HBR's 10 must reads on Innovation. The author is Peter Drucker, the founder of modern management. The most innovative business ideas come from methodically analyzing seven areas of opportunity. You have to identify the opportunity and need a leap of imagination to arrive at the right response.

1. 创
新
准
则Discipline
THE
Of Innovation

2. ProfessorofSocialScience andManagement
ClaremontGraduateUniversity
Peter Drucker
HBR’s 10mustreads oninnovationoriginally published in 1985
TheAuthor
(1909-2005)
“Thefounderof modern
management”
--- Forbes

3. Technologycommercializationmanager
ExploitTechnologiesPte Ltd (ETPL)
Agencyfor Science, TechnologyandResearch (A*STAR, Singapore)
B. Eng &Ph.d(Engineering)
NanyangTechnologicalUniversity
Singapore
M.B.A.
INSEAD
Fontainebleau, France
Presentationby
LI Wei

4. At the heart of
entrepreneurship
is innovation
The effort to create
purposeful, focused change
in an enterprise’s economic
or social potential

5. “
In the competition for
breakthrough solutions,
managers worry too
much about the
Entrepreneurial
personality

6. There are
innovations that
spring from a
flash of genius

7. Most innovations, however, especially
the successful ones, result from
a conscious, purposeful search
for innovation opportunities

8. The key is to
know where
to look

9. The innovation opportunities are
found only in a few situations

10. Within a company
or industry
Unexpected
Occurrence
Incongruities
Process
Needs
Industry and
Market Change

11. Demographic
Change
Perception
Change
New
Knowledge
Outside company, in its
social and intellectual
environment

12. With in a company or industry

13. 1Unexpected
Occurrence

14. The easiest, simplest and productive
source of innovation opportunity
1Unexpected
Occurrence
but most of people dismiss them, disregard
them and even resent them

15. In early 1930s, the
first modern
accounting machine
from IBM failed to
get into the banks

16. What saved the
company was its
exploitation of an
unexpected success:
The libraries in those
early New Deal days
had money and they
wanted the machines

17. 2incongruities

18. 2incongruities
Out of which innovation opportunities may arise
An incongruity within the logic or
rhythm of a process is another
important possibility

19. By the 1960s, cataract
removal had become
“high-tech“, expect for
cutting a ligament, an
“old-fashioned” step
that was uncomfortable
for eye surgeons

20. Alcon Laboratories
responded by
modifying an enzyme
that can dissolve the
ligament instead of
cutting. That new
solution made Alcon a
worldwide monopoly.

21. 3Process
Needs

22. 3Process
Needs
and correcting or redesigning them
process need involves identifying
the company or industry’s process
weak spots

23. The “media”, as we know
today, had its origin in
two process innovations
developed around 1890

24. Linotype made it
possible to produce
newspapers quickly
Advertising made it
possible to distribute
news practically free
of charge.

25. 4Industry
& Market
Change

26. 4Industry structures can, and
often do, change overnight
Such change creates tremendous
opportunities for innovation
Industry
& Market
Change

27. In 1960s, the
structure of the
financial industry
was changing as
institutional investors
became dominant

28. The brokerage firm
of Donaldson, Lufkin
& Jenrette (DLJ)
became one of Wall
Street’s stellar
performersbecause
of their foresight of
and action for the
coming change

29. In the social and
intellectual environment

30. 5Demographic
Change

31. 5Demographic
Change
Of the outside sources of
innovation opportunities
Demographic changes are the most
reliable with known lead times

32. Around 1970,
Everyone knew that
the number of blue-
collar manufacturing
workerswould
become inadequate
by 1990

33. Only the Japanese
took action, started to
develop and adopt
robotics in the
manufacturing and
became the leader in
robotics in 1990s

34. 6Perception
Change

35. 6Perception
Change
A change in perception does not
alter facts, but their meaning –
and very quickly
It can be exploited for innovation
opportunity

36. In 1980s, all factual
evidence indicated that
American’s health had
improved in the past
decades. But collective
hypochondria created
so much concern or fear
about health

37. This view became the
source of innovation
and created the new
market for health care
magazines, exercise
classes, indoor jogging
equipment, etc.

38. 7New
Knowledge

39. 7New
Knowledge
Among history-making innovations,
those innovations based on
new knowledge rank high

40. The innovations of this
sort usually require
the convergence of
different kinds of
knowledge.

41. And, it has the
longest lead time of
all innovations and
involves highest
market risk

42. The strands of
knowledge required for
the computer were
available since 1918, but
the first operational
digital computer did not
appear until 1946 when
those knowledges
converged.

43. In 1920s, 300 to 500
automobile companies
existed in US; by 1960,
only 4 of them
remained

44. Purposeful, systematic innovation begins with
the analysis of the sourcesof new opportunities

45. Unexpected
Occurrence
Incongruities Process
Needs
Industry and
Market Change
Within a company or industry
Sources of new opportunities

46. Demographic
Change
Perception
Change
New
Knowledge
In the social and intellectual
environment
Sources of new opportunities

47. Successful entrepreneurs
don’t wait for innovative ideas
to strike like a lightning bolt.

48. They go out and
look for innovation
opportunities in
these seven key
areas.

49. The very foundation of entrepreneurship
is the practice of systematic innovation

50. In innovation, as in any
other endeavor, if
diligence, persistence and
commitment are lacking,
talent, ingenuity and
knowledge are of no avail.

51. www.innodiary.org
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