2. CONTENTS
● DATABASE
● DATABSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
● PURPOSE OF DBMS
● APPLICATIONS OF DBMS
● ADVANTAGES OF DBMS
● DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS
3. WHAT IS A DATABASE?
● A database is an organized collection of data. A
relational database, more restrictively, is a collection
of schemas, tables, queries, reports, views, and other
elements.
● Data is organized into rows, columns and tables, and it
is indexed to make it easier to find relevant information.
Data gets updated, expanded and deleted as new
information is added. Databases process workloads to
create and update themselves, querying the data they
contain and running applications against it.
4. WHAT IS A DATABASE?
● A database is not generally portable across different
DBMSs, but different DBMSs can interoperate by
using standards such as SQL and ODBC or JDBC to
allow a single application to work with more than one
DBMS.
● Database designers typically organize the data to model
aspects of reality in a way that supports processes
requiring information, such as (for example) modelling
the availability of rooms in hotels in a way that supports
finding a hotel with vacancies.
5. WHAT IS A DBMS?
● Stands for "Database Management System."
● A DBMS is a database program. Technically, it is a
software system that uses a standard method of
cataloguing, retrieving, and running queries on data.
● The DBMS manages incoming data, organizes it, and
provides ways for the data to be modified or extracted
by users or other programs.
● Some DBMS examples include MySQL, PostgreSQL,
Microsoft Access, SQL Server, FileMaker, Oracle,
RDBMS, dBase, Clipper, and FoxPro.
6. WHAT IS A DBMS?
● Since there are so many database management systems
available, it is important for there to be a way for them
to communicate with each other. For this reason, most
database software comes with an Open Database
Connectivity (ODBC) driver that allows the database to
integrate with other databases.
● For example, common SQL statements such as SELECT
and INSERT are translated from a program’s
proprietary syntax into a syntax other databases can
understand.
7. PURPOSE OF DBMS
1. DATA REDUNDANCY
In previous data management system (file processing
system), different programmer creates files and writes
application programs to access it. In file system, each
application accessed its own private files which cannot be
shared between different applications.
If two applications needs same file then there must be two
files for both application. This causes data redundancy.
For example, ‘Need For Speed’ game needs ‘direct X 9’ file
and ‘counter strike’ game needs it too. Now a days, if we
install direct x 10 once then it will be accessed by many
programs. This minimized data redundancy.
8. PURPOSE OF DBMS
2. DATA INTEGRITY IS ENFORCED
Accurate data is maintained in database management
system. Some kind of constraints are enforced on the
database to maintain integrity.
For example, If the data type is numbers (age) in the table,
then you cannot enter text.
3. INCONSISTENCY CAN BE AVOIDED
Data is accessed and manipulated frequently. If two
programs are accessing the same data and one program
changed it, then another program processes with wrong
data so it should avoid the chances of inconsistency.
9. PURPOSE OF DBMS
4. DATA CAN BE SHARED
Data can be shared in centralized database management
system. Because of sharing of data, different applications
can access the centralized data.
6. PROVIDE BACKUP AND RECOVERY
As database has vital and important data, there is need of
backup and recovery. Backup and recovery must be
reliable and possible when needed. Software and hardware
failure is often and database backup and recovery is
important in case of failure.
10. APPLICATION OF DBMS
● Telecom:
There is a database to keeps track of the information
regarding calls made, network usage, customer details etc.
Without the database systems it is hard to maintain that
huge amount of data that keeps updating every
millisecond.
● Industry:
Where it is a manufacturing unit, warehouse or
distribution centre, each one needs a database to keep the
records of ins and outs. For example distribution centre
have to keep track of the product units that supplied in
and products that got delivered out each day.
11. APPLICATION OF DBMS
● Banking System:
For storing customer info, tracking day to day credit and
debit transactions, generating bank statements etc. All this
work has been done with the help of Database
management systems.
● Education sector:
Database systems are frequently used in schools and
colleges to store and retrieve the data regarding student
details, staff details, course details, exam details, payroll
data, attendance details, fees details etc. There is a lot of
inter-related data that needs to be stored and retrieved in
an efficient manner.
12. APPLICATION OF DBMS
● Online shopping:
We are aware of the online shopping websites such as
Amazon, Flipkart etc. These sites store the product
information, your addresses and preferences, credit details
and provide you the relevant list of products based on your
query. All this involves a Database management system.
● Military:
Military keeps records of millions of soldiers and it has
millions of files that should be keep secured and safe. As
DBMS provides a big security assurance to the military
information so it is widely used in militaries.
13. APPLICATION OF DBMS
● Social Media Sites:
We all are on social media websites to share our views and
connect with our friends. Daily millions of users signed up
for these social media accounts like Facebook, twitter,
Pinterest and Google plus. But how all the information of
users are stored and how we become able to connect to
other people is because of DBMS.
● Military:
Military keeps records of millions of soldiers and it has
millions of files that should be keep secured and safe. As
DBMS provides a big security assurance to the military
information so it is widely used in militaries.
14. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS
1. IMPROVED DATA SHARING:
An advantage of the database management approach is,
the DBMS helps to create an environment in which end
users have better access to more and better-managed data.
Such access makes it possible for end users to respond
quickly to changes in their environment.
2. IMPROVED DATA SECURITY:
The more users access the data, greater the risks of data
security breaches. Corporations invest huge amounts of
time, effort, and money to ensure that corporate data are
used properly. A DBMS provides a framework for better
enforcement of data privacy and security policies.
15. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS
3. INCONSISTENCY CAN BE AVOIDED:
When the same data is duplicated and changes are made at
only one site, it gives inconsistency and the two entries of
same data will not agree. At such times data is said to be
inconsistent. So, if the redundancy is removed chances of
having inconsistent data is also removed.
4. STANDARDS CAN BE ENFORCED:
DBMS is a central system, so standard can be enforced
easily may be at Company level/Department level. This
data is helpful during interchanging of data. The file
system is an independent system so standard cannot be
enforced on multiple applications.
16. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS
5. PROVIDING BACKUP AND RECOVERY:
The backup and recovery subsystem of the DBMS is
responsible for recovery. For example, if the computer
system fails in the middle of a complex update program,
the recovery subsystem is makes sure that the database is
restored before the program started executing.
6. INCREASED END USER PRODUCTIVITY:
The availability of data, combined with the tools that
transform data into usable information, empowers end
users to make quick, informed decisions that can make the
difference between success and failure in the global
economy.
17. DISADVANTAGES OF
DBMS
1. COMPLEXITY:
The provision of the functionality that is expected of a
good DBMS makes the DBMS an extremely complex piece
of software. Database designers, developers, database
administrators and end-users must understand this
functionality to take full advantage of it. Failure to
understand the system can lead to bad design decisions,
which can have serious consequences for an organization.
18. DISADVANTAGES OF
DBMS
2. SIZE:
The complexity and breadth of functionality makes the
DBMS an extremely large piece of software, occupying
many megabytes of disk space and requiring substantial
amounts of memory to run efficiently.
3. PERFORMANCE:
File Based system is written for a specific application,
such as invoicing. As result, performance is generally very
good but DBMS is for more general applications than one.
So, some applications may not run as fast as they used to.
19. DISADVANTAGES OF
DBMS
4. COST OF CONVERSION:
In some situations, the cost of DBMS and extra hardware
may be insignificant compared with the cost of converting
existing applications to run on the new DBMS and
hardware. This cost also includes the cost of training staff
to use these new systems and possibly the employment of
specialist staff to help with conversion and running of the
system. This cost is one of the main reasons why some
organizations feel tied to their current systems and cannot
switch to modern database technology.
20. DISADVANTAGES OF
DBMS
5. HIGHER IMPACT OF FAILURE:
The centralization of resources increases the vulnerability
of the system. Since all users and applications rely on the
vailabi1ity of the DBMS, the failure of any component can
bring operations to a halt.
6. COST OF DBMS:
The cost of DBMS varies significantly, depending on the
environment and functionality provided. There is also the
recurrent annual maintenance cost.
