2. Introduction ISO International Standard Organization Established in 1947 Multinational body dedicated to worldwide agreement Standard of international level Covers all aspects of network communications It is Open System Interconnection MODELAllow two different Machines to connect without change in hardware and softwareIt is model for understanding and designing a network architecture
3. The Model Layered framework Designed for communication across all types of computer system 7 separate but related layer Each defines segment of process of moving information across network.
4. Why we need OSI Model To allow different types of network hardware and software to communicate with each other Avoidable duplication of equipment resources To breaks network communication into smaller, simpler parts that are easy to develop To facilitates standardization of network components to allow multiple – vendor development and support
5. 1. Physical Layer Physical characteristics of interfaces and medium. Representation of bits. Physical topology. Line configuration. Data rate. Synchronization of bits. Transmission mode.
6. 2. Data Link Layer Framing. Physical addressing. Flow control. Error control. Access control.
11. 7. Application Layer Network virtual terminal. File transfer, access, and management. Mail services. Directory services.
12. Summary The International Standards Organization created a model called the Open Systems Interconnection, which allows diverse systems to communicate. The seven-layer OSI model provides guidelines for the development of universally compatible networking protocols. The physical layer coordinates the functions required to transmit a bit stream over a physical medium. The data link layer is responsible for delivering data units from one station to the next without errors. The network layer is responsible for the source-to-destination delivery of a packet across multiple network links. The transport layer is responsible for the process-to-process delivery of the entire message. The session layer establishes, maintains, and synchronizes the interactions between communicating devices. The presentation layer ensures interoperability between communicating devices through transformation of data into a mutually agreed upon format. The Application Layer Enable user, (human or software) to access the network and Provides user interface and support for services (email, Remote file access, shared database management system).
