noticias sobre transcipcion y procesamiento del ARN

1. TRANSCRIPTION AND RNA
PROCESSING
María Camila Thowinson.
Medicine Student.

2. TRANSCRIPTION
AND RNA
PROCESSING
Maria Camila Thowinson
Molecular Biology
Teacher: Lina Martinez
B I B L I O G R A P H Y
• Martinez Sanchez, Lina Maria.
Biologia Molecular. 7 ed. Medellin:
UPB. Fac. Medicina
• Goethe University Frankfurt. (2017,
July 18). Pause to read the traffic
sign: Regulation of DNA
transcription in bacteria.
ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 31,
2017 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/20
17/07/170718113733.htm
• Kyoto University. (2017, July 11).
Accessing DNA in the cell's
powerhouse to treat disease: A new
molecule that reads mitochondrial
DNA could pave the way to treat
some genetic nerve and muscle
diseases. ScienceDaily. Retrieved
August 30, 2017 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/20
17/07/170711085504.htm
MEDICAL UTILITY
The overuse and misuse of antibiotics are
key factors contributing to antibiotic
resistance. So, investigators have to
consider this thing because we’re not
having treatments for a lot of diseases
because the indiscriminate use.
Also we are surrounded by nerve and
muscle diseases, which have a lot of
incidence in these days. And some of them
cause a lot of deaths. So we have to expand
ways and mechanisms of treatment.
That’s why these investigations contribute
to have a new way to “attack” this cellular
proliferation working with transcription
and RNA processing.

3. I N T R O D U C T I O N
DNA repair, any of several
mechanisms by which
a cell maintains the integrity of
its genetic code. DNA repair
ensures the survival of a species
by enabling parental DNA to be
inherited as faithfully as possible
by offspring. It also preserves
the health of an
individual. Mutations in the
genetic code can lead
to cancer and other genetic
diseases.
Regulation of DNA
transcription in bacteria.
The survival of the cell is a question of timing.
Scientists have now identified different parts of
this mechanism and introduced a model of
process.
How do they know it?
The authors took some
members of the Bacillus
family where they
discovered it has some
health properties based on
DNA repair.
What did they find?
They found that in this kind
of bacterias one of their
regulatory elements is
riboswitch, and knowing
that it could be a potential
target for antiobiotics..
Student’s opinion.
Expanding the way of action
of riboswitch it gives to the
people kind of hope because
actually people are using
antiobiotics in a really bad
way creating too much
resistance to them, making
this infetions intractable.
Accessing DNA in the cell's
powerhouse to treat disease
For the first time, a synthetic compound has
been made that can bind to DNA in the cells'
energy powerhouses, suppressing a gene
associated with nerve and muscle disease.
What did they find?
This group of researchers
discovered some
compounds that can read
specific DNA sequences
inside living cells and
silence disease-causing
genes.
Student’s opinion.
This investigation sound
very good because this
kind of diseases are
affecting too many people
nowadays. And this
mechanism could help to
prevent this patologies and
increase the quality of life
because they are too much
common.

4. I N T R O D U C T I O N
DNA repair, any of several
mechanisms by which
a cell maintains the integrity of
its genetic code. DNA repair
ensures the survival of a species
by enabling parental DNA to be
inherited as faithfully as possible
by offspring. It also preserves
the health of an
individual. Mutations in the
genetic code can lead
to cancer and other genetic
diseases.
Our cells are multiplying every day, but the DNA within them
is fragile and susceptible to damage from a variety of factors:
free radical attack, lack of vitamins, minerals and enzymes.
That’s why they try to fix and repair that deficit.
INTRODUCTION

5. Pause to read the traffic sign:
Regulation of DNA
transcription in bacteria
2017, JULY 18th
One such regulatory element, the riboswitch, has excited
interest as a potential target for antibiotics.
Regulation of DNA transcription in bacteria.
The survival of the cell is a question of timing.
Scientists have now identified the different
parts of this mechanism and introduced a
model of the process.
How do they know it?
The authors took some
members of the Bacillus
family where they
discovered it has some
health properties based on
DNA repair.
What did they find?
They found that in this kind
of bacterias one of their
regulatory elements is
riboswitch, and knowing
that it could be a potential
target for antiobiotics..
Student’s opinion.
Expanding the way of action
of riboswitch it gives to the
people kind of hope because
actually people are using
antiobiotics in a really bad
way creating too much
resistance to them, making
this infetions intractable.

6. Pause to read the traffic sign: Regulation of
DNA transcription in bacteria
A riboswitch is a short piece of
RNA that can fold into different
structures, depending on
whether or not a SMALL
MESSENGER MOLECULE is binds
to it.

7. Pause to read the traffic sign: Regulation of
DNA transcription in bacteria
In transcriptional riboswitches, these
different structures signal the nearby RNA
polymerase to continue producing RNA or
to stop. They also demonstrated that there
was a riboswitch (xpt-pbuX) which could be
activate it by the binging of a small
messenger molecule: Guanine.

8. Pause to read the traffic sign: Regulation of
DNA transcription in bacteria
If Guanine is not around, the RNA
polymerase would detect the default off-
positionand stop sythesis. That’s why it
would always read “off”, and that gene
would never be read. And that’s how
they can they think new antibiotics based
on this mechanism.
GUANINE

9. Pause to read the traffic sign: Regulation of
DNA transcription in bacteria
STUDENT OPINION
This investigation gives to the people some
hope, because actually we are having a really
bad use of antibiotics, and that’s why a lot of
microorganism are creating so much
resistance making them undestroyable.
Having some innovation in this topic is
important because everyday a lot of
investigations are expanding ways to destroy
and some mechanisms to stop the
proliferation of organisms.

10. Accessing DNA in the cell's powerhouse to treat
disease
For the first time, a synthetic compound has
been made that can bind to DNA in the cells'
energy powerhouses, suppressing a gene
associated with nerve and muscle disease.
What did they find?
This group of researchers
discovered some
compounds that can read
specific DNA sequences
inside living cells and
silence disease-causing
genes.
Student’s opinion.
This investigation sound
very good because this
kind of diseases are
affecting too many people
nowadays. And this
mechanism could help to
prevent this patologies and
increase the quality of life
because they are too much
common.
Accessing DNA in the cell’s
powerhouse to treat disease
2017, JULY 11th

11. Pause to read the traffic sign: Regulation of
DNA transcription in bacteria
Pyrrole-imidazole polyamides
(PIPs) are compounds that can
read specific DNA sequences
inside living cells and silence
disease-causing genes. They
suppress the transcription of
DNA to RNA.
DNA RNA

12. Pause to read the traffic sign: Regulation of
DNA transcription in bacteria
NORMALLY
WHIT THIS
INVESTIGATION
Most DNA is located in the
nucleus. But mitochondria
also host a small amount of
DNA. And PIPs are capable to
cross the nuclear membrane
but no the mitochondrial
membrane.
They succeded to redirect PIP
to cross the mitochondrial
membrane and alter gene
transcription.

13. Pause to read the traffic sign: Regulation of
DNA transcription in bacteria
MITO-PIPs its an association between
PIP and a mitochondria-penetrating
peptide. Which is capable of
overcoming the mitochondria’s energy
barrier. Where it has its function
blocking a specific mitochondrial
transcription factor. Preventing some
diseases like Leber’s hereditary optic
neuropathy, muscle weakness and
others.

14. Pause to read the traffic sign: Regulation of
DNA transcription in bacteria
STUDENT OPINION
Nerve and muscles diseases are very
common and have a lot of incidence in
our society. That’s why I consider that
discovering a new way to stop the
DNA transcription from the
mitochondrial DNA is a really good
new treatment. Because is going to
help reducing people who has this kind
of illnesses.

15. Medical UtilityMEDICAL UTILITY
The overuse and misuse of antibiotics are
key factors contributing to antibiotic
resistance. So, investigators have to
consider this thing because we’re not
having treatments for a lot of diseases
because this indiscriminate use
Also we are surrounded by nerve and
muscle diseases, which have a lot of
incidence in these days. And some of them
cause a lot of deaths. So we have to expand
ways and mechanisms of treatment.
That’s why these investigations contribute
to have a new way to “attack” this cellular
proliferation working with transcription
and RNA processing.

16. Medical Utility
Transcription and RNA
processing its a key part of
biological processes which
scientists and people in charge
of healthcare have to consider
because it could be a great
chance to respond or to block
the celular proliferation, in
some illnesses this process
could be mortal.

17. According to the OMS: “An estimated 6.8
million people die every year as a result of
neurological disorders. ”. As we saw it, this
kind of patologies have a lot of incidene.
So, if we develop and go deeper in studies
of transcription and RNA processing, we
could help and treat a some illnesses, so,
this investigation has a very great field of
action.
Medical UtilityMedical Utility

18. Medical Utility
Professionals have to educate their
patients to take the antibiotics exactly
the time doctor said and don’t stop it
before. And that’s a reason why a lot
of pathogens created resistance to
antibiotics, and this new
discoverement is important because is
another way or possibility to treat
them.
Medical Utility

19. Bibliography
• Martinez Sanchez, Lina Maria.
Biologia Molecular. 7 ed. Medellin:
UPB. Fac. Medicina
• Goethe University Frankfurt. (2017,
July 18). Pause to read the traffic
sign: Regulation of DNA
transcription in bacteria.
ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 31,
2017 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/20
17/07/170718113733.htm
• Kyoto University. (2017, July 11).
Accessing DNA in the cell's
powerhouse to treat disease: A new
molecule that reads mitochondrial
DNA could pave the way to treat
some genetic nerve and muscle
diseases. ScienceDaily. Retrieved
August 30, 2017 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/20
17/07/170711085504.htm
Bibliography

20. “Educating the
mind without
educating the
heart is no
education at all”
-Aristotle-