LATHE MACHINE

1. Presentation
of
Vocational Training on
“Lathe Machine”
HEAVY ENGINEERING
CORPORATION
RANCHI
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF:
Mr. SUNDER SUBRAMANIAM
(Sr. ENGINEER)
HEC, RANCHI
BY:
MD GULAM QUADIR
B. Tech. (MECH) Final Year
A.H.C.E.T. CHEVELLA
13H11A0331

2. PRESENTATION ON LATHE MACHINE

3. PRINCIPLE OF LATHE
 Lathe is a machine, which is used to remove
metal from the work piece to required shape
and size.

4. COMPONENTS OF LATHE

5. TYPES OF LATHES
•Speed Lathe :
It is the simplest type lathe. It is mainly used for metal
spinning, polishing etc.
•Bench Lathe :
It is small sized engine lathe mounted on bench. It is used
for turning small and light weight workpiece.
•Tool Room Lathe :
It is used for production of small tools, gauges, fixtures and
accurate parts in tool room.

6. •Turret Lathe :
These lathes are used in mass production and for
heavy duty work pieces.
•Capstan Lathe :
These lathes are used in mass production used for
light duty work pieces
•Special Purpose Lathe :
These lathes are modification of engine lathes
developed for machining special types of workspaces.

7. •Automatic Lathe
•Engine Lathe
•Tracer Lathe
•Computer Controlled lathe
•Swiss Type Automatic Lathe
•Duplicating Lathe

8. COMPUTER NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED LATHE
 Computer Numerical Controls (CNC)
 Equipped with one or more turrets
 Each turret is equipped with a variety of tools
 Performs several operations on different surfaces of the workpiece

9. TURRET LATHE
Capable of performing multiple
cutting operations on the
same work piece
 Turning
 Boring
 Drilling
 Thread cutting
 Facing
Turret lathes are very versatile
Types of turret lathes
 Ram-type: ram slides in a
separate base on the
saddle
 Saddle type:
 more heavily
constructed
 Used to machine large
workppieces

10. ENGINE LATHE

11. BENCH LATHE AUTOMATIC LATHE

12. PARTS OF LATHE
•Bed : Supports all major components
•Carriage: Slides along the ways and consists of the cross-slide,
tool post, apron
•Headstock : Holds the jaws for the work piece, supplies power to
the jaws and has various drive speeds
•Tailstock : Supports the other end of the work piece
•Feed Rod and Lead Screw : Feed rod is powered by a set of
gears from the headstock

13. LATHE BED
•Heavy, rugged
casting
•Made to support
working parts of
lathe
•On top section
are machined
ways
•Guide and align
major parts of
lathe

14. HEADSTOCK
 Clamped on left-hand end
of bed
 Headstock spindle
 Hollow cylindrical shaft
supported by bearings
 Provides drive through
gears to work-holding
devices

15. CARRIAGE
 Used to move cutting
tool along lathe bed
 Consists of three
main parts
 Saddle
 Cross-slide
 Apron

16. APRON

17. 17
TAILSTOCK

18. ACCESSORIES
 Chucks :
 Three jaw chuck
 Four jaw chuck
 Collet chuck
 Centres:
 Live centre
 Dead centre
 Tipped centre
 Ball centre
 Mandrels :
 Plain mandrel
 Stepped mandrel
 Collared mandrel
 Screwed mandrel

19.  Chucks :
• Three Jaw Chuck (Self Centering Chuck) :
This chuck is used to hold circular
work piece and is available in sizes from
100mm to 600 mm.
 Four Jaw Chuck (Independent Chuck) :
It is used to hold rectangular,
square and irregular shaped work pieces .
ACCESSORIES

20.  Collet Chuck :
 Pull operating rod
 Push operating rod
It is ideal for holding tube and thin
walled work pieces.

21.  Centres:
 Live Centre
 Dead Centre
 Ball Centre
 Pipe Centre
 Half Centre
 Tipped Centre

22.  Mandrels :
 Plain Mandrel
 Collared Mandrel
 Screwed Mandrel
 Stepped Mandrel

23. LATHE OPERATIONS

24. •Turing
•Facing
•Boring
•Drilling
•Taper
•Cambering
•Grooving
•Forming
•Reaming
•Undercutting
•Thread cutting
•Knurling
LATHE OPERATIONS

25. BORING
 Boring produces circular internal profiles in hollow work pieces
 Boring mills are used for large work pieces
 Holes can be bored up to 20M if needed
 See fig. 22.20
 Machines are available with a variety of features
 Horizontal boring machines
 Jig borers

26. TURNING
 Forces in turning
 Cutting force: acts downward on the tool tip
 Thrust force: acts in the longitudinal direction
 Radial force: acts in the radial direction
 Roughing and Finishing Cuts
 Rough cut: high speed cut with little regard for dimensional
tolerance
 Finishing cut: lower feed rate and depth of cut
 Tool Materials, Feeds, and Cutting Speeds
 Cutting Fluids

27. CONCEPT OF SPEED, FEED AND DEPTH OF CUT
•Cutting speed=Πdn mm/min
1000
•Feed :
•It is expressed in mm/rev
•Depth of cut :
t=D-d mm
2

28. SINGLE POINT CUTTING TOOL GEOMETRY
•Clearance
•Rake
•End cutting
edge angle
•Side cutting
edge angle

29. THANKS