Working of bridge and its explanation are summarized in this presentation. you will get basic knowledge for bridge engineering study from it

1. Types of Bridge
(Theory/Explanation)
Data Collected By:
KUSHAL PATEL

2. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
TYPES OF BRIDGE
BEAM BRIDGE ARCH BRIDGE
MOVABLE
BRIDGE/CANTILE
VER BRIDGE
CABLE
SUPPORTED
BRIDGES
TRUSS BRIDGE

3. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(BEAM BRIDGES)
Beam Bridges
• Beams are made of different materials of
which the most common are concrete, steel,
timber or aluminum.
• Beams may be used in different parts of a
structure, but in this context, as main carrying
elements, they normally support the bridge
deck.

4. Bridges with T - Beams
• For T-Beams, the beams and the deck are rigidly
connected to each other in one type, while in
others, the beam itself is shaped like a T.

5. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(ARCH BRIDGE)
ARCH BRIDGES
• The main elements of these types of bridges
are respectively the arches. The arch of an
arch bridge is a curved beam.
• Arch bridges take normally longer span
lengths than vault bridges because the ribs are
designed to resist a load combination of axial
compression and bending moment.

6. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(ARCH BRIDGE)
• The type of structure termed arch includes
open and closed spandrel arch bridges as well
as earth filled arch bridges.
• The bridge deck can be either above, between
or underneath the arches. So far as new arch
bridges are concerned, the arch ribs are
usually made of concrete or steel.

7. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(ARCH BRIDGE)
• An open spandrel arch bridge is usually
constructed of reinforced concrete or in
combination with steel.

8. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(ARCH BRIDGE)
• A closed spandrel arch rib bridge has its side
walls connected to the arch ribs where the
walls are usually made of reinforced concrete.

9. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(TRUSS BRIDGE)
• For this type of bridge the main load carrying element
is the truss, and it is the truss that transfer the loads to
the substructure.
• The bridge deck may be above, between or underneath
the trusses. If the deck is above the trusses, it means
that the deck is above the top chord of the trusses. If
the deck is underneath the trusses, it means that the
deck is situated at the same level as the bottom chord
of the trusses. If the deck is between the trusses, this
means that the deck is situated somewhere between
the bottom and top chord of the trusses.

10. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(TRUSS BRIDGE)

11. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(CABLE SUPPORTED BRIDGES)
• A Cable Bridge is a bridge in which the
superstructure is directly or indirectly
supported by cables, and where the cables
pass over or are attached to the towers.
• The Static System of a Cable Supported Bridge
is dependent on how the Stiffening Structure
is supported on the towers. It can be either
simply supported or continuously.

12. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(CABLE SUPPORTED BRIDGES)
Suspension Bridges
• Suspension Bridges have normally two towers on
which the cables rest, and the tensile forces of
the cables are transmitted to the anchoring at the
extreme ends of the cables.. If there is more than
one main span, a suspension bridge might have
more than two towers.
• The hangers are connected to the cables at one
end and to the cross beams or the stiffening
structure at the other.

13. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(CABLE SUPPORTED BRIDGES)
VIADUCT: SEPERATELY SUPPORTED SPANS

14. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(CABLE SUPPORTED BRIDGES)
Cable Stayed Bridges
• Cable Stayed Bridges must have at least one tower, but if
there are more than two main spans, two or more towers
have to be provided.
• In the case of Cable Stayed Bridges, the bridge deck is
carried by cables anchored to the upper part of the
tower(s) at one end and to the bridge deck at the other.
Normally the tensile forces of the cables are transmitted to
the tower(s) with anchoring only in the bridge deck at each
side of the tower. Sometimes, however, the cables can be
anchored to the deck at one side of the tower and in the
ground or rock at the other side.

15. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(CABLE SUPPORTED BRIDGES)

16. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(MOVEVABLE BRIDGES)
• A Moveable bridge is a bridge having one or
more spans capable of being raised, turned,
lifted, or slid from its closed position in order
to provide passage to navigable traffic.
• A Moveable Bridge is in most cases an
ordinary beam/girder bridge equipped with
machinery which allows the bridge to move in
the desired direction.

17. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(MOVEVABLE BRIDGES)
Bascule Bridges
• A Bascule Bridge is a bridge crossing a waterway with one
or two leaves which rotate from a horizontal to a near-
vertical position, providing unlimited clear headway.
• The superstructure of a bascule bridge turns around a
horizontal trunnion - in the vertical plane.
• The principal systems for Bascule Bridges are:
- Fixed Trunnion Bascule Bridge
- Rolling Lift Bascule Bridge
- Bascule Draw Bridge
- Double Leaf Bascule Bridge

18. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(MOVEVABLE BRIDGES)

19. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(MOVEVABLE BRIDGES)

20. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(MOVEVABLE BRIDGES)
Swing Bridges
• A Swing Bridge is a moveable bridge in which
the superstructure rotates horizontally about
a center pier (pivot), to permit the passage of
navigable traffic.

21. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(MOVEVABLE BRIDGES)
• A Balanced Cantilever Bridge is located on top of a
pier and rests on a pivot.
• The superstructure of the bridge has two leaves of the
same length which can span two waterways.
• A sketch of a balanced cantilever bridge is shown
below. The spans are usually, but not necessarily equal.
When open, the swing spans are cantilevered from the
pivot.
• When closed, the spans are supported by the pivot pier
and by two rest piers (outer) or abutments.

22. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(MOVEVABLE BRIDGES)

23. CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(MOVEVABLE BRIDGES)