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VISUAL TROPE VS. VERBAL TROPE IN
          ADVERTISING
             Libby Issendorf
          Summa Cum Laude Thesis
EXISTING RESEARCH



How are tropes processed?
EXISTING RESEARCH



How are tropes processed?

   Visual metaphors  translated to words
EXISTING RESEARCH



How are tropes processed?

   Visual metaphors  translated to words

   Verbal metaphors  translated to images
EXISTING RESEARCH
EXISTING RESEARCH



Existing studies
EXISTING RESEARCH



Existing studies

   Comprehension better when verbal metaphors had visual aids
EXISTING RESEARCH



Existing studies

   Comprehension better when verbal metaphors had visual aids

   Visual tropes gained more attention and liked better
EXISTING RESEARCH
EXISTING RESEARCH


Problems with existing studies
EXISTING RESEARCH


Problems with existing studies

   Different brands and products
EXISTING RESEARCH


Problems with existing studies

   Different brands and products

   Different metaphors
EXISTING RESEARCH


Problems with existing studies

   Different brands and products

   Different metaphors

   Not a direct comparison
METHODS

Memory

  Unaided recall: “What brands do you remember?”

  Aided recall: “One of the brands advertised was Tabasco. Do you
  remember this ad?”

  What was remembered: “What do you remember about this ad?”

  Likert scale: “This ad grabbed my attention.”
METHODS
METHODS


Comprehension

  “What do you think the ad was trying to say (its message)?”

  Likert scale: “The main message of this ad was easy to understand.”
METHODS


Comprehension

   “What do you think the ad was trying to say (its message)?”

   Likert scale: “The main message of this ad was easy to understand.”

Attitude

   Likert scale: “I liked this ad.”
METHODS

Accepted answers

   “this gum will make your smile bright”

   “it was a person with a lampshade on their head, and it looked like there
   was a light coming from her head (presumably her teeth)”

Unaccepted answers

   “i just remember that there was one”

   “the girl’s head was covered”
RESULTS
RESULTS


Ads that used verbal tropes were remembered more frequently,
especially for the Tabasco brand
RESULTS


Ads that used verbal tropes were remembered more frequently,
especially for the Tabasco brand

Ads that used visual tropes were comprehended better, especially for
the Orbit brand.
RESULTS


Ads that used verbal tropes were remembered more frequently,
especially for the Tabasco brand

Ads that used visual tropes were comprehended better, especially for
the Orbit brand.

Both types of trope had equal effects on attitude for both brands.
RESULTS
RESULTS
RESULTS
RESULTS
IMPLICATIONS
IMPLICATIONS



Further study regarding ads that use both types
IMPLICATIONS



Further study regarding ads that use both types

Art direction is important
IMPLICATIONS



Further study regarding ads that use both types

Art direction is important

Visual tropes do work, just in a different way than verbal tropes!
THANK YOU!

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Summa Cum Laude Thesis Presentation