The document provides information about the present perfect tense in English, including its forms, structures, uses, and examples. It discusses three main uses of the present perfect tense: 1) to talk about experiences and events in an unspecified time in the past, 2) to talk about a past action that affects the present, and 3) to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present time. It also provides examples of using time expressions like "already," "yet," "since," and "for" with the present perfect tense.

1. Week 9

2. page 34 –
Vocabulary:
Experiences
on TV
your phone a famous person to a new city an award
seasicka bone
motion sickness
sea sickness
car sickness
air sickness

4. Brian is excited because he is going
to be on TV for the first time.

5. Who has been on TV?
One of Jill’s friends has been on TV.
Kumiko has been on TV lots of times.
When were they on TV?

7. page 35
I/You/They/We have
He/She/It has
+ past participle (p.p.)

9. from page 151 of your textbook

10. Positive Negative Question
I / you / we / they
have + past participle
I have visited France. We haven’t visited France.
We have never visited France.
Have you (ever) visited France?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven’t.
he / she / it
has + past participle
She has ridden a camel. He hasn’t ridden a camel.
He has never ridden a camel.
Has she (ever) ridden a camel?
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn’t.
Present Perfect Forms/Structures

11. Present Perfect Use
We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an
unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important.
We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as:
ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already,
yet, since, for, etc.
You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions
such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child,
when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc.

12. Function 1
 Completed actions in the past but
it is not important when we did it.
1. We use the present perfect tense to talk
about experiences and events in the past.

13. Examples
I have been to France twice.
Ruby has never broken a leg.
Have you ever eaten sushi?
We often use never and ever with the
present perfect tense to talk about
experiences.

14. Form
I have been to France twice.
Ruby has never broken a leg.
Have you ever eaten sushi?

15. 2. To talk about a past action that affects
the present.
Function 2
“I have lost my wallet.” (I don't have it now.)
“Eric has gone to Mexico.” (He isn't here now.)
We often use just, already and yet.
“Have you done your homework yet?”
“The plane has just arrived.”

16. ‘already’
Use already to show that an action was
completed earlier.
“Tom has already finished his homework.”
“We have already had our breakfast.”
“already” usually goes after “has” or “have” and
before the main verb.
“already” can also come at the end of a sentence.
“The have met already”.

17. ‘yet’
Use yet when an action has not been completed.
“I haven’t done my homework yet.”
“She hasn’t eaten yet.”
‘yet’ usually goes at the end of the
sentence.

18. Function 3
3. To talk about an action which started in
the past and continues up to now.
We often use since and for to say
how long the action has lasted.
 a point of time in the past (“since”)
 a period of time in the past (“for”)

19. I have been a teacher for more than ten years.
We haven’t seen Louis since Friday.
Form

20. ‘since’
 We use 'since' with a fixed point of time in
the past.
“I've known Sam since 1992.”
“She's been here since 8 a.m.”
“They’ve lived in Paris since last year.”

21. ‘for’
 We use 'for' with a period of time.
(minutes, hours, weeks, months, years)
“She’s known Sam for 10 years.”
“We’ve been here for 3 hours.”
“I’ve had this cold for a week now.”

22. ‘been’
 We use ‘been’ to mean that the subject has
visited the place and has come back.
“I've been to school today.”
(but now I’m not there)
Notice the preposition ‘to’
“My dad’s been to Japan, but he’s here now.”

23. ‘gone’
 We use ‘gone’ to mean that the person is at
the place now.
“Jerry has gone to India.”
(He’s in India now.)
“Where’s Kevin?”
“He’s gone to the butcher’s.”
(He’s at the butcher’s now.)

25. Have been
have have been
Have eaten
have have had
Have lost
haven’t have
lost
Has called
hasn’t have done

26. page 36

27. page 36
I mean…Are you saying…?

28. 2
4
3
7
5
6
page 36
Listen to “Pronunciation”, p. 37, ex. 2.