SYSTEM
SEGMENT, TELEDYNE TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED
LEVERAGING ISS TO ENABLE LEO
COMMERCIALIZATION
25. Leveraging ISS to Enable
LEO Commercialization
Jan Hess
Teledyne Brown Engineering
Huntsville, Alabama
27. The Big Shift – Government
Contractor to Commercial Business
• ~Ten years ago we recognized the need to balance our portfolio,
adding commercial. Government budgets were shrinking with
increasing entrants into the market.
• ISS commercialization was a natural fit with our involvement with
ISS since its inception – payload integration, mission operations,
and hardware manufacturing.
• Once the National Lab Office was established with emphasis on
commercialization, we knew we had a strong partner that would
support us in our endeavor to realize our commercial space
imaging and instrument hosting vision.
28. The Big Shift –
Financial and Cultural
• Teledyne Brown Engineering (TBE) is part of a mature, mid-
sized public company.
• Public companies are responsible to many: shareholders,
employees, customers, communities, etc. The prime expectation
is earnings growth.
• However, starting our commercial space business meant that
we, in actuality, had a start up inside a mature, public company.
• TBE had to move its culture quickly from a government
contractor cost-type mentality to fixed-priced commercial.
29. The Big Shift –
Education and Innovation
• Learned to be flexible, patient, and persistent.
• Determined early on that we needed partners to make the business case viable. ISS
National Lab was key. Also, partnered with the German Space Agency, who is
providing the first instrument on MUSES, a hyperspectral imager.
• We adjusted our strategy as we moved through the project which began in early 2012.
We have moved from a position of solely providing earth imaging to one of also
providing turn-key instrument hosting.
• We streamlined all internal processes and practice continuous process improvement.
We have and continue to educate our workforce and have added resources from the
commercial market place.
• Learned that we had to educate the market place, before we could sell to it. Most earth
observations are done from "free flyers." Turn-key instrument hosting is innovative and
has yielded much interest.
• MUSES is complete, and in late June, successfully passed ISS interface testing at
Kennedy.
30. • Risks and rewards can be high. MUST have
commitment, discipline, and understanding at all
levels and across all functional organizations
(technical, contracts, finance, manufacturing, etc.) for
highest probability of success.
• One of the most exciting opportunities our company
has ever worked.
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