Peru is a country located on the western coast of South America, bordering Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, and the Pacific Ocean. Peru has a population of approximately 29.5 million people and was home to advanced pre-Columbian civilizations like the Mochica and Inca empires. The official capital and largest city of Peru is Lima. Peru has a diverse landscape that includes coastal deserts, Andean mountains, and Amazon rainforest. The country also has a diverse culture with influences from indigenous Andean and Amazonian traditions as well as Spanish, African, and Asian immigrant communities.