SOM-153 is the third class in the Missional Discipleship program of SEATS Schools of Missions. SEATS SOM Level 1, Track 2

1. SOM-14 Understanding Jesus: Gospel of John
This
class
will
examine
how
Filipinos
view
Jesus
Christ
and
how
that
view
can
be
reconciled
with
the
biblical
presentation
of
who
Jesus
is.
How
can
I
bring
a
biblical
understanding
of
Christ
into
my
ministry?

2. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
1
SOM-­14
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
“John
always
refers
to
Jesus’
miracles
as
“signs,”
a
word
emphasizing
the
significance
of
the
action
rather
than
the
marvel.”1
These
signs
are
more
than
significant
in
that
John
does
not
use
the
word
“miracle”
to
describe.
John
consistently
refers
to
Jesus’
mighty
works
as
“signs.”
A
miracle
underscores
power
and
is
generally
received
with
awe.
A
sign
is
revelatory,
disclosing
something
from
God,
something
hidden
before.
The
signs
are
not
merely
acts
of
power
and
might,
they
unveil
that
God
is
at
work
in
Jesus
and
indeed
is
present
in
him.
This
is
an
essential
affirmation
for
John,
and
it
moves
to
the
center
of
what
he
affirms
about
Jesus.
Jesus
is
not
merely
a
man;
he
is
more,
he
conveys
the
presence
of
God
in
the
world
(John
1:14).2
Signs
and
Wonders
in
the
OT
“…
the
reference
is
almost
always
to
the
leading
of
the
people
out
of
Egypt
by
Moses
and
to
the
special
circumstances
under
which
the
people
stood
up
to
the
passage
of
the
Red
Sea
and
in
all
of
which
God
proved
Himself
to
be
the
Almighty
and
showed
Israel
to
be
His
chosen
people.”3
“At
the
same
time,
however,
the
shmeion
which
Jesus
does
show
that
the
age
of
Moses
is
not
just
repeated
in
Him;
it
is
surpassed
in
Him
as
He
Himself
in
His
person
and
what
He
brings
infinitely
surpasses
Moses,
J
1:17.
…
they
make
it
apparent
for
all
to
see
that
Jesus
is
in
fact
more
than
a
new
Moses,
for
Jesus
acts
as
God,
and
therein
He
shows
Himself
to
be
the
Son
of
God.”4
So
whenever
we
read
the
word
shmeion
in
John
we
need
to
think
back
to
the
Exodus
of
Israel
from
Egypt.
John
is
telling
us
that
Jesus
is
identifies
with
that
action
through
his
performance
of
these
signs.
What
John
also
shows
us,
however,
is
that
Jesus
is
not
just
like
Moses;
rather
he
is
greater
than
Moses
and
thus
worthy
of
greater
respect.
1
Leon
Morris,
Commentary
on
John,
in
International
Bible
Society,
The
NIV
Study
Bible,
ed.
Kenneth
Barker
(Grand
Rapids,
MI:
The
Zondervan
Corporation,
1985).
2
Gary
Burge
in
Michael
Carpenter,
New
Conversation
@
Matthew's
Table,
April
14,
2009,
http://www.shapevine.com/pg/blog/michaelcarpenter/read/10668/new-­‐conversation-­‐
matthews-­‐table
(accessed
August
10,
2010).
3
Karl
Heinrich
Rengstorf,
SEMEION,
Vol.
7,
in
Theological
Dictionary
of
the
New
Testament,
ed.
Gerhard
Friedrich,
trans.
Geoffrey
W.
Bromiley,
200-­‐261
(Grand
Rapids,
MI:
William
B.
Eerdmans
Publishing
Company,
1971),
216.
4
Karl
Heinrich
Rengstorf,
SEMEION,
Vol.
7,
in
Theological
Dictionary
of
the
New
Testament,
ed.
Gerhard
Friedrich,
trans.
Geoffrey
W.
Bromiley,
200-­‐261
(Grand
Rapids,
MI:
William
B.
Eerdmans
Publishing
Company,
1971),
257.

3. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
2
The
purpose
of
the
signs
is
“to
convince
people
that
the
Christ,
the
Son
of
God,
is
Jesus.”
So
how
do
these
signs
“breed
faith
in
Jesus?”5
1. The
Sign
of
Turning
the
Water
into
Wine
[John
2:1-­‐11]
a. 2:11
“This
beginning
of
miracles
did
Jesus
in
Cana
of
Galilee,
and
manifested
forth
his
glory;
and
his
disciples
believed
on
him.”
i. What
did
this
reveal
about
Jesus?
ii. Signifies
the
“replacement
of
the
old
purifications
by
the
wine
of
the
kingdom
of
God…”6
2. The
Sign
of
The
Healing
of
the
Nobleman’s
Son
[John
4:46-­‐54]
a. 4:48
“Then
said
Jesus
unto
him,
Except
ye
see
signs
and
wonders,
ye
will
not
believe.”
b. 4:54
“This
is
again
the
second
miracle
that
Jesus
did,
when
he
was
come
out
of
Judaea
into
Galilee.”
3. The
Sign
of
Feeding
a
Huge
Crowd
[John
6:1-­‐15]
a. 6:2
“And
a
great
multitude
followed
him,
because
they
saw
his
miracles
which
he
did
on
them
that
were
diseased.”
b. 6:14
“Then
those
men,
when
they
had
seen
the
miracle
that
Jesus
did,
said,
This
is
of
a
truth
that
prophet
that
should
come
into
the
world.”
4. The
Sign
of
Walking
on
the
Water
[John
6:16-­‐29]
a. 6:26
“Jesus
answered
them
and
said,
Verily,
verily,
I
say
unto
you,
Ye
seek
me,
not
because
ye
saw
the
miracles,
but
because
ye
did
eat
of
the
loaves,
and
were
filled.”
i. Jesus
is
saying
they
should
be
looking
at
the
significance
of
the
signs
he
is
performing
rather
than
the
effect
those
signs
have
on
their
own
personal
lives.
“Something
really
great
is
happening
here
but
you
are
only
concerned
about
yourselves!”
Does
this
speak
to
our
tendency
to
focus
on
what
God
can
do
for
us
rather
than
on
what
God
is
doing
for
the
world?
5. The
Sign
of
The
Healing
of
a
Man
Born
Blind
[John
9:1-­‐41]
a. 9:16
“Therefore
said
some
of
the
Pharisees,
This
man
is
not
of
God,
because
he
keepeth
not
the
sabbath
day.
Others
said,
How
can
a
man
that
is
a
sinner
do
such
miracles?
And
there
was
a
division
among
them.”
i.
Some
didn’t
recognise
the
signs
because
they
misunderstood
his
actions.
6. The
Sign
of
Raising
Lazarus
from
the
Dead
[John
11:1-­‐48]
a. 11:47
“Then
gathered
the
chief
priests
and
the
Pharisees
a
council,
and
said,
What
do
we?
for
this
man
doeth
many
miracles.”
5
D.A.
Carson,
The
Gospel
According
to
John
(Grand
Rapids,
MI:
Wm.
B.
Eerdmans
Publishing
Company,
1991),
167.
6
C.H.
Dodd,
Interpretation
of
the
Fourth
Gospel
(Cambridge:
University
Press,
1953),
297,
in
D.A.
Carson,
The
Gospel
According
to
John
(Grand
Rapids,
MI:
Wm.
B.
Eerdmans
Publishing
Company,
1991),
166.

4. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
3
i. The
ultimate
in
compromise!
Even
though
we
know
these
are
signs
that
prove
Jesus
is
from
God,
if
we
let
God
do
his
will,
we
will
lose
out
on
all
that
we
have
going
for
us
here.
1. Shows
a
remarkable
lack
of
understanding
of
the
love
of
God
as
well
as
a
lack
of
dependence
upon
him.
They
thought
the
life
they
had
on
earth
was
better
than
the
life
in
the
Kingdom
of
God.
They
forgot
about
that
I
guess.
7. The
Sign
of
Being
raised
from
the
Dead
Himself
[John
2:18-­‐19]
a. 2:18
“Then
answered
the
Jews
and
said
unto
him,
What
sign
shewest
thou
unto
us,
seeing
that
thou
doest
these
things?”
b. Signifies
“…
the
replacement
of
…
the
old
temple
by
the
new
in
the
risen
Lord
…”7
8. The
Sign
of
the
New
Birth
[John
3:1-­‐21]
a. 3:2
“The
same
came
to
Jesus
by
night,
and
said
unto
him,
Rabbi,
we
know
that
thou
art
a
teacher
come
from
God:
for
no
man
can
do
these
miracles
that
thou
doest,
except
God
be
with
him.”
b. Signifies
“…
an
exposition
of
new
birth
for
new
creation
…”8
2:23
“Now
when
he
was
in
Jerusalem
at
the
passover,
in
the
feast
day,
many
believed
in
his
name,
when
they
saw
the
miracles
which
he
did.”
Note
the
juxtaposition
of
the
“Passover”
and
the
“Signs”
Jesus
performed.
6:30
“They
said
therefore
unto
him,
What
sign
shewest
thou
then,
that
we
may
see,
and
believe
thee?
what
dost
thou
work?”
7:31
“And
many
of
the
people
believed
on
him,
and
said,
When
Christ
cometh,
will
he
do
more
miracles
than
these
which
this
man
hath
done?”
10:41
“And
many
resorted
unto
him,
and
said,
John
did
no
miracle:
but
all
things
that
John
spake
of
this
man
were
true.”
12:18
“For
this
cause
the
people
also
met
him,
for
that
they
heard
that
he
had
done
this
miracle.”
12:37
“But
though
he
had
done
so
many
miracles
before
them,
yet
they
believed
not
on
him:”
20:30
“And
many
other
signs
truly
did
Jesus
in
the
presence
of
his
disciples,
which
are
not
written
in
this
book:”
7
C.H.
Dodd,
Interpretation
of
the
Fourth
Gospel
(Cambridge:
University
Press,
1953),
297
in
D.A.
Carson,
The
Gospel
According
to
John
(Grand
Rapids,
MI:
Wm.
B.
Eerdmans
Publishing
Company,
1991),
166.
8
C.H.
Dodd,
Interpretation
of
the
Fourth
Gospel
(Cambridge:
University
Press,
1953),
297
in
D.A.
Carson,
The
Gospel
According
to
John
(Grand
Rapids,
MI:
Wm.
B.
Eerdmans
Publishing
Company,
1991),
166.

5. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
4
I
AM
Formula
Jesus
uses
a
very
significant
phrase
repeatedly
throughout
John.
In
is
significant
to
note
that
this
phrase
is
exclusively
used
on
the
lips
of
Jesus
in
John.
This
phrase,
however,
is
meaningless
unless
we
understand
Exodus
3:14,
where
God
gives
his
name
to
Moses
at
the
burning
bush.
Ex
3:14
–
God
answered
Moses,
"I
Am
Who
I
Am
(YHWH).
This
is
what
you
must
say
to
the
people
of
Israel:
'I
Am
(YHWH)
has
sent
me
to
you.'"
Table
1
The
Seven
"I
AM"
Statements
of
Jesus
in
John
Verse
I
AM
the
…
He
who
…
Response
6:35,4 bread
of
life
“…
comes
to
me
will
“The
Jews
began
to
grumble
about
1,
never
be
hungry,
&
he
him
…
‘Is
this
not
Jesus,
the
son
of
48,51
who
believes
in
me
will
Joseph,
whose
father
&
mother
we
never
be
thirsty”
know?”
“everyone
who
looks
to
“The
Jews
began
to
argue
sharply
the
Son
&
believes
in
him
among
themselves,
“How
can
this
shall
have
eternal
life
…”
man
give
us
his
flesh
to
eat?”
“a
man
may
eat
&
never
“This
is
a
hard
teaching.
Who
can
die.”
accept
it?
…
his
disciples
were
“If
anyone
eats
of
this
grumbling
about
this
…
‘does
this
bread,
he
will
live
offend
you?’”
forever.”
“many
of
his
disciples
turned
back
&
no
longer
followed
him.”
“‘Lord
to
whom
shall
we
go?
You
have
the
words
of
eternal
life.
We
believe
&
know
that
you
are
the
Holy
One
of
God.’”
8:12
light
of
the
“…
follows
me
will
never
“The
Pharisees
challenged
him,
(9:5)9
world
walk
in
darkness,
but
will
‘Your
testimony
is
not
valid.’”
have
the
light
of
life.”
10:7,9
gate
for
the
“…
enters
through
me
will
“At
these
words
the
Jews
were
sheep
be
saved.”
again
divided.”
[Is
Jesus
Demon-­‐
possessed
or
not?]
10:11,
good
shepherd
“I
know
my
sheep
&
my
“At
these
words
the
Jews
were
14
sheep
know
me.”
“There
again
divided.”
[Is
Jesus
Demon-­‐
will
be
one
flock
&
one
possessed
or
not?]
shepherd.”
11:25
resurrection
&
“…
believes
in
my
will
“I
believe
you
are
the
Christ,
the
9
These
two
“light
of
the
world”
statements
gird
the
whole
discussion
of
Jesus’
authority
that
climax
in
his
unreserved
declaration
to
be
“I
AM.”
That
Jesus
was
understood
to
be
claiming
to
be
the
YHWH
of
Ex
3:14
is
evidenced
by
the
fact
the
Jews
immediately
sought
to
stone
him.

6. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
5
the
life
live,
even
though
he
dies.”
Son
of
God,
who
was
to
come
into
the
world.”
14:6
way,
the
truth,
&
“No
one
comes
to
the
“Lord,
show
us
the
Father
&
that
the
life
Father
except
through
will
be
enough
for
us.”
me.”
15:1,5
true
vine
“If
a
man
remains
in
me
&
[no
response
recorded]
I
in
him,
he
will
bear
much
fruit.”
Table
2
The
Other
"I
AM"
statements
of
Jesus
in
John
Verse
Statement
Kausap
Response
4:26
“I
who
speak
to
you
Woman
at
the
well
“Come,
see
a
man
who
told
me
am
he.”
everything
I
ever
did.
Could
this
be
the
Christ?”
6:20
“It
is
I;
don’t
be
Disciples
in
boat
Then
they
were
willing
to
take
afraid”
him
into
the
boat
[after
having
been
too
terrified
before].
8:24
“If
you
do
not
People;
Pharisees;
Jews;
“Who
are
you?”
believe
that
I
am
…”
8:28
“…
then
you
will
People;
Pharisees;
Jews;
“Even
as
he
spoke,
many
put
know
that
I
am
…”
their
faith
in
him.”
8:58
“before
Abraham
the
Jews
who
had
“They
picked
up
stones
to
stone
was,
I
am!”
believed
him
him
…”
13:19
“I
am
he.”10
Disciples
&
Apostles
“Jesus
was
troubled
in
spirit.”
18:5,6
“I
am
he.” 11
Judas,
soldiers,
priests,
“…
they
drew
back
&
fell
to
the
Pharisees
ground.”
18:8
“I
am
he.”
Judas,
soldiers,
priests,
“Peter
…
struck
the
High
priest’s
Pharisees
servant,
cutting
off
his
right
ear.”
“The
soldiers
…
arrested
Him.”
1.
Moses
• What
John
shows
us
is
that
Jesus
is
not
just
like
Moses;
rather
he
is
greater
than
Moses
&
thus
worthy
of
greater
respect.
2.
Abraham
• Jews:
We
are
saved
because
of
Abraham.
• Jesus:
You
are
saved
because
of
Me!
10
This
would
be
proven
by
the
fact
that
Jesus
knew
he
would
be
betrayed.
11
v6
is
merely
a
quotation
of
v5
that
lets
us
know
the
reaction
of
Judas
and
of
the
soldiers,
priests,
and
Pharisees
to
Jesus’
statement.

7. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
6
3.
Father
“In
John’s
Gospel
apostellein
(apostellein)
is
used
by
Jesus
when
his
concern
is
to
ground
His
authority
in
that
of
God
as
the
One
who
is
responsible
for
His
words
and
works
and
who
guarantees
their
right
and
truth.
On
the
other
hand,
He
uses
the
formula
o pemqav me
(ho
pempsas
me
pater)
to
affirm
the
participation
of
God
in
his
work
in
the
actio
of
his
sending.”
4.
Me
The
final
theme
of
John
is
“Me.”
So
what
does
all
of
this
mean
for
you
and
me?
In
order
to
understand
that,
we
need
to
look
at
a
traditional
model
of
how
the
church
relates
to
mission:
Notice
that
is
is
very
church
centered.
It
also
almost
seems
like
God
has
to
join
what
the
church
is
doing
rather
than
the
church
joining
what
God
is
doing.
God
is
almost
limited
to
doing
what
the
church
does.
The
church
saves;
the
church
gives
blessings;
the
church
grows;
and
the
church
transforms
the
world.
Something
seems
to
be
backwards
about
this!
Another
option
sees
mission
as
coming
from
God
himself:
He
is
not
dependent
upon
the
church
nor
is
he
limited
by
the
church
in
what
he
does
in
his
mission!
God
is
the
one
who
sends
the
Son,
the
Spirit
AND
the
church
on
HIS
mission.
“Our
missionary
activities
are
only
authentic
insofar
as
they
reflect
participation
in
the
mission
of
God.”

8. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
7
So
if
Jesus
sends
us
“as
the
Father
has
sent
him,”
let’s
look
at
“Sent”
words
in
the
Bible
to
see
Jesus’
&
our
mission.
“Sent”
words
in
John
apostellw Apostello: The
Commission
27x
in
John
John
1:6,19,24;
3:17,28,34;
4:38;
5:33,36,38;
6:29,57;
7:29,32;
8:42;
9:7;
10:36;
11:3,42;
17:3,8,18,21,23,25;
18:24;
20:21
Pempw Pempo:
The
Sending
32x
in
John
John
5:37;
6:38-­‐40,44;
7:16,18,28,33;
8:16,18,26,29;
9:4;
12:44,45,49;
13:16,20;
14:24,26;
15:21,26;
16:5,7;
20:21
“In
John’s
Gospel
apostellein
is
used
by
Jesus
when
his
concern
is
to
ground
His
authority
in
that
of
God
as
the
One
who
is
responsible
for
His
words
and
works
and
who
guarantees
their
right
and
truth.
On
the
other
hand,
He
uses
the
formula
o
pemqav
me
(pater)
to
affirm
the
participation
of
God
in
his
work
in
the
actio
of
his
sending.”
The
Johannine
Great
Commission
Jesus’
prayer
…
“As
thou
didst
send
me
into
the
world,
so
I
have
sent
them
into
the
world”
(17:18).
…
Jesus’
commission
“As
the
Father
has
sent
me,
even
so
I
send
you”
(20:21).
“Jesus
…
made
his
mission
the
model
of
ours,
saying
‘as
the
Father
sent
me,
so
I
send
you.’
Therefore
our
understanding
of
the
church’s
mission
must
be
deduced
from
our
understanding
of
the
Son’s.”12
John
14:12
"I
can
guarantee
this
truth:
Those
who
believe
in
me
will
do
the
things
that
I
am
doing.
They
will
do
even
greater
things
because
I
am
going
to
the
Father.
12
John
R.W.
Stott,
Christian
Mission
in
the
Modern
World
(Downers
Grove,
IL:
InterVarsity,
1975),
23.

9. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
8
John
4:1-­42
–
Exposition
This
is
a
practice
in
Hermeneutics.
Our
assignment
is
to
understand
what
John
4
is
all
about
(The
Woman
at
the
Well).
1. Please
read
the
story
in
John
4:1-­‐42
and
use
our
interpretive
method,
COMCA,
on
it.
2. Then
read
the
explanation
below.
Context.
Before
we
begin
the
process
of
interpreting
John
4,
we
need
to
see
its
context
within
the
Gospel
of
John.
What
events
have
happened
in
the
first
three
chapters
that
will
help
us
understand
the
fourth?
Are
there
any
concepts
or
ideas
that
John
uses
here
that
can
be
explained
by
chapters
1-­‐3?
Conversely,
are
there
any
answers
in
chapter
4
for
questions
raised
in
chapters
1-­‐3?
W5
(Who,
What,
Why,
Where,
&
When)
1.
Who
are
the
people
mentioned
in
the
story?
This
story
mentions
many
different
people
including
the
Lord/Jesus,
Pharisees,
John,
disciples,
Samaritan
woman,
Jews
&
Samaritans
(as
groups
of
people),
God,
5
husbands
(+
1
not-­‐yet
husband),
Father,
Messiah
(Christ),
&
the
people
of
the
city.
2.
Where
does
the
story
take
place?
The
story
takes
place
on
the
road
from
Jerusalem
to
Galilee,
in
a
village
of
Samaria
named
Sychar,
near
the
well
Jacob
had
given
to
his
son
Joseph
(see
on
vv.
5-­‐6,
below).
3.
When
does
the
story
take
place?
The
story
takes
place
sometime
after
the
first
Passover
of
Jesus’
official
ministry
(2:13).
Jesus
is
on
his
way
back
to
Galilee.
4.
What
is
happening
in
the
story?
He
travels
through
Samaria
&
meets
a
woman
with
whom
he
has
a
conversation.
The
result
is
that
not
only
the
woman
becomes
saved,
the
whole
town
becomes
saved
as
well.
5.
What
words
does
John
use
that
have
significance
in
his
writings?
Truth,
Father,
water,
living
water,
food,
the
world,
witness.
We
will
look
at
some
of
these
words
during
the
explanation,
below.
Explanation.
1
Now
when
the
Lord
knew
that
the
Pharisees
had
heard
that
Jesus
was
making
&
baptizing
more
disciples
than
John
…”

10. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
9
4
“He
had
to
pass
through
Samaria.”
Samaria
is
between
Jerusalem
&
Galilee.
There
were
two
roads
to
take,
one
crossed
the
Jordan
&
travelled
north
on
the
eastern
side
of
the
river.
The
other
went
straight
through
Samaria.
Jesus
wanted
to
leave
Judea
in
a
hurry
(see
on
v.
1,
above)
&
so
he
chose
the
most
direct
route
possible.
“It
was
about
the
sixth
hour.”
“There
came
a
woman
of
Samaria
to
draw
water.”
The
sixth
hour
was
about
12:00
PM
(noon).
In
a
country
that
is
desert,
it
is
strange
to
see
someone
working
in
the
hot
sun.
Why
was
she
going
to
the
well
at
this
time?
“Jesus
said
to
her,
"Give
me
a
drink."
This
statement
seems
simple
enough
–
here
is
a
man,
tired
after
walking
a
long
way
in
the
desert.
He
sees
a
well
&
wants
a
drink.
But
why
does
he
have
to
ask
a
stranger?
Doesn’t
he
have
a
group
of
disciples
who
can
help
him?
Where
are
they?
8
“For
his
disciples
had
gone
away
into
the
city
to
buy
food.”
Certainly
an
important
task
but
perhaps
they
forgot
something
else.
“The
Samaritan
woman
said
to
him,
‘How
is
it
that
you,
a
Jew,
ask
a
drink
of
me,
a
woman
of
Samaria?’
The
woman
has
an
interesting
response
to
Jesus’
request.
Remember
that
this
is
the
first
time
that
John
has
told
us
about
Samaritans
–
up
to
this
point
we
have
heard
nothing
about
them.
So
how
do
we
know
what
the
problem
is?
The
answer
is
to
look
at
the
context
of
the
verse
in
order
to
see
what
it
means.
The
first
thing
that
we
notice
is
the
next
line:
“For
Jews
have
no
dealings
with
Samaritans.”
According
to
Carson,
the
proper
translation
of
this
verse
should
instead
be,
“Jews
do
not
use
dishes
Samaritans
have
used.”
This
reminds
us
of
the
Jewish
customs
as
described
in
the
Torah,
regarding
cleanliness.
Some
things
make
Jews
unclean
&
God
commands
them
to
stay
away
from
them.
There
is
no
further
information
given
in
the
immediate
context,
so
let’s
look
in
the
rest
of
the
Bible
for
the
answer.
Samaritans:
Origins
2
Kings
17:24-­‐41
tells
about
an
interesting
event
in
the
life
of
Israel.
As
you
know,
the
kingdom
of
Israel
was
divided
after
the
death
of
Solomon
into
Israel
&
Judah.
The
capital
of
Israel
was
located
in
Samaria.
Throughout
the
entire
history
of
Israel
there
were
no
good
kings
–
all
were
evil
&
did
evil
in
the
eyes
of
God.
Because
of
this,
God
sent
the
Assyrian
army
to
carry
Israel
off
into
captivity.
After
carrying
them
off,
the
Assyrian
king
resettled
the
land
with
people
from
other
countries
–
Babylon,
Cuthah,
Avva,
Hamath,
&
Sepharvaim.
Verse
25
tells
us
that
these
new
settlers
did
not
fear
the
LORD
&
so
the
LORD
punished

11. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
10
them.
In
the
end,
the
people
adopted
some
of
the
religious
practices
of
Israel
&
blended
them
with
their
own
religious
practices,
resulting
in
a
religious
mess.
Of
course
all
of
this
meant
that
there
was
a
big
gap
between
the
Jews
&
the
Samaritans.
10
“Jesus
answered
her,
"If
you
knew
the
gift
of
God,
&
who
it
is
that
is
saying
to
you,
‘Give
me
a
drink,’
you
would
have
asked
him,
&
he
would
have
given
you
living
water."
Given
the
difficult
relationship
that
Jews
&
Samaritans
have
with
one
another,
we
are
surprised
that
Jesus
is
even
talking
with
“one
of
them.”
Why?
Notice
that
he
does
not
respond
to
the
woman’s
statement
of
surprise
–
he
simply
continues
on
by
talking
about
a
different
kind
of
water.
What
new
kind
of
water
is
he
talking
about?
This
is
the
first
indication
we
have
the
Jesus
is
looking
for
something
more
than
a
drink.
How
is
it
different
from
what
the
woman
can
give
him?
Is
Jesus
really
thirsty
or
is
he
using
the
situation
to
help
the
woman?
What
is
his
purpose
in
talking
with
the
woman?
11
“The
woman
said
to
him,
"Sir,
you
have
nothing
to
draw
with,
&
the
well
is
deep;
where
do
you
get
that
living
water?
The
woman
has
a
right
to
be
surprised
because
the
well
is
indeed
deep
–
almost
50
metres!
Here
is
a
man
who
has
no
bucket
&
had
just
asked
someone
else
for
a
drink
saying
that
the
water
he
can
get
will
give
her
life?
How
can
he
do
that?
Notice
that
she
still
assumes
he
is
talking
about
real
water
that
comes
from
Jacob’s
well.
Is
he?
Let’s
see.
12
“Are
you
greater
than
our
father
Jacob,
who
gave
us
the
well,
&
drank
from
it
himself,
&
his
sons,
&
his
cattle?"
Can
you
do
better
than
our
father
Jacob
who
had
to
dig
for
50
m
before
reaching
water?
Here
the
reason
for
mentioning
the
place
&
name
of
the
well
in
such
detail
(see
on
vv.
5-­‐6,
above).
13
“Jesus
said
to
her,
"Every
one
who
drinks
of
this
water
will
thirst
again
…”
The
fact
that
the
woman
was
out
there
getting
water
is
proof
of
that.
But
how
is
Jesus’
water
different?
14
“…
but
whoever
drinks
of
the
water
that
I
shall
give
him
will
never
thirst;
the
water
that
I
shall
give
him
will
become
in
him
a
spring
of
water
welling
up
to
eternal
life.”
Jesus’
water
is
more
than
well
water,
it
is
more
than
spring
water.
It
is
water
that
leads
to
eternal
life.
We
finally
see
that
Jesus
is
talking
about
spiritual
water,
&
not
just
drinking
water.
15
The
woman
said
to
him,
"Sir,
give
me
this
water,
that
I
may
not
thirst,
nor
come
here
to
draw."
Does
she
really
understand
what
Jesus
is
saying?
Or
does
she
think
that
he
is
talking
about
real
water
that
she
can
drink
&
won’t
have
to
fetch
any
more?
Is
Jesus
talking
about
something
different?

12. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
11
16-­17
Jesus
said
to
her,
"Go,
call
your
husband,
&
come
here."
The
woman
answered
him,
"I
have
no
husband."
Jesus
said
to
her,
"You
are
right
in
saying,
‘I
have
no
husband’;
18
for
you
have
had
five
husbands,
&
he
whom
you
now
have
is
not
your
husband;
this
you
said
truly."
How
does
this
relate
to
water?
Or
is
Jesus
really
talking
about
satisfaction?
The
water
from
Jacob’s
well
never
satisfies
because
you
always
have
to
return
to
drink
some
more.
The
woman
is
not
living
a
satisfied
life
–
she
is
always
looking
for
another
man
to
spend
it
with.
By
asking
this
question,
Jesus
is
telling
her
that
her
search
is
over
–
he
has
the
very
thing
she
has
been
looking
for.
19-­24
“The
woman
said
to
him,
"Sir,
I
perceive
that
you
are
a
prophet.
Our
fathers
worshiped
on
this
mountain;
&
you
say
that
in
Jerusalem
is
the
place
where
men
ought
to
worship."
Jesus
said
to
her,
"Woman,
believe
me,
the
hour
is
coming
when
neither
on
this
mountain
nor
in
Jerusalem
will
you
worship
the
Father.
You
worship
what
you
do
not
know;
we
worship
what
we
know,
for
salvation
is
from
the
Jews.
But
the
hour
is
coming,
&
now
is,
when
the
true
worshipers
will
worship
the
Father
in
spirit
&
truth,
for
such
the
Father
seeks
to
worship
him.
God
is
spirit,
&
those
who
worship
him
must
worship
in
spirit
&
truth.”
Here
we
see
that
the
woman
finally
gets
the
point
–
Jesus
is
a
holy
man
who
is
talking
about
things
of
God.
She
then
begins
by
stating
some
of
the
differences
of
their
beliefs.
Why?
Does
she
want
to
reject
his
message?
I
don’t
think
so.
Rather
she
may
be
saying
that
she
is
unworthy
to
receive
the
water
Jesus
is
offering
because
her
religious
practices
are
different.
Jesus
says
that
is
not
important.
It
is
not
important
where
you
worship.
What
is
important
is
how
you
worship.
19
“…
on
this
mountain
…”
Mount
Gerizim,
mentioned
in
Genesis
12:7-­‐8;
33:20
&
Deuteronomy
11:29;
27:12
as
a
place
where
the
people
of
Israel
would
be
blessed.
Apparently
the
Samaritans
were
using
it
as
their
centre
of
worship,
since
they
weren’t
allowed
to
use
the
Temple
in
Jerusalem
(cf.
Ezra
4:1-­‐3).
25-­26
“The
woman
said
to
him,
‘I
know
that
Messiah
is
coming
(he
who
is
called
Christ);
when
he
comes,
he
will
show
us
all
things.’
Jesus
said
to
her,
‘I
who
speak
to
you
am
he.’”
Jesus
is
not
in
the
habit
of
telling
people
that
he
is
the
Messiah,
or
Christ.
27
“Just
then
his
disciples
came.
They
marveled
that
he
was
talking
with
a
woman,
but
none
said,
‘What
do
you
wish?’
or,
‘Why
are
you
talking
with
her?’”
28
“So
the
woman
left
her
water
jar,
&
went
away
into
the
city,
&
said
to
the
people,
"Come,
see
a
man
who
told
me
all
that
I
ever
did.
Can
this
be
the
Christ?"
They
went
out
of
the
city
&
were
coming
to
him.”
The
woman,
seeing
that
her
needs
have
been
met,
tells
the
people
of
the
village
to
go
&
see
him
because
he
can
also
help
them.

13. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
12
31-­33
“Meanwhile
the
disciples
besought
him,
saying,
"Rabbi,
eat."
But
he
said
to
them,
"I
have
food
to
eat
of
which
you
do
not
know."
So
the
disciples
said
to
one
another,
"Has
any
one
brought
him
food?"
Just
as
the
woman
doesn’t
understand
what
Jesus
is
saying,
so
also
his
disciples
don’t
understand.
34-­38
“Jesus
said
to
them,
"My
food
is
to
do
the
will
of
him
who
sent
me,
&
to
accomplish
his
work.
Do
you
not
say,
‘There
are
yet
four
months,
then
comes
the
harvest’?
I
tell
you,
lift
up
your
eyes,
&
see
how
the
fields
are
already
white
for
harvest.
He
who
reaps
receives
wages,
&
gathers
fruit
for
eternal
life,
so
that
sower
&
reaper
may
rejoice
together.
For
here
the
saying
holds
true,
‘One
sows
&
another
reaps.’
I
sent
you
to
reap
that
for
which
you
did
not
labor;
others
have
labored,
&
you
have
entered
into
their
labor."
Jesus
closely
connects
his
story
of
the
food
with
the
work
of
the
kingdom
of
God.
His
lesson
is
that
each
person
has
a
role
to
fill
in
the
harvest
of
souls
from
the
world.
Some
sow
&
others
reap.
Perhaps
he
is
teaching
his
disciples
that
it
is
not
important
whether
they
are
great
preachers,
or
great
teachers,
or
great
evangelists
–
the
one
who
plants
the
seed
is
just
as
important
as
the
one
who
harvests
the
fruit
–
all
they
need
to
do
is
their
role.
39
Many
Samaritans
from
that
city
believed
in
him
because
of
the
woman’s
testimony,
"He
told
me
all
that
I
ever
did."
The
concept
of
witness
is
not
new
in
John’s
Gospel.
In
the
prologue
alone
we
see
four
references
to
the
idea
of
John
being
a
witness.
The
word
is
used
another
tewnty-­‐eight
(28)
times
in
John,
ten
(10)
times
in
the
Epistles,
&
three
(3)
&
times
in
Revelation.
The
concept
is
this:
people
experience
the
goodness
of
Jesus
&
in
turn
tell
others
about
that.
Those
others
are
then
able
to
approach
Jesus
for
salvation.
40-­41
So
when
the
Samaritans
came
to
him,
they
asked
him
to
stay
with
them;
&
he
stayed
there
two
days.”
This
shows
that
the
conflict
between
the
Jews
&
the
Samaritans
broke
down
when
the
Samaritans
saw
that
God
really
wanted
them
to
be
saved
as
well.
41-­42
“And
many
more
believed
because
of
his
word.
They
said
to
the
woman,
"It
is
no
longer
because
of
your
words
that
we
believe,
for
we
have
heard
for
ourselves,
&
we
know
that
this
is
indeed…”
Just
as
John
was
not
the
answer
to
the
problems
of
the
world,
so
also
the
woman
was
not
the
answer
to
the
problems
of
the
city.
Instead,
the
people
themselves
were
able
to
meet
&
learn
from
the
answer
–
Jesus
Christ
himself!
“…
the
Savior
of
the
world."
While
John
uses
this
title
only
once
in
his
writings,
the
concept
of
“the
world”
is
common
in
John.
It
occurs
fifty-­‐eight
(58)
times
in
the
Gospel,
eighteen
(18)
times
in
the
Epistles,
&
three
(3)
times
in
the
Revelation.
The
most
famous
usage
is
perhaps
John
3:16,
which
says

14. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
13
that
God
loved
“the
world.”
In
the
modern
day
this
statement
may
not
seem
all
that
strange.
However,
in
the
context
in
which
Jesus
uses
it
in
John
3:16
is
shows
that
God
is
not
only
interested
in
Jews,
he
is
interested
in
all
people,
regardless
of
their
ethnic
background.
In
the
present
passage,
the
Samaritans
use
the
phrase
to
show
their
understanding
that
although
there
is
a
large
separation
between
them
&
the
Jews,
God
still
cares
for
them
&
desires
their
salvation.
Textual
Criticism
–
John
5:1-­7
In
your
readings
for
this
past
week
you
may
have
noticed
that
the
NIV
does
not
include
John
5:3b-­‐4
with
the
rest
of
the
passage.
Rather,
it
places
those
verses
in
a
footnote
and
says,
“Some
less
important
manuscripts
….”
What
does
this
mean?
Why
is
it
not
included
in
NIV
but
included
in
KJV/AV?
The
passage
in
full
reads
as
follows
(The
italicised
portions
are
included
in
the
NIV
footnote):
1
Some
time
later,
Jesus
went
up
to
Jerusalem
for
a
feast
of
the
Jews.
2
Now
there
is
in
Jerusalem
near
the
Sheep
Gate
a
pool,
which
in
Aramaic
is
called
Bethesda
and
which
is
surrounded
by
five
covered
colonnades.
3
Here
a
great
number
of
disabled
people
used
to
lie
–
the
blind,
the
lame,
the
paralysed
–
and
they
waited
for
the
moving
of
the
waters.
4
From
time
to
time
and
angel
of
the
Lord
would
come
down
and
stir
up
the
waters.
The
first
one
into
the
pool
after
each
such
disturbance
would
be
cured
of
whatever
disease
he
had.
5
One
who
was
there
had
been
an
invalid
for
thirty-­‐eight
years.
6
When
Jesus
saw
him
lying
there
and
learned
that
he
had
been
in
this
condition
for
a
long
time,
he
asked
him,
“Do
you
want
to
get
well?”
7
“Sir,”
the
invalid
replied,
“I
have
no
one
to
help
me
into
the
pool
when
the
water
is
stirred.
While
I
am
trying
to
get
in,
someone
else
goes
down
ahead
of
me.”
Imagine,
if
you
will,
your
job
as
a
Bible
translator.
Since
your
goal
is
to
faithfully
translate
the
word
of
God,
you
collect
together
all
the
copies,
or
manuscripts,
of
the
Bible
that
you
have.
You
also
realise
that
since
there
were
no
Xerox
machines
for
most
of
the
history
of
the
Bible,
the
copies
you
have
will
be
handwritten.
Scribes
throughout
the
years
will
have
painstakingly
copied
these
handwritten
copies.
While
the
scribes
were
very
good
at
their
jobs,
sometimes
problems
would
arise,
as
follows:
1. Typographical
errors
would
be
made.
2. Notes
or
verses
would
be
added
to
make
the
Bible
easier
to
understand.
3. Words
that
the
scribes
thought
wrong
would
be
“corrected.”
a. Eg.
“Gusto
ko
ang
tubig”
would
be
changed
to
“Gusto
ko
ng
tubig”
because
it
is
more
grammatically
correct.
However,
it
is
also
correct
to
use
ang
rather
than
ng,
depending
on
the
situation.
Keeping
all
this
in
mind,
you
would
want
to
find
the
oldest
manuscripts
you
could
to
make
sure
that
these
copying
mistakes
would
be
eliminated.
Imagine,
then
,
after
a
few
years,
someone
found
some
more
manuscripts,
that
were
older,
and
that
were
sometimes

15. Understanding
Jesus:
John
Signs
in
John’s
Gospel
14
different
from
the
ones
you
used
before.
What
would
you
do?
Did
you
know
that
this
is
what
really
happened?
During
the
translation
of
the
Bible
into
the
King
James
Version
(Authorised
Version),
the
translators
had
a
lot
of
manuscripts
available
to
them.
However,
since
the
translation
of
the
KJV
in
1611,
Bible
scholars
have
discovered
more
manuscripts,
some
of
them
older
than
those
used
by
the
KJV.
These
“newly
discovered”
manuscripts
form
the
basis
for
the
NIV.
The
difficulty
arises
when
manuscripts
do
not
agree
on
what
a
verse
says.
Here
is
a
summary
of
what
the
ancient
texts
say
about
John
5:3b-­‐4.
Texts
without
John
5:
3b-­4
Texts
with
John
5:4
Name
Date
(Approx.)
Name
Date
(Approx.)
p66
AD
100-­‐299
A
AD
400-­‐599
p75
AD
200-­‐299
C3
AD
400-­‐599
a
AD
300-­‐399
K
AD
1000-­‐1099
B
AD
300-­‐399
L
AD
900-­‐999
C*
AD
400-­‐499
Xcomm
AD
1000-­‐1099
D
AD
400-­‐599
D
AD
1000-­‐1099
Wsupp
AD
400-­‐499
Q
AD
1000-­‐1099
0125
AD
400-­‐499
Y
AD
900-­‐1099
atbp.
063
AD
1000-­‐1099
078
AD
1000-­‐1099
atbp.
Notice
that
the
manuscripts
that
include
5:3b-­‐4
are
much
older
than
the
texts
that
omit
it.
What
this
chart
does
not
tell
you
is
that
among
those
manuscripts
that
include
these
verses,
there
is
a
lot
of
disagreement.
Some
include
all
of
it,
others
include
different
parts
of
it.
Some
include
it
but
have
“*”
around
it
so
that
we
know
there
is
something
unique
about
it
–
namely,
that
it
may
not
be
original.
The
translators
of
the
NIV
chose
to
omit
the
verse
based
on
the
evidence
from
the
various
manuscripts.
So,
what
does
this
mean
for
you,
the
Bible
teacher
who
doesn’t
read
Greek?
Can
the
Bible
be
trusted?
The
answer
is,
“Yes!”
It
can
be
trusted
because
there
are
people
who
work
very
hard
making
sure
that
the
Bible
we
have
in
front
of
us
is
as
close
as
possible
to
what
the
original
writers
wrote
so
many
years
ago.
So,
what
do
you
do
when
someone
asks
you
about
it?
1. Explain
the
process
a
little
bit.
2. Look
to
see
if
the
verse
teaches
a
major
point
of
doctrine
or
theology.
3. Don’t
base
your
theology
upon
questionable
verses.