2. A biological system that removes excess,
unnecessary materials from an organism, in
order to maintain homeostasis and prevent
damage to the body.
3. The excretory system is responsible for
removing metabolic and liquid toxic wastes, as
well as excess water, in the form of urine.
4. Everyday, the kidney processes a large amount of
blood to sort out as waste products and extra water.
- the waste and extra water become urine
Urine flows to your bladder through tubes called
ureters.
Release three hormones:
- erythropoietin
- renin
- calcitriol
6. The renal cortex is the outer portion of the
kidney between the renal capsule and the renal
medulla.
Ultrafiltration occurs in the cortex
Erythropoietin is produced in the cortex
7. The innermost part of the kidney
-split up into a number of sections known as the renal
pyramid
Contains the structures of the nephrons
responsible for maintaining the salt and water
balance of the blood
Hypertonic to the filtrate in the nephron and
aids in the reabsorption of water
8. The ability to maintain a stable internal
environment within the body in response to
environmental changes.
9. Kidneys measure out chemicals like sodium,
potassium, and phosphorus and release them
back to the blood to return to the body
10. When the blood pressure is too low renin is
released renin stimulates the contraction of
the blood vessels resistance to blood flow
increases (which means an increase in bp)
bp returns to normal kidneys stop releasing
renin
11. Osmoregulation is a process which regulates
the salt and water balance in the body to
maintain the blood osmotic pressure.
When blood osmotic pressure is high (blood
too salty), ADH is released and causes more
water to be absorbed in the kidney in
comparison to salt.
When blood osmotic pressure is low (blood is
dilute), aldosterone is released and more salt is
absorbed in the kidney causing more water to
be excreted via urine.
12. The kidneys have two very important roles in
maintaining the acid-base balance:
- to reabsorb bicarbonate from urine
- to excrete hydrogen ions into urine
13. Kidneys play several roles in the body- most
importantly they play a major role in
maintaining homeostasis in the body.
14. If ADH holds water in the body decreasing
urine output and increasing blood pressure,
does a person with high blood pressure
(holding water) have a high ADH blood level
or a low ADH blood level?
*Exam Krackers
15. Low ADH because the ADH output responded
to the body.
16. A secondary effect of aldosterone is to increase
blood pressure. Would expected aldosterone
levels be high or low in a person with low
blood pressure?
*Exam Krackers
17. Expected aldosterone levels would be higher
than normal. Since aldosterone increases blood
pressure, and the body tries to bring blood
pressure back to normal, the adrenal cortex
releases more aldosterone into the blood.
