1. Geography of East Asia

2. Geographic Barriers
• Barriers cut China off
from the rest of the
world & limit contact
• North
• South
• East
• West

3. Geographic Regions of East Asia
• Eastern Coastal Plain
• Manchuria
• Tibet
• Xinjiang
• Mongolia

4. Taklimakan Desert

5. Gobi Desert

6. Tibetan Plateau

7. Manchuria

8. South East Asian Rainforest

9. Eastern Coastal Plain

10. Three Rivers
• Huang He
• Yangzi
• Xi

13. China Physical Geography

14. Climate Zones of East Asia

15. Ancient East Asia

16. Yangsho / Longshan Cultures
• Silk
• Potters wheel
• Baked brick
houses
• Irrigation
• Flood control

19. Government
• Clans?
• Consensus?
• Divine?

20. Economics
• Farming
• Pottery
• Silk?

21. Social Order

22. Philosophy & Religion
• Polytheistic
• Yin / Yang
• Ancestor
Worship

23. Achievements
• Farming
• Pottery
• Silk

24. Shang (1650 – 1027)

26. Government
• Appointed Rulers
• Complex
Bureaucracy
• Capital at Anyang
• King was the son
of Heaven (god-
king)

27. Economics
• Centralized
• Farming
• Pottery
• Silk

28. Social Order

29. Important People
• Shang Di
• Tang

30. Philosophy & Religion
• Shang Di
• God-king
• Polytheistic
• Animism
• Ancestor Worship
• Oracle Bones

31. Achievements
• Accurate
Calendar
• Bronze
• Silk
• Pottery
• Calligraphy

32. Reason for Decline
• Zhou people from the
West invaded along with
other tribes and seized
control from a weakened
Shang king.

33. Zhou (1027 – 220)
• Zhou clan
invaded Shang
territory from the
northwest
• Led by Wu Wang
• Conquered
region

36. Government
• Dynastic
Cycle
• Mandate
of Heaven
• Feudalism

38. Economics
• Farming
• Craftsmans
hip

39. Social Order

40. Achievements

41. Reason for Decline
• Feudal Lords gained
power, became less
loyal to the king
• Invaders from the West
and North chipped
away at Zhou lands
• Legend of Eastern and
Western Zhou?

42. Era of a Hundred Schools
• Feudal states fought for
control over a period of
several hundred years
• Turmoil and war led to the
development of
philosophies
aimed at forming
a peaceful society

43. Important People
• Confucius
– Analects
• Lao Zi
– Te Tao Ching
• Han Fezi
–?
• Sunzi
– Art of War

44. Confucianism
• Peaceful Society through
proper behavior
• Filial Piety
• Code of Conduct
• 5 Relationships
• 5 Classics
• Analects

45. Confucianism
5 Relationships
• Father - Son
• Husband –Wife
• Older Brother – Younger Brother
• Ruler – Subject
• Friend – Friend

46. Confucianism
Scholar
Peasant
Artisans
Merchants

47. Taoism
• Peaceful
Society
through
balance
• Yin / Yang
• Wuwei
• Nature
• Simplicity
• Te Tao Ching

48. Legalism
• Peaceful
society
through
strict rules
and
punishment
• Harsh laws
= order

49. Qin (221 – 203)

51. Government
• Shi Huangdi =
1st Emperor
• Legalist
• Autocracy
• Centralized
Bureaucracy
• Code of Qin
• 36 Military
Districts

52. Economics
• Centralized
• Farming
• Public Works
• Uniform
currency –
weights &
measures

53. Social Order
Nobility had no real
power, which had
shifted to the Shi Huang Di
leaders in the
autocracy
Warriors
Nobility
Artisans
Merchants
Peasants

54. Important People
• Shi Huangdi - 1st
Emperor

56. Achievements
• Book Burning?
• Centralized Government
• Unified Legal System
• Unified Tax System
• Public Works
• Great Wall of
China

57. Reason for Decline
• Nobody liked living this way!

58. Han
202 BC – 220 AD
• Four years after the fall of the
Qin a peasant general named
Liu Bang rose to power and
formed the Han
dynasty.

61. Social Order

62. Important People
• Liu Bang
• Wudi
• Boddhiharma

63. Philosophy & Religion
• Return to Confucian values
• Buddhism arrives in China

64. Achievements
• Chinese still refer to
themselves as Han
• Fertilizer
• Acupuncture
• Seismograph
• Civil service exams

65. Dates Gov. Econ. Social People Philos. Achiev.
Structure & Religion
Early Pre Clan? Subsistence Clans Polytheist farming
People - Consensus? Agriculture Family All Yin/Yang Pottery
1650 Important Ancestor Irrigation
Worship Silk
Shang 1650 Appointed Farming Hierarchy Wu Ding Same Calligraphy
– Rulers Craftsmanship Oracle Bones Silk
1027 Chariots
Chopsticks
Zhou 1027 Feudal Feudal Same but Confucius Confucianism Mandate of
– Local lords gain Farming & Feudal Lao Zi Taoism Heaven
220 power over Commerce Han Fezi Legalism Iron
time Trade Coins
Population Books
Growth Acupuncture
Qin 221 Bureaucracy Government Power shifts Shi Huangdi Legalist Public school
– 36 Military Owned to emperor Book Burning Great wall
203 Provinces Uniform Taxes and his Mirrors
Legalist Uniform military
leaders Marble
Coinage
Han 202 Confucian Farming Same basic Liu Bang Confucian Canal&Road
– officials Silk Road hierarchy Wudi Government
220 AD Civil Service Monopolies socially but Bodhiharma Intro to Monopoly
Exams power now Buddhism Expansion
held by
educated

66. Modern China

68. East Meets West
• Marco Polo
• The Crusades
• Kow Tow
• Silk, Tea, and
Gun Powder
• Opium

69. The Opium Wars
• Treaty of Nanjing
– China to pay
21 million dollars
– Loss of Hong Kong
– Loss of sovereignty

70. Revolution and Republic
• Chinese rebels, supported by European
powers, forced out the Emperor
• Formed as a republic
• Fell to warlords in 1916
• Turned to
Nationalism in 1928
• War with Japan in 1937
• Fell to Communists in 1949
• Now Taiwan
• A Quick History

71. Chiang Kai Shek
• Took part in the 1911 revolution
against Qing Dynasty.
• Became nationalist leader in1928
• Elected the first president under in
1948.
• Fled to the island of Taiwan
• There, he became president of a
nationalist government and
continued to promise re-conquest
of the Chinese mainland until his
death in 1975.

72. The Communist Revolution

73. Mao Zedong
• Born to a peasant family
• Joined the Chinese Communist
Party as a founding member in the
1920s
• Led an uprising in 1927
• Led the Red Army on the Long
March.
• Brought the communists to victory
against the nationalists in 1949,
after more than 20 years of civil
war.

74. Red Army & the Long March
• Came into being in August 1927.
• Both a political and social role:
from distributing propaganda
among the masses to arming them
and helping them establish
revolutionary political power.
• Forced to retreat in October 1934
by Nationalists, 0ne hundred
thousand soldiers and party
leaders braved bitter conditions
…only 28,000 completed the trip
• The marchers' legendary discipline
increased party prestige, and the
movement grew rapidly.

75. Great Leap Forward
• Mao proposed that China should
make a "great leap forward" into
modernization.
• Began a militant Five Year Plan to
promote technology and
agricultural self-sufficiency.
• Fertile rice fields were ploughed
over, and factory construction
work began.
• Farming was collectivized
• 23,500 communes were created
• Farmers had no idea how to use
the new factories
• Massive famine in 1960 and 1961
• Twenty million people starved

76. Cultural Revolution
• A ten-year political campaign to
recapture excitement of the
revolution
• Ideological cleansing began with
attacks by young Red Guards on
so-called "intellectuals" to remove
"bourgeois" influences.
• Millions were forced into manual
labor, and tens of thousands were
executed.
• Cultural Revolution was declared
officially to have ended with Mao’s
death and the arrest of the Gang
of Four.

77. Red Guard
• People in their teens and 20s who
supported the shake-ups within the
Communist Party in the Cultural
Revolution.
• Mao urged workers to turn on their
managers and students to turn
against their teachers.
• Entire schools were closed by units
of Red Guard students,
• Chinese people who were
between the ages of 15 and 25
during the period of the Cultural
Revolution are now referred to as
the "lost generation", having missed
out on a proper education.

78. Deng Xiaoping
• A veteran of the Long March
• Took over after the Gang of Four
were purged
• Dominated both the party and
government throughout the 1980s
• Instituted a variety of economic
reforms aimed at decentralizing
China's economy and opening the
country to international trade
• Resigned from his last party post in
1989, after supporting the use of
suppressive military force in the
upheaval of Tiananmen Square.
• Died in 1997

79. Tiananmen Square
• Started as a mass demonstration of mourning students
• Demonstrators soon began to call for greater
democracy
• The authorities' response was initially lenient
• On 4 June 1989 troops
and tanks of the People's
Liberation Army stormed
into Tiananmen Square
and ended the peaceful
protest with a massacre
in which thousands were
killed.

80. China Today
• Communism
• Free Markets
• WTO

84. Tibet
• 640 Tibet established as
independent kingdom
• 820 Peace treaty signed
with China
• 1270 Conquered by
Kublai Khan
• 1913 Dalai Lama claims
independence
• 1950 Invaded by China
• 1959 Dalai Lama fled to India
• 1995 Named Panchen Lama

85. Taiwan
• Established as “The
Republic of China” in 1949
• One-Party system until 1987
• Now a multi-party
democracy
• World export power
• Reunification vs.
independence