blockchain

1. A
Seminar on
Guided by :- Submitted by :-
Mrs. Varsha Thakur Alisha Upadhayay
Miss Rubi Kambo MCA-V
Mr. Lokesh Rathore

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 What is Blockchain ?
 Why Blockchain ?
 Levels of Blockchain
 Application Area
 Alliance and Industry Adoption
 Example of blockchain
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Future works..
 References
 Conclusion

3. Introduction
Blockchain technology was first introduced in a
whitepaper entitled: “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer
Electronic Cash System,” by Satoshi Nakamoto in
2008. and the original plan of Nakamoto is :
1. No centralized database, put assets into
a transparent ledger, everyone has a
copy
2. Transaction system to move value
between parties without third party
interaction
3. Robust scripting system; instead of just
sending currency, send contracts, smart
property, anything; requires during
completeness, solving blockchain bloat

4. What is Blockchain ?
originally block chain is a
continuously growing list of
records, called blocks, which
are linked and secured using
cryptography .Each block
contains typically a hash
pointer as a link to a previous
block, a timestamp and
transaction data
“ A shared ledger technology
allowing any participant in the
business network to see THE
system of record (ledger) “.

5. Blockchain Analogy
Imagine there are a
group of lockers in a
public place.
Each locker is:
• Free of charge
• Use of “wallets” to
keep track of all
owned lockers
• Money is
inaccessible if key
is lost

6. How Bitcoin transaction tack place ?
X holds 1 BTC in virtual wallet
with associated public and
private key
Y sends his bitcoin wallet
address and public key to X
X wants to send BTC to Y who
also has a wallet
X creates transaction message
with Y’s address and
transaction amount
X signs transaction with his
private key and announces his
public key for signature
verification
X broadcasts the transaction on
bitcoin network for all to see

7. Why Blockchain ?
No central
authority
Real-time
settlement
Elimination
of
intermediarie
s
Drastic
reduction in
operational
costs
BLOCKCHAIN
Blockchain
technology enables
bilateral settlement
by eliminating
midpoint failures,
delays, collateral
costs, and
minimizes credit
risks and exchange
spreads.

8. Levels of Blockchain
1. Storage for digital records
2. Exchanging digital assets (called
tokens)
3. Executing smart contracts
◦ Ground rules – Terms & conditions recorded in
code
◦ Distributed network executes contract & monitors
compliance
◦ Outcomes are automatically validated without
third party

9. Smart Contract
• Business rules implied by
the contract . . . .
embedded in the
Blockchain &
• executed with the
transaction
• Verifiable, signed
• Encoded in programming
language
• Example: –
Defines contractual
conditions under which
corporate Bond transfer
occurs

11. Alliance and Industry Adoption
(1) INTERNAL LEDGER
• Ledger for internal reporting, audit and compliance,
• Consistent view of key business assets,
(2) CONSORTIUM SHARED LEDGER
• Created by a small set of participants
• share reference data between themselves and
consumers.
• Consistent real-time view of key information
(3) INFORMATION HUB
• A ledger set up in a single organization
• Sharing of information between participants (e.g. voting,
dividend notification) • Assets have information, not
financial value,
(4) HIGH VALUE MARKET
• Ledger for the transfer of high financial value assets
between many participants in a market.

12. Examples of Blockchain
 Domestic payments
Modern domestic payments systems today are rather
centralised (i.e. controlled by a central party such as
commercial banks), up-to-date from a technology point-
of view and provide the consumer a relatively good
experience in terms of speed, costs and security.
Domestic payment services like , credit cards and banks
work well. Distributed ledgers would give these systems
just marginal benefits.
 Real-world examples
Blockchain technology is finally transitioning from
experiment to usability concept in the payments world.
Incumbent payment companies both non-bank as well as
financial institutions, have started launching real-world
payment products and services incorporating blockchain
technology.

13. Advantages of Blockchain

14. Disadvantage of Blockchain
1.Need high performance (millisecond)
transactions
2. Small organization (no business network)
3. Looking for a database replacement
4. Looking for a messaging solution
5. Looking for transaction processing
replacement

15. Future works..
 Most widely uesd by banks
 Its is secure
 Blockchain Institute of Technology in in
Miami, Florida

16. Conclusion
 Blockchain is a shared, replicated ledger
technology
 IBM supports an open standards, open source,
open governance Blockchain
 Blockchain can open up business networks by
taking out cost, improving efficiencies and increase
accessibility
 Blockchain addresses an exciting and topical set
of business challenges, which cross every industry

17. References
 https://x9.org/wp-
content/uploads/2016/02/Blockchain_FSS
 Slideshare.com
 wikipedia

18. Thank You..!!!