This PPT was presented at Department of Library and Information Science during Refresher Course Lecture delivered by me. This lecture deals with changing role of Academic Library in empowerment of Library Users .

1. Empowering Library and Information
Professionals and Library End-Users of
Academic Libraries in Changing
Environment
Issues and Challenges
Dr. Manoj Kumar Sinha
Reader and Head of the Department
Department of Library and Information Science
Assam University (A Central University)
Silchar-788 011, (Assam)
E-mail : dr_mk_sinha@yahoo.com, mk_sinha_bgp@indiatimes.com,
mksinha1965@gmail.com , dlsau2009@gmail.com ,
manoj.kumar.sinha@aus.ac.in

2. Break-Up of Paper
• Introduction
• Paradigm Shift of Library from Traditional to ICT
Enabled Library
– Development of Information Infrastructure in
Academic Libraries
– Format of Knowledge Resources
– Web 2.0 / Library 2.0
– Aims and Objectives of the Paper
• Academic Libraries
• Concept and Definition of Empowerment
• Changing Role of Library and Information
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3. Break-Up of Paper
• Role of Library Networks and Other Professional Associations for
Empowering Library Professionals and Library End- Users
– Role of INFLIBNET
– Orientation and Refresher Course organized in Universities under UGC
Sponsorship
– Short Term Training Programmes by other Professional Associations / Bodies
– Organizing Training and Seminar, Workshops and Conferences by College ,
University , and
– Institutional Libraries / Department of Library and Information Science
• Steps Taken for Empowerment of Library Professionals and Library Users: A
Case Study of Assam University, Silchar
•
• Library Professionals Agencies Extending ICT Trainings
• Suggestions and Recommendations
• Conclusion
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4. Introduction : ICT
• University Libraries are playing an important role in extending support for
teaching –learning process, research and development activities and other
academic endeavour.
• At present the focus of teaching –learning process has been shifted from
the class room teaching to library oriented teaching where users are
required to supplement their class room teaching from the library resources
available in their departmental library / central library for the examination
preparation, assignment, projects and research activities.
• Therefore it is imperative for library users to know the printed as well as
electronic resources available in their departmental library and central
library to make optimum utilization of knowledge resources available to
give best output to the university in particular and society in general.
• In order to make them fully aware we have to empower our library users to
exploit the knowledge resources which are available with us both in
traditional as well as in digital formats.
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5. Paradigm Shift of Library from
Traditional to ICT Enabled Library
• ICT is a buzzword of today's Society and ICT has changed the society into
information society and our way of life;
• It has penetrated in everywhere and its makes our life comfortable and
easy;
• ICT is a product of information age and technology. It has been regarded
as a vehicle for future development, opportunities, challenges and
competition that enables information to be collected and used;
• In this history of human civilization, no scientific discoveries had as
comprehensive impact as ICT has;
• Internet is one of the most important and complex innovations of
mankind. It is a powerful means of communication, dissemination and
retrieval of information. It is a network of network connecting thousands
of smaller computer networks together so that other networks may share
information present in one network.
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6. Paradigm Shift of Library from
Traditional to ICT Enabled Library
• The traditional libraries have started using ICTs and becoming
computerized libraries where all library transactions are being carried
out by computer system using appropriate library application software;
• The present day library is regarded as hybrid library where traditional
as well as computer-based library services are being provided;
• Many classical libraries have evolved to hybrid libraries;
• Most of these hybrid libraries are not on the road to evolve towards
completely digital libraries, they make efforts to provide information
services with both hard copy as well as digital documents, which brings
many challenges to most of the librarians, irrespective of their function
in the system.
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7. Development of Information
Infrastructure in Academic Libraries
• Adequate information infrastructure is required in any university/
technical / special institutional libraries for sharing of information at
regional, National and International or global level;
• INFLIBNET has supported the 142 Academic Libraries (especially
University and Institutional Libraries) to develop adequate ICT
Infrastructure
• Resource Sharing amongst the University Libraries and other
Institutions of higher learning has been given importance and many
consortia agreement has been evolved for accessing to E-Resources
• Indian university and institutional libraries are in hybrid stage where
both computers based and manual library and information services
are being offered to their clientele ;
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8. ICT Infrastructure in University
Libraries of India
• According to a survey on ICT application of university libraries
in India conducted by Sinha, 2004 B, the actual implementation
of the INFLIBNET programme has been taken into account;
• This study reveals that most of the university libraries covered
under this programme (142 university Libraries) have
developed adequate information infrastructure for extending
computerized library and information services (Sinha, 2004) ;
• Besides this, about 171 university libraries have been covered
under UGC-INFONET E-Journals/ Digital Library Consortium
Programme, which is under direct monitoring of INFLIBNET for
access to 5000+ scholarly e-journals and electronic on-line
databases for the academic community for quality research
output.
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9. Format of Knowledge Resources
• Knowledge resources are changing from printed to
electronic format;
• As a result many libraries are currently experiencing a fast
transition from print to electronic format while developing
collection of an academic, Technical/ Special Libraries;
• The collection development method and practices of
acquiring library resources have changed in order to cope
with the electronic version publications;
• The role of library and information professionals also needs
to be changed to provide best services to the end users.
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10. Format of Knowledge Resources
• The Internet has given rise to the development of electronic versions of printed
library reading materials like books, journals, repost, conference proceedings,
monographs etc., which have brought changes in the collection development
policies of academic libraries and the role of librarians is vital in the selection and
procurement of relevant electronic resources judiciously within limited available
finance;
• The electronic resources can be access over Internet, which may be ownership or
access right for the journals subscribed. On-line access is available along with
subscription with printed volumes. Electronic resources include e-journals, e-
books, CD-ROM/ DVD Databases, On-Line Databases etc.
• There has been a trend in academic libraries for adopting consortia model for
accessing to electronic resources over Internet. The consortia approach for
subscribing to e-journals and databases has been gaining momentum in India
also and different models are being coming up ad some are running successfully.
These e-journals consortia are, UGC-INFONET E-Journals / Digital Library
Consortium, INDEST Consortium, FORSA Consortium, CSIR Consortium and IIM
Consortium.
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11. Web 2.0 / Library 2.0
• In recent years the Web 1.0 and Library 1.0 have been
transformed into Web 2.0 and Library 2.0 due to drastic
progress in the areas of web technology.;
• The library users are also transforming them as per the latest
technologies which are making them more personalised and
interactive.;
• Therefore the modern library must adopt the emerging
technologies like Web2.0, Library 2.0 by using its tolls like
Blog, the RSS feed, the concept of social networking and
personalize services for effective library and information
services;
• Accordingly users must be empowered to using library
services offered by the libraries through theses tools.
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12. AimsandObjectivesofthePaper
• To highlight an overview of the modernisation
of academic libraries in ICT era;
• To highlight changing format of the library
resources ;
• To examines the types of computer based
services being offered by the academic libraries;
• To examine the Role of Library and Information
Professionals in managing Academic Libraries
and Technical Libraries especially in Assam
University Library;
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13. Aimsand Objectivesof thePaper
• To find out the various methods for
empowering library Professionals and Staff in
academic and Technical Libraries ;
• To discuss the role of INFLIBNET, DELNET and
other Agencies for offering In-Service Training
to Library and Information Professionals for
managing modern libraries ; and
• To suggest ways and means to provide pro-
active library and information services to the
end users of modern library and information
centers.
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14. Concept of Empowerment
• Empowerment is a buzzword generally used that either
generates enthusiasm or disinterest;
• Major changes in libraries in recent years have
resulted in the need for new or expanded skills and
abilities;
• These changes include the implementation of new
technologies such as computer-based cataloguing,
automated circulation systems, and online access to
machine-readable bibliographic databases, and the
development and formalization of personnel policies
and procedures;
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15. Concept of Empowerment (Contd..)
• Increased students expectation and demands have also kept all
media centre and library staff challenged, and working longer
hours.
• In the past, staff development and in-house training of any type
were merely considered luxuries in many libraries.
• Previously, although library administrators generally agreed
that continuing education, staff development and training were
essential goals of any organization, but in reality, staff
development and training programmes were perceived by both
staff and administration as a self contained unit to separate
entity, rather than an integral part of library activities and the
development of every individual in the organization.
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16. Concept of Empowerment
(Contd..)
• It is only until the recent decade that staff
development and training have received increasing
emphasis, as is indicated by the numerous articles,
conference papers, and committee discussions on the
tropic;
• Nowadays, even library staffing patterns have been
further complicated by the need to adapt to the
proliferation and infusion of many more new
technologies, as technology becomes increasingly
complex, it requires more expertise to plan, install,
and maintain it;
• Faced with the prospect of extinction, most librarians
have chosen to redefine their roles, their mission, and
their profession.
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17. Concept of Empowerment
(Contd..)
• According to Christopher (2003) the
empowered employees fully realize their
potential for achieving a motivated staff,
namely the increased competition for funds,
customers, staff, and professional librarians;
• The quality of active listening is the building
block of effective communication, creating
shared vision and trust, defining the role of a
library manager in an empowered library,
developing team skills, and growing emotional
intelligence.
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18. Defining Empowerment
• The term empowerment covers a vast landscape
of meanings, interpretations, definitions and
disciplines ranging from psychology and
philosophy to the highly commercialized self-
help industry and motivational sciences;
• Sociological empowerment often addresses
members of groups that social discrimination
processes have excluded from decision-making
processes through - for example - discrimination
based on disability, race, ethnicity, religion, or
gender. Empowerment as a methodology is often
associated with feminism.
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19. The Process of Empowerment
• The process of empowerment enables individuals /groups
to fully access personal / collective power, authority and
influence, and to employ that strength when engaging
with other people, institutions or society.
• In other words, “Empowerment is not giving people
power; people already have plenty of power, in the wealth
of their knowledge and motivation, to do their jobs
magnificently. We define empowerment as letting this
power out (Blanchard, K)."
• It encourages people to gain the skills and knowledge that
will allow them to overcome obstacles in life or work
environment and ultimately, help them develop within
themselves or in the society.
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20. Empowerment includes the following, or
similar, capabilities
• The ability to make decisions about personal/collective
circumstances;
• The ability to access information and resources for decision-
making ;
• Ability to consider a range of options from which to choose (not
just yes/no, either/or ) ;
• Ability to exercise assertiveness in collective decision making;
• Having positive-thinking about the ability to make change ;
• Ability to learn and access skills for improving personal/collective
circumstance;
• Ability to inform others’ perceptions though exchange, education
and engagement;
• Involving in the growth process and changes that is never ending
and self-initiated ;
• Increasing one's positive self-image and overcoming stigma ; and
• Increasing one's ability in discreet thinking to sort out right and
wrong
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21. Changing Role of Library and Information
• Naik and Horakeri, 2009 Identified following Roles of LIS Professionals :
• A vision towards information and knowledge rich society;
• Library functions in information and knowledge-based
society;
• Knowledge-based economy – information & knowledge as
drivers to boost the economy;
• Information management recognized as an important
discipline;
• Information recognized as commodity (information
brokerage, information entrepreneurship, fee-based
information);
• Integrated and widespread ICT applications;
• Mushrooming of information systems – need for Information
System Management;
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22. Changing Role of Library and Information
• Rama Devi (2007) highlights the role of librarians in the
changing era.
• Administrator of the Routine Library Work;
• Communicator with Users, publishers, suppliers and
authorities;
• Manager of man , materials and resources;
• Planner of Finance and other Requirements;
• Designer and developer of Information Products and
Services;
• Implementer of new tools and techniques;
• Advisor on infrastructure like building, furniture and
fixture;
• Analyser of environment prevailing in the host institutions
in anticipation of threats and Opportunity; and
• Monitor of Library Usage and readership.
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23. Changing Role of Library and Information
• Role of digital/electronic/virtual librarian has changed ;
• Librarians are designated as cyber librarians;
• Competency- based assessment/training;
• Access role replace custodial role;
• Customer-focused/customer-centered, user oriented
approach in provision of services;
• Strategic alliances, partnership and collaborations;
• Librarians need new management knowledge and
skills;
• Specialized knowledge & skills in library and
information management; and
• Trend to develop digital contents to facilitate access.
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24. Skills and Abilities to be acquired by the
Librarians/ LIS Professionals and Staff
• Managerial Skills;
• Organizational Skills;
• Technical Skills;
• Communication and Human Relations Skills/
Public Relation Skills;
• Marketing of Library Products and Services Skills;
• Consultancy Skills;
• Outreach and Library Development Skills;
• ICT Handling Skills;
• Teaching-Learning Skills;
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25. Changing Role of LIS Professionals
• Kamila, Biswas and Das (2011) pointed out the different roles of librarians
for managing the changing demands of the library users in the changing
environment
• Search Intermediary;
• Facilitator of e-resources;
• End User Trainer/ Educator;
• Web Site designer/ publisher;
• Interface Designer for accessing Digital Repositories;
• Knowledge Manager / Professionals;
• Shifter of information Resources;
• Information Architecture;
• Information Scientist/ Specialists;
• Information Consultants;
• Information Marketing Officer;
• Information Provider;
• Academic and Researchers;
• Collection Developer / Manager;
• Resource Preserver;
• Institutional Repositories Developer; and many more.
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26. Role of Library Networks and Other Professional Associations
for Empowering Library Professionals and Library End- Users
• INFLIBNET Centre , Ahmedababd ;
• DELNET (Developing Library Network); and
• Many Library and Information Science Professional
organizations / Associations have been taking lead role
in organizing various:
– Short Training Programmes ,
– In-Service Programme,
– Workshops, Conferences ,Seminar ,
– User Awareness Programme for Access to E-Resources etc
for Library and Information Professionals , Staff and
Library Users
– for making them empower to provide right information to
the right users at right time and at the same time the
library users may be able to identify and locate right
information for their academic and research purposes.
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27. Role of INFLIBNET for Developing Human Resource
and Empowering LIS Professionals and End Users
• In INFLIBNET Centre, there has been a
separate wing for developing
– Human Resources of Indian Academic and
Technical Libraries and other core and working
staff for successfully managing the college and
university libraries of India.
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28. Major Activities of HRD Group
• HRD Group of INFLIBNET has been Organising following
Programmes :
• Training Courses ;
• Workshops/Seminars ;
• Specialised training programmes/workshops/courses ;
• Onsite Training Programmes ;
• Tutorials ;
• CALIBER (Convention on Automation of Libraries in
Education and Research Institutes);
• PLANNER (Promotion of Library Automation and Networking
in North Eastern Region) ;
• Preparing libraries for Automation ;
• Funding of Universities (through UGC) ; and
• Follow up of assistance, and managing the INFLIBNET Centre
Library
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29. Orientation and Refresher Course organized in
Universities under UGC Sponsorship
• UGC Academic Staff Colleges scattered throughout the country in many Universities
and Institutions of higher learning have provision for organizing
– One month duration Orientation Programme and
– 21 Days Duration Refresher Courses every year.
– Some of the prominent Academic Staff Colleges of India are
• H.P. University, Shimla;,
• Jadavpur University, Kolkata;
• North Eastern Hill University (NEHU) , Shillong;
• Mizoram University, Aizawl;
• Gauhati University, Guwahati;
• Calcutta University, Kolkata;
• Burdwan University, Burdwan;
• Kalyani University, Kalyani;
• Sambalpur University, Sambalpur;
• Pondichery University, Pudduchery,
• Goa University, Goa and many more.
• Manipur University, Imphal
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30. Orientation and Refresher Course organized in
Universities under UGC Sponsorship (Contd..)
• These universities have well equipped Academic Staff College
which organizes regularly Refresher and Orientation
Programme for Assistant Librarians, Assistant Professors/
Lecturer, Asst Professor/ Lecturer (Sr. Scale) and Short Term
Workshop for senior Library and Information professionals/
Library Administrators regularly.
• Attending these courses are mandatory for the College
Librarians, Assistant Librarians, Sr. Scale / Selection Grade
Asst Librarians, College Librarians and Lecturer/ Assistant
Professor of Library and Information Science professionals
for their placement in higher scales as per the provision of
UGC Regulations.
• In this way library and Information Professionals acquire
new knowledge and update or refresh their knowledge on
the modern trends of library services and activities.
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31. Short Term Training Programmes by other Professional
Associations / Bodies
• DELNET (Developing Library Network) ,
• MANLIBNET ,
• other regional and metropolitan library networks ,
• Library Professional Associations like Indian Library Association (ILA),
• Indian Association of Special Library and Information Centres (IASLIC),
• Tamil Nadu Library Association (TLA),
• Uttar Pradesh Library Association (UPLA),
• Assam College Librarians Association (ACLA),
• Assam Library Association (ALA),
• Manipur Library Association (MALA) ,
• Bengal Library Association ( BLA)
• Jharkhand Information and Library Association (JILA),
• All India Association of Teachers of Library and Information Sciences (AITALIS),
• SALIS,
• Delhi Library Association (DLA)
• Organises short term training programmes pertaining to ICT Application in Library Activities,
Library Automation and Networking, Application of Open Source Library Software (Koha,
NewGenlib) , National , Regional Seminars, conventions , workshops and conferences. The library
and information professionals are empowered to work in changing environments for managing a
modern libraries and information centres of India.
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32. Organizing Training and Seminar, Workshops and Conferences
by College , University , and Institutional Libraries /
Department of Library and Information Science
• The college libraries, university/ institutional libraries, department of library and
information Sciences, Institutional Libraries have also started organizing
– Short term training programme ,
– Workshops, seminar, conferences for college librarians , University Library
Professionals and staff faculty members from the department of library and
information science with the financial assistance received from various
funding agencies like
– Ministry of Culture, govt. of India (through National Library,
– Central Reference Library, , Kolkata;
– IGNCA, New Delhi ) , Ministry of Communication and Information
Technology,
– North Eastern Regional Centre (NEC) ,
– University Grants Commission (MHRD) ,
– INFLINET Centre, and
– many NGO.
– Other Private Institutions / Universities have also started organizing
Training Programme , Seminar and Conferences like ICDL (TERI), ETTLIS (
Jaypee University, Shimla), ICLAM( NIFT, New Delhi) etc.
• ICSSR and NASSDOC, DESIDOC, also provides funds for organizing training
programmes, seminars, workshops and conferences.July 29, 2014 32
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33. Steps Taken by Assam University, Silchar for
Empowerment of LIS Professionals and Library Users
• Library Orientation Programme
• User Awareness Programme for E-Resources/ Internet
Awareness and Training Programme
• Organise Workshop, Seminar, Conferences/ Hands –On –
Practice of Computer/ Internet/ E-Resources Usage;
• Empowering Library and Information Professionals
– PLANNER -2005 (Organized with INFLIBNET and Assam
University, Library, Silchar during November 2005);
– User Awareness Programme for Accessing to E-Journals (
organized jointly by INFLIBNET Centre, Ahmedabad and Assam
University Library during November 2005);
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34. Steps Taken by Assam University, Silchar for
Empowerment of LIS Professionals and Library Users
• National Seminar on Collection Development (NSCD-2011) organized jointly the
Department of Library and Information Science , Assam University, Silchar and
Central Reference Library (CRL) Kolkata sponsored by the Ministry of Culture,
Govt. of India;
•
• N-LIST Awareness Programme for College Librarians and Library and Information
Professionals of Assam (Organised jointly by INFLIBNET Centre, Ahmedabad and
Rabindra Library, Assam University, Silchar on August 23, 2011);
•
• E-Resources Awareness Programme for LIS Professionals ( Organized jointly by
INFLIBNET Centre, Ahmedabad and Assam University Library during November
2005);
•
• Librarians ‘ Day , 2009, 2010, 2011 (Organised jointly by the Department of
Library and Information Science and Rabindra Library , Assam University, Silchar).
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35. Suggestions and Recommendations
• Empowering Library Users for ICT / Internet/
E-Resources Usage;
• Solution of the Problems faced by the Library
Users;
• Conducing Users Study;
• To Organize User Awareness Programme;
• Pro-active Role of Library Professional;
• To Develop State-of –the Art ICT
Infrastructure at University;
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36. Conclusion
• In the present day context of information and knowledge
society where information / knowledge has been
generation at an exponential rate due to impact of
information revolution and electronic publishing, many
traditional as well as electronic resources have been
published by the world class publishers dealing with the
scholarly contents.
• For making optimum and effective utilisation of these
resources, the library users associated with academic and
technical libraries where users are engaged in active
research , there is an urgent need to organise User
Education Programme for the Library Users time to time so
that they can be empowered to use the available resources
and also able to search the desired information from the
world of knowledge.
•
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37. Conclusion
• The success of any academic / technical library depends upon the users
who can utilise the resources for their academic and research works for
giving more output in terms of knowledge generation, research findings,
patent, text books, advanced level books, journal articles and
empowered manpower to lead the nation.
• If any library may be very rich in collection is not utilised by the library
users effectively, then there is no meaning of investing criers of rupees
for the procurement of reading materials and electronic resources.
• Therefore academic and technical libraries should procure library
resources judiciously as per their requirement for which time to time we
must do user studies to know their actual requirements.
• Therefore the User Study and User Education are important for providing
the right information to the right users and right time. Empowering Users
in the Digital environment has become an urgent need for the effective
utilization of library resources for high quality research output and
productivity in terms of empowered human resources.
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38. Thanks
and
Have A Nice Day
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