basics of Indian Polity by Krishna Pradeep.Details of the syllabus for the Civils prelims

1. Basics in Indian Polity
Syllabus and Terminology

2. Prelims – Polity Syllabus
Indian Polity and Governance
• Constitution
• Political System,
• Panchayati Raj
• Public Policy
• Rights Issues

3. • Constitution
• Governance
• Polity
• Social Justice
• International Relations
Mains – Polity Syllabus

4. Mains Syllabus - Constitution
1. Indian Constitution- historical
underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significan
t provisions and basic structure.
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the
States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal
structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local
levels and challenges therein.
3. Separation of powers between various organs - dispute
redressal mechanisms and institutions.
4. Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that
of other countries
5. Parliament and State Legislatures -
structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers &
privileges and issues arising out of these.

5. Mains Syllabus - Polity
• Structure, organization and functioning of the
Executive and the Judiciary - Ministries and
Departments of the Government;
• Pressure groups and formal/informal associations and
their role in the Polity
• Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
• Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers,
functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional
Bodies
• Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies
• Government policies and interventions for
development in various sectors and issues arising out of
their design and implementation.

6. Mains Syllabus - Social Justice
• Development processes and the development
industry- the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and
associations, donors, charities, institutional and other
stakeholders
• Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the
population by the Centre and States and the
performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws,
institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection
and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
• Issues relating to development and management of
Social Sector/ Services relating to Health, Education,
Human Resources.
• Issues relating to poverty and hunger.

7. Mains syllabus - Governance
• Important aspects of governance
• Transparency and accountability
• e-governance- applications, models, successes,
limitations, and potential;
• Citizens charters, transparency & accountability and
institutional and other measures.
• Role of civil services in a democracy.

8. Mains Syllabus –
International Relations
• India and its neighborhood- relations.
• Bilateral, regional and global groupings and
agreements involving India and/or affecting
India’s interests
• Effect of policies and politics of developed and
developing countries on India’s interests
• Indian diaspora.
• Important International institutions, agencies
and fora- their structure, mandate.

9. Polity Politics Political
Science
1.A geographic
area with a
corresponding
Government
2. Thomas
Hobbes considered
bodies politic in
this sense
in Leviathan
1. Achieving and
exercising
positions
of governance
2. It is the practice
and theory of
influencing other
people on a civic or
individual level.
1.A study of the state,
nation, government,
and politics and
policies of
government
2. Aristotle
defined it as the
study of the state

10. Leviathan
It is a book written
by Thomas Hobbes in
1651
The work concerns the
structure of society and
legitimate government,
and is regarded as one
of the earliest and most
influential examples
of social contract theory

11. Government
1. Government is the
means by which state
policy is enforced, as well
as the mechanism for
determining the policy of
the state.
2. Government in a
democracy consists
of - legislature,
executive and
Judiciary

12. Legislature
• It is the law making
body
• Examples –
1. India – Parliament
2. States – Assembly
3. US – Congress
4. UK – Parliament
5. Pakistan- Majlis-e-
Shoora
6. Japan - Diet

13. Executive
• Law enforcing /
Implementing agency
• It includes –
1. President
2. Prime Minister
3. Council of Ministers
4. Chief Minister
5. Governor
6. King / Queen
7. Dictator

14. Standard of the President of India
1st quarter: state emblem
(the lions of Sarnath) to
represent national unity;
2nd quarter: elephant
from Ajanta Caves to
represent patience and
strength
3rd quarter: scales from the
Red Fort, Old Delhi to
represent justice
4th quarter: lotus vase
from Sarnath to represent
prosperity

15. Judiciary
• Law interpretative
Agency
• Examples –
1. India – Supreme Court
2. US – Federal Court
3. UK – Supreme court

16. Governance
• It is the act of
governing.
• A networked
Government
• Government working
with -
a. Market
b. Civil Society
Govt
Civil
Society
Market

17. Panchayat Raj
• It is an "assembly"
(ayat) of five
(panch) wise and
respected elders
chosen and
accepted by the
local community.

18. Panchayat Raj Structure

19. Gram Panchayat

20. Panchayat Samiti
• Intermediate
Panchayat
• Block level
Panchayat
• Tehsil
• Mandal Parishat
• Kshetra Panchayat
Taluka

21. Zilla Parishat
• District level
local body
• District council
• District
Panchayat
• Zilla Panchayat

22. Public Policy
• PP is what ever the
government
chooses to do or
not to do
• Most Powerful
Policy making body
– The Cabinet

23. Rights
• Rights are the privileges
offered by the state
• Rights are not optional
• They are not Charity
• They are the
entitlements of the
citizens
• If you ignore them they
ignore you
• Every Human has rights