An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb. Most adverbs are formed by adding "-ly" to adjectives. However, some adverbs have irregular formations or are identical in form to their related adjectives. There are different types of adverbs including adverbs of time, place, manner, frequency, probability, and degree. Each type provides additional information about verbs or adjectives, such as when, where, how, how often, the level of certainty or extent of the action.

1. Adverb

2. What is Adverb?
• An adverb is a word that modifies
a verb, an adjective, or another
adverb.
• Adverbs are like adjectives, it
describe other word or make
other words more specific.

3. FORMING ADVERBS
Example:
She always signs her name with “Ms.”
(When?)
They put the children downstairs? (Where?)
Knead the dough slowly. (How?)
I objected mildly to the suggestion. (How
much?)

4. Adjective Adverb
Careful
Collective
Beautiful
Frequent
Normal
Important
Free
True
Fair
General
Sincere
Foolish
Quiet
Silent
Surprising
Carefully
Collectively
Beautifully
Frequently
Normally
Importantly
Freely
Truly
Fairly
Generally
Sincerely
Foolishly
Quietly
Silently
Surprisingly
Most adverbs can be formed from the adjectives by adding “ly” at the end.
First Case

5. Adjective Adverb
Easy
Necessary
Happy
Risky
Healthy
Wealthy
Easily
Necessarily
Happily
Riskily
Healthily
Wealthily
Adjective Adverb
Shy
Sly
Shyly
Slyly
Lovely, friendly…
NOTE 1: Some adverbs have two or more syllables and end in “consonant + y” we have to
change y to i before adding “ly”.
NOTE 2: Some adverbs have only one syllable and end in “consonant + y” we must just add “ly”
to the adjectives to form adverbs.
WARNING: Some words end in “ly” but they are not adverbs. The following words are the
adjectives but not adverbs.

6. Second Case
Some adverbs can be made from adjectives but we don’t add
“ly.” For those adverbs we have to change their form from the
adjectives to adverbs. Notice that we use the superlative degree
of the adjective to form adverbs.
Adjective Adverb
Late
Many
Good
Last
Most
Well

7. Third Case
Adjective Adverb
Cowardly
Hourly
Hard
Fast
Late
Well
Cowardly
Hourly
Hard
Fast
Late
Well
For some adverbs can be made from the adjectives without changing any
letter and we just keep the same form from adjectives.

8. Types of Adverb
1. Adverb of Time
2. Adverb of Place
3. Adverb of Manner
4. Adverb of Frequency
5. Adverb of Probability
6. Adverb of Degree

9. Adverb of Time
Today, last night, yesterday, now, tomorrow, last month, before…
Sentence + Adverb of Time
Adverb of Time + Sentence
Adverb of time is used to tell the time that an action happens or someone
does something. There are many adverbs of time as the following.
Formula1:
Example:
 I study English today.
 He met his friends last night.
Formula2:
Example:
 Yesterday she went to Phnom Penh.
 Now I’m learning English

10. Adverb of Place
Here, there, inside, outside… or we can use with the
preposition of place like at school, at the market…
Adverb of place is used to tell the place where an action occurs or where
someone does something. There are many adverbs of place as the following.
Sentence + Adverb of Place
Formula:
Example:
 My dog sleeps outside.
 We have the meeting in the hotel.

11. Adverb of Manner
Badly, beautifully, carefully, quickly, softly, lately, hardly, late,
hard, truly, fast, easily, fully, automatically…
Adverb of manner is used to tell how an action happens.
Those Adverbs of Manner are:
Formula:
Subject + Intransitive Verb + Adverb of Manner
Example:
 She sings beautifully.
 He runs quickly.
NOTE: For lately and hardly its formula is:
Subject + Lately/Hardly + Verb + Complement
Example:
 She hardly believes you.
 He lately goes to USA.
WARNING: Don’t use adverb after “Linking Verb”

12. Adverb of Frequency
100% 80% 60%
Always
everyday
usually
normally
generally
often
frequently
50-40% 20% 10% 0%
sometime
occasionally
seldom rarely
hardly ever
never
Adverb of frequency is used to expresses how often something happens or
someone does something.
Formula:
Subject + Adverb of Frequency + Verb + Complement
Example:
 They always do their homework at night.
 We sometime go to the cinema at the weekend.

13. Adverb of Probability
Probably, perhaps, definitely, obviously, certainly, truly,
exactly....
Adverb of probability is used to show how sure when someone does something.
Formula1:
Adverb of Probability + Sentence
Example:
 Perhaps she comes today.
 Probably I have to get up early tomorrow.
Formula2:
Subject + Modal Verb + Adverb of Probability + Main Verb +
Complement
Example:
 He will probably get married next year.
 Many people can exactly speak English very well.

14. Adverb of Degree
Very, quite, fairly, extremely, too, enough, so, almost, a lot...
Adverb of degree is used to give information about the extent or degree of
something.
Formula1:
Subject + Intransitive Verb + Adverb of Degree
Example:
 My friends talk a lot.
 The economy grows extremely.
Sub +Transitive Verb + Object + Adverb of Degree
Formula2:
Example:
 My boss treats all workers fairly.
 Children study English, too.
Subject +Linking Verb + Adverb of Degree + Adjective
Formula3:
Example:
 She seems too hungry.
 I feel too much better.