The document discusses several diseases that affect mango plants: anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides which produces leaf spots and fruit rot; powdery mildew caused by Oidium mangiferae which affects leaves, flowers, and young fruits; mango malformation caused by Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans which results in stunted growth and malformed flowers and fruits; stem end rot caused by Botrydiplodia theobromae which causes rotting of the fruit; red rust caused by Cephaleurus mycoides which produces rust-colored spots on leaves; grey blight caused by Pestalotia mangiferae which causes brown leaf

1. Diseases of MangoDiseases of Mango

2. Diseases of MangoDiseases of Mango
1) Anthracnose1) Anthracnose: : Colletotrichum gloeosporioidesColletotrichum gloeosporioides
2)2) Powdery mildewPowdery mildew: : Oidium mangiferae (AcrosporiumOidium mangiferae (Acrosporium
mangiferae)mangiferae)
3) 3) Mango malformationMango malformation : : Fusarium moniliformeFusarium moniliforme
vvar. ar. subglutinanssubglutinans
4) 4) Stem end rotStem end rot: : Botrydiplodia theobromaeBotrydiplodia theobromae
5) 5) Red rustRed rust: : Cephaleurus mycoidesCephaleurus mycoides
6) 6) Grey BlightGrey Blight:: Pestalotia mangiferae Pestalotia mangiferae
7) 7) Sooty mouldSooty mould: : Capnodium mangiferaeCapnodium mangiferae

3. Anthracnose:Anthracnose: Colletotrichum Colletotrichum
gloeosporioidesgloeosporioides
SymptomsSymptoms
 Produces leaf spots, blossom blight, wither tip, twigsProduces leaf spots, blossom blight, wither tip, twigs
blight and fruit rot.blight and fruit rot.
 Small blister like spots develop on the leaves andSmall blister like spots develop on the leaves and
twigs. Young leaves wither and dry Tender twigstwigs. Young leaves wither and dry Tender twigs
wither and die back symptom appears.wither and die back symptom appears.
 Affected branches ultimately dry up. Black spotsAffected branches ultimately dry up. Black spots
appear on fruits.appear on fruits.
 The fruit pulp becomes hard, crack and decay atThe fruit pulp becomes hard, crack and decay at
ripening. Infected fruits dropripening. Infected fruits drop

4. Mango;AnthracnoseMango;Anthracnose
Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms onSymptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on
Fruits Leaves fruitsFruits Leaves fruits

5. ManagementManagement
 Spray Spray P. fluorescensP. fluorescens (FP 7) at 3 weeks interval (FP 7) at 3 weeks interval
commencing from October at 5g/like on flowercommencing from October at 5g/like on flower
branches.branches.
 5-7 sprays one to be given on flowers and5-7 sprays one to be given on flowers and
bunches.bunches.
 Before storage, treat with hot water, (50-55°C)Before storage, treat with hot water, (50-55°C)
for 15 minutes or dip in Benomyl solutionfor 15 minutes or dip in Benomyl solution
(500ppm) or Thiobendazole (1000ppm) for 5(500ppm) or Thiobendazole (1000ppm) for 5
minutesminutes

6. Powdery mildewPowdery mildew
Oidium mangiferae (AcrosporumOidium mangiferae (Acrosporum
mangiferae)mangiferae)
SymptomsSymptoms
 It attacks the leaves, flowers, stalks of panicle andIt attacks the leaves, flowers, stalks of panicle and
fruits.fruits.
 Shedding of infected leaves occurs when the diseaseShedding of infected leaves occurs when the disease
is severe. is severe.
 The affected fruits do not grow in size and may dropThe affected fruits do not grow in size and may drop
before attaining pea size.before attaining pea size.
 Survives as dormant mycelium in affected leaves.Survives as dormant mycelium in affected leaves.
 Secondary spread by air borne conidiaSecondary spread by air borne conidia

7. Mango;Powdery mildewMango;Powdery mildew
Infected leaf Healthy leaf InflorescensInfected leaf Healthy leaf Inflorescens

8. ManagementManagement
 Dusting the plants with fine sulphur (250-300Dusting the plants with fine sulphur (250-300
mesh) at the rate of 0.5 kg/tree.mesh) at the rate of 0.5 kg/tree.
 The first application may be soon afterThe first application may be soon after
flowering, second 15 days later (or) spray withflowering, second 15 days later (or) spray with
Wettable sulphur (0.2%), (or) CarbendazimWettable sulphur (0.2%), (or) Carbendazim
(0.1%),(or) Tridemorph ( 0.1%),(or) Karathane(0.1%),(or) Tridemorph ( 0.1%),(or) Karathane
(0.1%).(0.1%).

9. Mango malformation : Mango malformation : FusariumFusarium
moliliforme vmoliliforme var. ar. subglutinanssubglutinans
SymptomsSymptoms
 Three types of symptoms: bunchy top phase, floral malformationThree types of symptoms: bunchy top phase, floral malformation
and vegetative malformation.and vegetative malformation.
 In bunchy top phase in nursery bunching of thickened smallIn bunchy top phase in nursery bunching of thickened small
shoots, bearing small rudimentally leaves. Shoots remain shortshoots, bearing small rudimentally leaves. Shoots remain short
and stunted giving a bunchy top appearance.and stunted giving a bunchy top appearance.
 In vegetative malformation, excessive vegetative branches ofIn vegetative malformation, excessive vegetative branches of
limited growth in seedlings. They are swollen with shortlimited growth in seedlings. They are swollen with short
internodes forming bunches of various size and the top of theinternodes forming bunches of various size and the top of the
seedlings shows bunchy top appearance.seedlings shows bunchy top appearance.
 In malformation of inflorescens, shows variation in the panicle.In malformation of inflorescens, shows variation in the panicle.
Malformed head dries up in black mass and persist for longMalformed head dries up in black mass and persist for long
time.time.
 Secondary branches are transformed into number of small leavesSecondary branches are transformed into number of small leaves
giving a witches broome appearancegiving a witches broome appearance

10. Mango malformationMango malformation
Flower malformation Flower malformation Mango malformation

11. ManagementManagement
 Diseased plants should be destroyedDiseased plants should be destroyed
 Use of disease free planting materialUse of disease free planting material
 Incidence reduced by spraying 100-200ppmIncidence reduced by spraying 100-200ppm
NAA during October.NAA during October.
 Pruning of diseased parts along the basal 15-20Pruning of diseased parts along the basal 15-20
cm apparently healthy portions.cm apparently healthy portions.
 This is followed by the spraying of CarbendazimThis is followed by the spraying of Carbendazim
(0.1%) or Captafol (0.2%).(0.1%) or Captafol (0.2%).

12. Stem end rot: Stem end rot: Diplodia natalensisDiplodia natalensis
SymptomsSymptoms
 The dark epicarp around the base of the pedicelThe dark epicarp around the base of the pedicel
 In the initial stage the affected area enlarges toIn the initial stage the affected area enlarges to
form a circular, black patchform a circular, black patch
 Under humid atmosphere extends rapidly andUnder humid atmosphere extends rapidly and
turns the whole fruit completely black withinturns the whole fruit completely black within
two or three days.two or three days.
 The pulp becomes brown and somewhat softer.The pulp becomes brown and somewhat softer.
 Dead twigs and bark of the trees, spread by rainsDead twigs and bark of the trees, spread by rains

13. Stem end rotStem end rot
Infected fruitsInfected fruits

14. ManagementManagement
 Prune and destroy infected twigs and sprayPrune and destroy infected twigs and spray
Carbendazim or Thiophanate Methyl(0.1%) orCarbendazim or Thiophanate Methyl(0.1%) or
 Chlorathalonil (0.2%) as fortnightly intervalChlorathalonil (0.2%) as fortnightly interval
during rainy season.during rainy season.

15. Red-rust: Red-rust: Cephaleuros virescensCephaleuros virescens
SymptomsSymptoms
 Algae attacks foliage and young twigs.Algae attacks foliage and young twigs.
 Rusty spots appear on leaves, initially as circular, slightlyRusty spots appear on leaves, initially as circular, slightly
elevated, coalesce to form irregular spots.elevated, coalesce to form irregular spots.
 The spores mature fall off and leave cream to whiteThe spores mature fall off and leave cream to white
valvet texture on the surface of the leavesvalvet texture on the surface of the leaves
ManagementManagement
 Bordeaux mixture (0.6%) or Copper oxychloride 0.25%Bordeaux mixture (0.6%) or Copper oxychloride 0.25%

16. Mango;Red-rustMango;Red-rust
Infected leaf Healthy leafInfected leaf Healthy leaf

17. Grey Blight : Grey Blight : Pestalotia mangiferaePestalotia mangiferae
SymptomsSymptoms
 Brown spots develop on the margin and at the tip ofBrown spots develop on the margin and at the tip of
the leaf lamina. They increase in size and becomethe leaf lamina. They increase in size and become
dark brown. Black dots appear on the spots which aredark brown. Black dots appear on the spots which are
acervuli of the fungus.acervuli of the fungus.
 Survive on mango leaves for over a year. SpreadsSurvive on mango leaves for over a year. Spreads
through wind borne conidia.through wind borne conidia.
 Heavy infection is noticed during the monsoon whenHeavy infection is noticed during the monsoon when
the temperature is 20-25oC.and high humidity.the temperature is 20-25oC.and high humidity.

18. ManagementManagement
 Remove and destroy infected plant parts.Remove and destroy infected plant parts.
 Spraying copper oxychloride 0.25 MancozebSpraying copper oxychloride 0.25 Mancozeb
0.25% or Bordeaux mixture 1.0%.0.25% or Bordeaux mixture 1.0%.

19. Sooty mould : Sooty mould : Capnodium mangiferaeCapnodium mangiferae
SymptomsSymptoms
 The fungi produce mycelium which is superficial andThe fungi produce mycelium which is superficial and
dark. They row on sugary secretions of the plantdark. They row on sugary secretions of the plant
hoppers. Black encrustation is formed which affecthoppers. Black encrustation is formed which affect
the photosynthetic activity.the photosynthetic activity.
 The fungus grows on the leaf surface on the sugaryThe fungus grows on the leaf surface on the sugary
substances secreted by jassids, aphids and scalesubstances secreted by jassids, aphids and scale
insects.insects.

20. Sooty mouldSooty mould
Healthy leaf Infected leafHealthy leaf Infected leaf

21. ManagementManagement
 Management should be done for insects and sootyManagement should be done for insects and sooty
moulds simultaneously. moulds simultaneously.
 Controlling of insect by spraying systemic insecticidesControlling of insect by spraying systemic insecticides
like Monocrotophos or methyl dematonlike Monocrotophos or methyl dematon
 After that spray starch solution (1kg Starch/Maida in 5After that spray starch solution (1kg Starch/Maida in 5
litres of water. Boiled and dilute to 20 liters)litres of water. Boiled and dilute to 20 liters)
 Starch dries and forms flake which are removed alongStarch dries and forms flake which are removed along
with the fungus.with the fungus.

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