Section 1

1. BELL RINGER – 5 MINUTES
BE SURE TO INCLUDE TODAY’S DATE!
GREAT NEOLITHIC STONE MONUMENTS
Each of these ancient monuments is aligned with the
sun or other heavenly bodies.
All were built for burial or worship ceremonies.
Which of these
ancient monuments
was built first?
1. the pyramids
2. Newgrange tomb
3. Stonehenge
4. They were all built
at the same time.

2. C H A P T E R 1 – S E C T I O N 1 ( P A G E S 8 - 1 5 )
EARLY HUMANS

3. BY THE END OF THE LESSON, YOU WILL
LEARN:
• Recognize the importance of fire, weapons, and tools to early cultures and
agriculture.
• List ancient weapons and tools.
• Understand the role of the environment in terms of influencing the
development of weapons, and tools.
• Explain the role of agriculture in early settled communities.
• Understand the place of historical events in the context of past, present and
future.
• Identify the characteristics of hunter-gatherer communities in various
continental regions in Africa versus the Americas.
• Recognize the types of early communities (i.e., nomadic, fishing, farming).
• Identify major technological advances (i.e., tools, wheel, irrigation).
• Recognize major historical time periods (i.e., Early Civilizations .
• Recognize the basic components of culture (i.e., language, common
values, traditions, government, art, literature, lifestyles).
• Identify disadvantages and advantages of nomadic and early farming
lifestyles (i.e., shelter, food supply, and, domestication of plants and
animals).
• Recognize the steps that give rise to complex governmental organizations
(i.e., nomadic, farming, village, city, city-states, and states).

4. Locating Places
• Jericho (JEHR•ih•KOH)
• Çatal Hüyük (chah•TAHL hoo•YOOK)
Building Your Vocabulary
• historian (hih•STOHR•ee•uhn)
• archaeologist (AHR•kee•AH•luh•jihst)
• artifact (AHR•tih•FAKT) • fossil (FAH•suhl)
• anthropologist (AN•thruh•PAH•luh•jihst)
• nomad (NOH•MAD)
• technology (tehk•NAH•luh•jee) 
• domesticate (duh•MEHS•tih•KAYT) 
• specialization (SPEH•shuh•luh•ZAY•shuhn)

5. VIDEO

6. JOBS IN SOCIAL STUDIES
• History is the story of humans in the past, and
historians are the people who study and write
about humans of the past.
• Archaeologists hunt for evidence buried in the
ground.
• Anthropologists study how humans developed
and related to each other.

7. • The early period of human history is called the Stone
Age. The earliest part of the Stone Age is called the
Paleolithic period.

8. • Paleolithic people were nomads, traveling from
place to place to hunt and search for food.

9. • Paleolithic women cared for children and gathered
berries, nuts, and grains. Paleolithic men hunted animals
using clubs, spears, traps, and bows and arrows.

10. Paleolithic people adapted to their environment. Those in
warm climates wore little clothing and had little need for
shelter. Those in cold climates used caves for shelter. Over
time, they learned to create shelters from animal hides
and wooden poles.

11. • Paleolithic people discovered fire, which
kept them warm, lit the darkness, and
cooked food.

12. ICE AGE
• Long periods of extreme cold are called
the Ice Ages. During the Ice Ages, thick
sheets of ice covered parts of Europe,
Asia, and North America.
• Nomadic lifestyle
• following food supplies
• avoiding temperature
extremes

13. LANGUAGE
• Paleolithic people developed spoken language
and expressed themselves through art, which may
have had religious meaning.

14. TOOLS
• During this time, humans created tools such as
spears and hand axes using stone called flint.

15. • How did spoken language help the Paleolithic
people?
• (Language made it easier for people to work
together and pass on knowledge.)

16. NEOLITHIC PEOPLE
• In the beginning of the Neolithic Age, people began
to domesticate, or tame, animals. Domesticated
animals carried goods and provided meat, milk, and
wool.

17. CROPS LED TO VILLAGES
• People in different parts of
the world began growing
crops about the same
time. Historians call this
change the farming
revolution.
• Because farmers needed
to stay close to their fields,
they built permanent
homes in villages.

18. JERICHO & ÇATAL HÜYÜK
One of the oldest villages
is Jericho in present-day
Israel and Jordan.
• Another Neolithic village is
• Çatal Hüyük in present-day
• Turkey.

19. NEOLITHIC VILLAGES
• Permanent
villages
provided
people
with
security
and steady
food. The
surplus food
led to a
larger
population.

20. JOBS OF VILLAGERS
• Not all people in a village were farmers.
Some made pottery, mats, and cloth. They
traded these goods for things they did not
have.

21. NEOLITHIC TECHNOLOGY
• People continued to create new technology.
They created better farming tools and began
working with metal, copper, and tin. They also
began working with bronze.

22. ERAS OF EARLY HUMAN
HISTORY
• Paleolithic Era (1 million-40,000
yrs. ago)
• simple stone tools
• simple shelters
• cave paintings
• Neolithic (10,000 yrs. ago)
• farming
• innovation
• complex societies
• defined polytheistic ideologies

24. • Why was farming important to the Neolithic
people?
(Farming allowed people to settle in one place, and
it provided a steady food supply.)
•

25. ASSIGNMENT
• You will complete a Venn Diagram on Paleolithic and
Neolithic people.
• You will correctly place the following characteristics in the
correct place on your diagram.
• lived in small groups of nomads
• created wall paintings
• underwent the farming revolution
• lived in villages
• made farming tools
• practiced specialization of jobs
• made tools out of copper and bronze
• built shelters
• hunted and fished
• gathered plants and fruits
• made stone tools and weapons
• farmed, raised animals, and traded
• discovered how to use fire
• started to speak a language
• created cave paintings