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NewBase Energy News 04 November 2022 No. 1563 Senior Editor Eng. Khaed Al Awadi
NewBase for discussion or further details on the news below you may contact us on +971504822502, Dubai, UAE
U.A.E: Adnoc, ADQ launch next phase of growth for Ta’ziz project
Khaleej Times + New|Base
Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc) and ADQ, the majority shareholders in Ta’ziz, on
Thursday launched the next phase of growth at the Ta’ziz Industrial Chemicals Zone in Al Ruways
Industrial City.
In a statement, the Abu Dhabi-based group said the move will more than double the number of
chemicals produced at the industrial hub.
The centrepiece of the expansion will be a new world-scale, low-carbon footprint steam cracker to
supply feedstocks for the various downstream production units, bringing multiple new product value
chains to the UAE for the first time. The project is in the feasibility study phase, with the design
phase set to commence in first quarter of 2023.
The first phase of Ta’ziz growth continues to progress, with a new strategic agreement signed at
the Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference (Adipec) to advance the
development of world-scale facilities for the production of ethylene dichloride (EDC) and chlor-alkali,
polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Site preparation at Ta’ziz is underway and final investment decisions on
the first phase of projects are expected before year end.

In line with the UAE Net Zero by 2050 Strategic Initiative, Ta’ziz will leverage low carbon electricity
sources such as cogeneration from the on-site utility facility, grid power from nuclear and solar clean
energy and use best available technology to drive manufacturing growth with lower carbon
emissions.
Khaleefa Yousef Al Mheiri, Ta’ziz acting chief executive officer, said Ta’ziz is a critical enabler of
the UAE’s industrial development and manufacturing growth ambitions. "Following strong demand
from partners and investors for the first phase of world-scale growth at Ta’ziz, and capitalising on
growing global demand for chemicals, we are expediting plans for the next phase of expansion of
our chemicals production.
“In line with our chemicals’ growth strategy, this major project supports our wise leadership’s vision
to harness our country’s vast natural resources, while responding to the growing global demand for
chemicals.
By leveraging clean grid power and gas-based feedstocks, we are building new low-carbon
industrial value chains that will further grow, diversify and future-proof our economy, as well as
create opportunities to support the private sector,” he said.
During Adipec, the Ta’ziz EDC/PVC partners, Ta’ziz, Reliance Industries and Shaheen signed a
joint venture incorporation agreement for the development of a world-scale ethylene dichloride
(EDC), chlor-alkali, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production facility, with a total investment in excess of
$2 billion (Dh7.34 billion).
Fertiglobe, Mitsui & Co, Ltd (Mitsui) and GS Energy Corporation (GS Energy) are also partnering
with Ta’ziz to develop a world-scale low-carbon ammonia facility while Ta’ziz and Proman are
focused on progressing a methanol facility, both at the Ta’ziz Industrial Chemicals Zone.
The Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contract for the utility facilities and the EPC
contract for the logistics facilities marine works have both been tendered, with EPC awards expected
shortly.
The total investment in the first phase of Ta’ziz will be in excess of $5 billion (Dh18 billion), with
most of the chemicals produced in the UAE for the first time. All agreements are subject to regulatory
approvals. Launched at the end of 2020, Ta’ziz is driving and enabling expansion of the Al Ruways
Industrial City, as well as Abu Dhabi’s wider chemicals, manufacturing and industrial sectors.

Kuwait: 1stP. of Al Zour refinery begins commercial operations,
The National - Deena Kamel + NEwBAse
State-owned Kuwait Integrated Petroleum Industries (Kipic) said on Sunday that the first phase of Al
Zour refinery has begun commercial operations. Operations started after the refinery last month
started to produce and sell fuel oil and supply it to local power stations, Kipic said in a tweet.
The move will be followed by the second
and third phases of the refinery's
operations, moving towards full maximum
refining capacity, said Waleed Al Bader,
Kipic chief executive.
The facility is designed to process heavy
crudes and will have a capacity of
615,000 barrels per day, according to its
website. The refining complex will supply
low-sulphur fuel oil to the domestic power
sector and also produce jet fuel, kerosene
and naphtha feedstock for chemical
plants.
Al Zour will be the largest integrated
refinery and petrochemicals plant in
Kuwait. The project will also contribute to
providing jobs for Kuwaiti citizens, Kipic's
chief executive said. Four new mega-
facilities for refining, totalling almost 1.4
million barrels per day, have either begun
operations in the Middle East or are
expected to begin later this year or early
next year.
These include Jazan, in south-western Saudi Arabia, which began operations last year and is now
commissioning its diesel production. Kuwait’s Al Zour has begun first-phase operations, while Iraq’s
Karbala is expected in the autumn and Oman’s Duqm early next year.
GCC economies are projected to grow 6.9 per cent in 2022 before moderating to 3.7 per cent and
2.4 per cent in 2023 and 2024, respectively, driven by stronger hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon
industries, the World Bank has said.
The easing of coronavirus-induced movement and social restrictions, and positive developments in
the hydrocarbon market drove strong recoveries in 2021 and 2022 across the six-member economic
bloc, the Washington-based lender said in its Gulf Economic Update report last week.
The increase in oil and gas prices, exacerbated by the war in Ukraine, is estimated to provide a
windfall for the GCC, it said. Kuwait’s economic growth is forecast to accelerate to 8.5 per cent in
2022 before slowing to an average of 2.5 per cent in 2023 and 2024.
The $16bn (KWD4.8bn) oil refinery is expected to deliver 615,000 barrels per day. Construction
listings website ProTenders cites Canadian contractor SNC-Lavalin as Al-Zour oil refinery’s testing
and commissioning consultant, whilst Van Oord and Saud Abdulaziz Alrashed & Brothers Company
are named dredging contractors for the project.

The FDH joint venture that includes America’s Fluor, and South Korea’s Daewoo Engineering and
Construction and Hyundai Heavy Industries, is Kipic’s engineering, procurement, and construction
contractor for the oil refinery’s Packages 2 and 3. In a project listing on its website, Fluor says it is
delivering work on lump-sum basis for the oil refinery.
Fluor booked its $2.6bn portion of the contract in Q3 2015, according to a statement published by
the US firm in October 2015. Fluor is leading the FDH JV, which as of October 2015, was also
implementing a package for Kuwait National Petroleum Company’s Clean Fuels project.
ProTenders data shows 2020 as Al-Zour oil refinery’s completion deadline. Fluor’s involvement with
Al-Zour’s oil refinery is also demonstrated through Cooec-Fluor, a partnership formed by the
American firm and Offshore Oil Engineering Co (Cooec) for the offshore, onshore, infrastructure,
power, and mining markets.
The Cooec-Fluor partnership is recognised by Chinese law as an independent company, and owns,
operates, and manages the Zhuhai fabrication yard near Hong Kong in the Guangdong Province of
China. Cooec is a listed entity “controlled by China National Offshore Oil Corporation”, according to
the partnership company’s website.
Cooec-Fluor is carrying out “large-scale offsite pipe fabrication”, as well as developing a pre-
assembled rack and unit, for Al-Zour oil refinery. Modules for the project are being manufactured at
the Zhuhai fabrication yard, and in May 2018, 14 of the project’s 188 modules were shipped from
the yard to Kuwait.
Meanwhile, the $3bn (KWD912m) LNG processing facilities within Al-Zour complex are 66.5%
complete, according to official Kuwaiti data released in March 2019. Upon start-up, the plants will
have a production capacity of three billion thermal units of gas.
SMBC is among the LNG plants’ financiers according to ProTenders data, whilst Kogas and Hyundai
Engineering and Construction are said to be jointly involved as the LNG components’ EPC
contractors. Like the oil refinery, Al-Zour’s LNG projects are also due for completion in 2020.

Additional details of Al-Zour’s petrochemicals complex have yet to be revealed, but in January
2019, Kuwait’s oil ministry said that the project was in the front-end engineering design (Feed)
phase, on which work is due to complete this year.
At the time, Kipic said that EPC work on Al-Zour’s petrochemicals complex would complete in Q3
2023, with start-up expected in Q1 2024. ProTenders lists Equate Petrochemical Co alongside Kipic
as Al-Zour petrochemicals complex’s developers, with KBC and SCPD named feasibility
consultants. The listings website places the petrochemicals project’s value at $7.8bn (KWD2.3bn).
Public relations officer of Kuwait’s Ministry of Oil, Sheikha Tamathur Al-Sabah, said Al-Zour’s
developments are part of “a new ideology” adopted by the energy authority, Kuwait’s state-news
agency, Kuna, reported.
Kuwait expects to meet 15% of its local energy needs through renewable sources by 2030.

India: Methane cloud spotted by satellite near India waste site
Bloomberg News
A high-resolution satellite image taken less than 48 hours ago shows a cloud of the powerful
greenhouse gas methane near a waste facility in India. The image is the second in a series of
exclusive observations Bloomberg Green will publish during COP27 from emissions monitoring firm
GHGSat Inc.
The detection highlights how piles of garbage — which generate the potent greenhouse gas when
organic material like food scraps break down in the absence of oxygen — are triggering some of
the world’s strongest and most persistent methane emissions. Landfills and wastewater are
responsible about 20% of the methane emissions generated from human activity.
ethane is the primary component of natural gas and responsible for about 30% of the Earth’s
warming. Leaks can occur during extraction and transport of the fossil fuel, but methane is also
routinely generated as a byproduct of oil and coal production and if operators don’t have
infrastructure to get the gas to market they may release it into the atmosphere. The International
Energy Agency has called for oil and gas operators to halt all non-emergency methane venting.
The satellite image taken at 1:15 pm Beijing time on Nov. 4 and shows six methane releases in
northeast China from the Daqing oilfield, according to GHGSat. Estimated emissions rates ranged
between 446 and 884 kilograms per hour and the cumulative rate was 4,477 kilograms an hour, the

Montreal-based company said. If the releases lasted for an hour at that rate they would have the
same short-term climate impact as the annual emissions from about 81 US cars.
Scientists say reducing the emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, which has 84 times the
warming power of carbon dioxide during its first two decades in the atmosphere, is one of the fastest
and cheapest ways to cool the planet.
A high-resolution satellite image taken less than 48 hours ago appears to show methane releases
from China’s largest oilfield. The image is the first in a series of exclusive observations Bloomberg
Green will publish during COP27 from emissions monitoring firm GHGSat Inc.
The detection highlights the rapidly expanding ability of satellites to identify and track methane
almost anywhere in the world that is driving a new era of climate transparency in which greenhouse
gases will be quantified and attributed in near real-time to individual assets and companies.
Scientists say reducing the emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, which has 84 times the
warming power of carbon dioxide during its first two decades in the atmosphere, is one of the fastest
and cheapest ways to cool the planet.
Methane is the primary component of natural gas and responsible for about 30% of the Earth’s
warming. Leaks can occur during extraction and transport of the fossil fuel, but methane is also
routinely generated as a byproduct of oil and coal production and if operators don’t have
infrastructure to get the gas to market they may release it into the atmosphere. The International
Energy Agency has called for oil and gas operators to halt all non-emergency methane venting.
The satellite image taken at 1:15 pm Beijing time on Nov. 4 and shows six methane releases in
northeast China from the Daqing oilfield, according to GHGSat. Estimated emissions rates ranged
between 446 and 884 kilograms per hour and the cumulative rate was 4,477 kilograms an hour, the
Montreal-based company said. If the releases lasted for an hour at that rate they would have the
same short-term climate impact as the annual emissions from about 81 US cars.

PetroChina, which operates the Daqing oil field, didn’t immediately respond to an email seeking
comment on Sunday outside of regular business hours. China’s Ministry of Ecology and
Environment didn’t immediately respond to a faxed request for comment on Sunday.
China is the world’s largest source of energy-related methane emissions with an estimated 28
million metric tons last year, according to the International Energy Agency’s Methane Tracker.
Russia was second and the US third with 18 million and 17 million tons respectively.
China is the world’s largest coal miner, the fourth-biggest producer of natural gas and ranks sixth in
terms of crude output. The country has so far declined to join the Global Methane Pledge, a US-
and EU-led initiative that aims to cut emissions of the potent greenhouse gas 30% by the end of
this decade from 2020 levels. More than 120 countries have so far joined the effort.
More companies and institutions are launching multi-spectral satellites that can detect methane’s
unique signature. GHGSat has six satellites in orbit now dedicated to monitoring industrial methane
and aims to launch another five by the end of next year. US non-profit Environmental Defense Fund
plans to launch its MethaneSAT in 2023 and a consortium including Carbon Mapper, the State of
California, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Planet Labs expects to launch two satellites next
year.
Around 40% of total methane emissions generated from human activity come from the energy sector
and more than 40% of oil and gas emissions could be reduced at no net cost using existing
technologies, according to the IEA. That’s because the captured gas can be sold as a product and
combusted for energy or heating. Methane is the primary component of natural gas.
Concentrations of methane in the atmosphere had the biggest year-on-year jump since
measurements began four decades ago, according to the World Meteorological Organization.

Chinese Oil Imports Jump to Five-Month High on Quota Impact
Bloomberg + NewBase
China stepped up oil imports last month after the government released more fuel-export quota in an
attempt to help revive the country’s virus-battered economy.
The world’s biggest crude importer bought 43.14 million tons in October, according to customs data
released Monday. That equates to 10.2 million barrels a day, which is 4% higher than September
and the most since May.
Beijing issued 15 million tons of fuel-export quota in late September, which can possibly be rolled
over into the first quarter. The impact of the allocations will continue to show up in the crude import
data for a few months, with almost 9.3 million barrels a day of oil being loaded to head to China in
October, the highest since December 2021, tanker-tracking data compiled by Bloomberg show.
The extra quota and a cut in the official selling price of Saudi Arabian grades to Asia likely led to the
rise in imports, Emma Li, an analyst at Vortexa Ltd. “China’s crude import growth is mostly triggered
by export quota, with domestic demand still sluggish.”
Despite the increase in quota, China’s net fuel exports fell 43% in October from a month earlier,
separate data released Monday showed. And that was as state-owned refiners increased activity
during the month, according to industry consultant OilChem. Run rates were at 76.4% of capacity
on Nov. 3, the highest since April.
The October imports were slightly above the 10 million-a-day level, the pre-virus average. The drop
in net fuel exports likely reflects a lag effect, as it takes refiners time to import the crude, process it
into products such as diesel and gasoline, and then send it abroad.

U.S: 25% of the U.S. coal-fired fleet scheduled to retire by 2029
U.S. Energy Information Administration, Monthly Electric Generator Inventory
Due to continued competition from natural gas and renewable resources, 23% of the 200,568
megawatts (MW) of coal-fired capacity currently operating in the United States has reported plans
to retire by the end of 2029, according to our Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory.
Between 2012 and 2021, an average of 9,450 MW of U.S. coal-fired capacity was retired each year.
In 2022, U.S. coal retirements will total 11,778 MW if the remaining retirements reported to us
proceed as scheduled.
The pace of planned coal-fired retirements slows down after 2022; the largest amount of capacity
retirement we expect over the next seven years is 9,842 MW in 2028. Planned retirements continue
to be focused on relatively older facilities.
Coal-fired generators—especially older, less efficient units—face higher operating and
maintenance costs, which make them less competitive and more likely to retire. In addition, some
coal-fired power plants must comply with regulations limiting the discharge of wastewater by 2028,
which would require additional capital investment, likely influencing the decision to retire some of
these coal-fired units.
The planned coal-fired retirements span 24 states, including several that do not currently
have renewable portfolio standards, or other clean energy policies that require electricity suppliers
to supply a set share of their electricity from specified renewable or carbon-free resources.
Michigan, Texas, Indiana, and Tennessee have the most coal-fired capacity announced to retire
through 2029, accounting for a combined 42%.
The type of coal used by retiring units is shifting from mostly bituminous, accounting for 68% of the
U.S. coal-fired capacity that was retired from 2011 to 2020, to mostly subbituminous- and refined

coal-fueled plants, which account for a combined 68% of planned retirements between 2022 and
2029. Only 31% of the planned retirements over that time period are primarily fueled by bituminous
coal.
Refined coal, which is made by mixing proprietary additives to feedstock coal, benefited from a tax
credit that expired in early 2022. Of the 55,943 MW of U.S. coal-fired capacity that primarily burns
refined coal, 27% (15,269 MW) has reported plans to retire between 2022 and 2029.
Power plant owners and operators report planned retirements and additions to EIA in
our annual and monthly electric generator surveys. The last large (greater than 100 MW) coal-fired
power plant built in the United States was the 932 MW Sandy Creek Energy Station in Texas, which
came online in 2013. As of September 2022, developers have not reported any plans to build new
U.S. coal-fired capacity in the future.

NewBase November 08 -2022 Khaled Al Awadi
NewBase for discussion or further details on the news below you may contact us on +971504822502, Dubai, UAE
Oil prices steady as supply woes offset recession fears
Reuters + NewBase
Oil prices were little changed early on Tuesday as supply worries offset recession fears and China's
commitment to its zero-COVID policy. Brent crude rose 7 cents, or 0.1%, to $97.99 a barrel by 0155
GMT, while U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude rose 7 cents, or 0.1%, to $91.86 a barrel.
Both benchmarks hit their highest since August on Monday amid reports that leaders in China, the
world's top crude importer, were weighing an exit from the country's strict COVID-19 restrictions.
However, Chinese health officials over the weekend reaffirmed China's commitment to its strict
zero-COVID policy. Also, recent data showed the country's exports and imports unexpectedly
contracted in October.
The near-term fundamentals for oil remain bullish, with the focus returning to supply issues, ANZ
Research analysts said. "The market is facing the deadline for European imports of Russian oil
before sanctions kick in," ANZ added.
Oil price special
coverage

The European Union ban on Russian oil, imposed in retaliation for Russia's invasion of Ukraine, is
set to start on Dec. 5 and will be followed by a halt on oil product imports in February.
Market participants will be eyeing the U.S. CPI data this week for trading cues "where sticky inflation
may strengthen the Fed's hawkish stance and intensify recession fears", weighing on oil, CMC
Markets analyst Tina Teng said.
U.S. crude oil stocks were expected to have risen by about 1.1 million barrels last week, a
preliminary Reuters poll showed on Monday.
The poll was conducted ahead of reports from the American Petroleum Institute due at 4:30 p.m.
ET (2130 GMT) on Tuesday, and the Energy Information Administration due at 10:30 a.m. (1530
GMT) on Wednesday.

NewBase Specual Coverage
The Energy world –November -01 -2022
CLEAN ENERGY
COP27 Talks Begin With Deal to Discuss Climate Reparations
Bloomberg + NewBase
UN climate talks began in Egypt Sunday with a deal to discuss how rich countries can help pay for
the damages caused by global warming elsewhere.
The breakthrough, reported in advance by Bloomberg, will allow diplomats to officially debate so-
called “loss and damage” for the first time during the two week conference in Egypt’s Sharm el-
Sheikh resort.
Developing countries have been demanding a discussion on climate reparations since Conference
of Parties, or COP, meetings started in the early 1990s.
But industrialized nations that have prospered for two centuries at the expense of the planet
repeatedly blocked efforts to add it to the agenda, fearing it would open up demands for billions of
dollars in compensation from poorer countries.
 Recent climate disasters, such as the floods in Pakistan, had put the issue back into focus.
 Why ‘Loss and Damage’ Is a Climate Talks Battleground: QuickTake

Egypt’s Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry said the breakthrough was reached after 48 hours of
intense talks concluded with a compromise; the discussion would focus on “cooperation and
facilitation” not “liability or compensation.”
“Inclusion of this agenda reflects a sense of solidarity and empathy with the suffering of the victims,”
Shoukry said after taking up his position as COP27 president Sunday.
The delegates would aim to reach a conclusive decision on loss and damage “no later than 2024,”
he said.
Global Warming Turned 2022 Into a ‘Chronicle of Climate Chaos’
A year of record heat, drought and floods has added urgency to this year’s climate talks.
A report issued Sunday by the UN World Meteorological Organization said global temperatures are
likely to end the year about 1.15C above the pre-industrial average -- an acceleration that’s
unleashed “climate chaos” across the planet.
The world is currently on track to miss its target to limit global warming to 1.5C by the century’s end.
With the gathering hosted by an African country that’s warming faster than the rest of the world,
climate reparations are expected to be a key focus.
Developing countries and small island states contributed a tiny amount to historical emissions of
planet-warming gases but have been battered by the impact. They had stepped up in recent weeks
demands for the issue to at least be discussed.
The smooth adoption of the agenda followed behind-the-scenes negotiations to avoid a skirmish at
the start of the conference, when the order of proceedings is agreed.
The opening session was delayed for more than an hour to accommodate final discussions on
wording.
Pakistan’s Flood Crisis Bends Climate Talks Towards Reparations

While Sunday’s agreement counts as a diplomatic success, countries will now have to work out how
best to measure loss and damage and how much money will be put on the table by the wealthiest
to help the rest.
Developing nations have been burned before. A plan announced in 2009 to provide an annual $100
billion of mitigation and adaptation finance has never been met.
The Alliance of Small Island States welcomed Sunday’s development but said the issue should
have been addressed long ago. Instead, rich countries continued to burn fossil fuels that are
threatening the survival of some islands.
“We do not want to be treated as though you are doing us a favor by adding an agenda item or
creating a voluntary fund,” it said in a statement. This “reflects the floor of what is acceptable; it is
our bare minimum.”
Egypt already suffers suffocating heat. The flow of the Nile is dwindling and rising sea levels are
damaging some of its most fertile farmland.
Egypt’s Barren Fields Are Dire Bellwether for Climate Summit

As COP27 opened on Sunday, one official after another called for participants to move from talks
to implementation, warning that the window for meaningful action was closing.
“A reasonable sum is more than zero,” Saleemul Huq, a professor at the Independent University in
Bangladesh, said in an interview. “Right now, they’re offering zero, which is absolutely
unacceptable.”
Five things to watch out for at Cop27
It has been a tumultuous 12 months since the last summit, Cop26, in Glasgow. Russia’s invasion
of Ukraine has led to global energy shortfalls, triggering cost of living crises in rich countries and
leaving some poorer nations on the brink of famine.
There has also been a wave of disasters triggered by the climate crisis – from devastating flooding
in Pakistan and western and central Africa, to wildfires and deadly heatwaves across Europe, and
Hurricane Ian’s decimation of Florida. A deluge of new scientific reports warn that the world remains
far off-track in preventing further dangerous temperature rise.
Cop27 needs to be a “down payment” for climate solutions, says UN Secretary-General Antonio
Guterres, but can it live up to what’s needed? Here’s five things to watch out for at the summit.
Where the rubber hits the road
At the Egypt summit, the watchword will be “implementation”.
“The purpose of it is to make sure the promises that were made in Glasgow are actually being
pursued at the pace they need to be pursued,” US special climate envoy John Kerry noted last
week.
Focus will be on the so-called “Nationally Determined Contributions” (NDCs) – each country’s
emissions-reduction plan that goes towards cutting the global carbon footprint by 45 per cent by
2030, and reaching net zero by 2050.
At Cop26, countries committed to coming to Sharm el-Sheikh with more ambitious targets for this
decade – necessary if there’s a chance of meeting the Paris Agreement’s goal of limiting warming
to 1.5C or “well below” 2C.
Yet, only 24 out of 194 countries have submitted new or updated NDCs since the Glasgow summit
– totalling a cut of less than 1 per cent of projected global emissions in 2030, the UN Environment
Programme reported last week.

There will also be discussions on how countries should be measuring emissions to ensure a level
playing field, the UN said this week. These will need to be hammered out before Cop28 which will
see the first Global Stocktake of how far the world has come in achieving its climate goals.
Show me the money
Climate change is wreaking havoc across the Global South – often in places which have contributed
little to global warming, and are least able to cope with its fallout. It has led to intensifying calls from
poorer countries to richer nations for financial support to help them cope.
Take Pakistan, for example. Climate change played a role in this summer’s devastating
flooding which impacted 33 million people and caused an estimated $40bn in damage. However,
historically the country has contributed just 0.4 per cent of the fossil fuel pollution causing the climate
crisis, compared to 21.5 per cent for the US, 16.5 per cent for China and 15 per cent for the
European Union.
Conversations about money will center around a few major issues. Firstly, there’s the “Green
Climate Fund”. Rich countries had pledged to begin providing an annual $100bn to poorer nations
by 2020 but that target has been missed (it’s at around $83bn).
Also expect to hear vociferous calls for “loss and damage” (L&D). In UN-speak, that term refers to
the consequences of the climate crisis that go beyond what people can adapt to.
By 2030, the economic cost of L&D is estimated anywhere from $290-$580bn in developing
countries, according to the climate non-profit, The Heinrich Boell Foundation. By 2050, the cost is
estimated at $1-1.8trillion.
The Alliance of Small Island States – a group of countries vulnerable to sea-level rise and extreme
storms – will propose a “response fund” for climate victims, Climate Home News reported.
However, while rich countries are increasingly acknowledging the importance of dealing with loss
and damage, they will likely pushback hard on talk of legal liability.

Africa, front and center
This is an African Cop and will put the continent, and particularly host nation Egypt, in the spotlight.
Africa is the most vulnerable continent to climate change, and the least resilent in recovery, all while
only being responsible for only 2-3 per cent of global emissions.
African leaders have called for more loss and damage funding but also want developed nations to
collectively double the money that goes towards to helping them adapt to climate change already
taking place by 2025.
More than 600 million Africans still live without electricity and focus will be on how to close that gap
- but by “leap-frogging” fossil fuels in favor of clean and renewable energies.
1.5C.... still alive?
Expect a lot of talk about 1.5 degrees Celsius – the warming limit that was established by the 2015
Paris Agreement. The planet has warmed around 1.2C in the past 150 years, largely due to the
burning of fossil fuels.
The Glasgow Climate Pact focused on keeping that target alive – but “with a weak pulse”, as the
UK President, MP Alok Sharma, described it at the time. If the Glasgow commitments were all
achieved, then the global temperature could be held at 1.8C, the influential International Energy
Agency (IEA) subsequently revealed.
However last week, a series of damning reports found that countries’ current combined pledges put
the planet on a crash course for 2.5C warming, and there is currently “no credible” pathway in place
to rein in global temperature rise to 1.5C.
“We had our chance to make incremental changes, but that time is over,” said Inger Andersen,
executive director of the UN’s Environment Program. “Only a root-and-branch transformation of our
economies and societies can save us from accelerating climate disaster.”
The impact of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has dominated global conversations since March with the climate crisis
taking somewhat of a backseat as national governments focus on soaring inflation, rising costs and
making sure there’s enough fuel reserves to get through the winter.
First the bad news. As Europe particularly has focused on replacing its reliance on Russian gas,
there has been a backslide into using coal, the dirtiest of fossil fuels. This has been most notable in
Germany but it’s not the only place. Global emissions overall are likely to rise once again this year
- albeit more slowly than in the past.
But the Ukraine war could signal the turning point towards clean, renewable energy in the medium
to long-term after the IEA recently found that the global demand for fossil fuels is set to peak or
plateau in the coming decades.
The agency found that coal use will decline in the next few years and natural gas demand will also
reach a plateau by 2030. Increased numbers of electric vehicles will also mean that the need for oil
will level off in the mid-2030s.
“Energy markets and policies have changed as a result of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, not just for
the time being, but for decades to come,” said the IEA’s executive director Fatih Birol.

NewBase Energy News 08 November 2022 - Issue No. 1564 call on +971504822502, UAE
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About: Khaled Malallah Al Awadi,
Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
Emarat member since 1990
ASME member since 1995
Hawk Energy member 2010
www.linkedin.com/in/khaled-al-awadi-38b995b
Mobile: +971504822502
khdmohd@hawkenergy.net or khdmohd@hotmail.com
Khaled Al Awadi is a UAE National with over 30 years of experience in the Oil & Gas
sector. Has Mechanical Engineering BSc. & MSc. Degrees from leading U.S.
Universities. Currently working as self leading external Energy consultant for the GCC
area via many leading Energy Services companies. Khaled is the Founder of the
NewBase Energy news articles issues, Khaled is an international consultant, advisor,
ecopreneur and journalist with expertise in Gas & Oil pipeline Networks, waste
management, waste-to-energy, renewable energy, environment protection and
sustainable development. His geographical areas of focus include Middle East, Africa
and Asia. Khaled has successfully accomplished a wide range of projects in the areas
of Gas & Oil with extensive works on Gas Pipeline Network Facilities & gas compressor
stations. Executed projects in the designing & constructing of gas pipelines, gas
metering & regulating stations and in the engineering of gas/oil supply routes. Has drafted
& finalized many contracts/agreements in products sale, transportation, operation & maintenance
agreements. Along with many MOUs & JVs for organizations & governments authorities. Currently dealing
for biomass energy, biogas, waste-to-energy, recycling and waste management. He has participated in
numerous conferences and workshops as chairman, session chair, keynote speaker and panelist. Khaled is
the Editor-in-Chief of NewBase Energy News and is a professional environmental writer with over 1400
popular articles to his credit. He is proactively engaged in creating mass awareness on renewable energy,
waste management, plant Automation IA and environmental sustainability in different parts of the world.
Khaled has become a reference for many of the Oil & Gas Conferences and for many Energy program
broadcasted internationally, via GCC leading satellite Channels. Khaled can be reached at any time, see
contact details above.

NewBase 08-November -2022 Energy News issue - 1564 by Khaled Al Awadi_compressed (1).pdf

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NewBase 08-November -2022 Energy News issue - 1564 by Khaled Al Awadi_compressed (1).pdf