basic level understanding

1. By
Karthick

3. What is Technology?

4. What is Technology?
•When you think of the word
'technology', what comes to mind? It
might sound like something from a
sci-fi show, or something that has to
run on electricity.
•Technology makes us think of the
very complex, but energy doesn't
have to be complex.

5. Technology
•Technology is the use of scientific
knowledge for practical purposes or
applications, whether in industry or in
our everyday lives.
•So, basically, whenever we use our
scientific knowledge to achieve some
specific purpose, we're using
technology.

6. contd….
•Well, there is slightly more to it than
that. Technology usually involves a
specific piece of equipment, but that
equipment can be incredibly simple
or dazzlingly complex.
•It can be anything from the discovery
of the wheel, all the way up to
computers and MP4 players.

7. Technology

9. Introduction
•Assistive technology (AT) is any
item, piece of equipment,
software program, or product
system that is used to increase,
maintain, or improve the
functional capabilities of persons
with disabilities.

10. contd…..
•Assistive technology helps people
who have difficulty speaking,
typing, writing, remembering,
pointing, seeing, hearing,
learning, walking, and many other
things.
•Different disabilities require
different assistive technologies.

11. Definition
• It is any device, instrument,
equipment which helps to increase
the functioning capacity of persons
with disability
• It can be purchased off the shelf,
customized according to needs
• It is needed for
increasing/maximizing the
functional potential of PWDs

12. Assistive Technology
Legislation

13. Assistive Technology – Types by
Technology
• It can be mainly divided into
three types based on
technology:
• Low tech/ no tech
• Mid tech
• High tech

14. Assistive Technology – Types
by Technology
Low Tech
• Low tech/ no tech: does
not involve the use of
batteries or any technology

15. Low Tech
•Ex: flash cards, static models,
grippers

16. Assistive Technology – Types
by Technology
Mid Tech
• Mid tech involves usage of
battery but no processing
involved

17. Mid Tech
• Ex: talking alarm, talking
watch, talking calculator,

18. Assistive Technology – Types
by Technology
High Tech
• High Tech involves devices involving
batteries, processing involvement

19. High Tech
•Ex. Computers, screen readers

20. Assistive Technology – Classification
by Use
• AT for PWID
• AT for PWVI
• AT for PWHI
• AT for PWLD
• AT for PWOH
• AT for SPEECH PROBLEMS
• AT for CWASD

21. Inclusion

23. What is Inclusion in
education?
•The term inclusion captures, in one
word, an all-embracing societal
ideology. Regarding individuals with
disabilities and
special education, inclusion secures
opportunities for students with
disabilities to learn alongside their
non-disabled peers in
general education classrooms.

24. Contd…
•Inclusion classroom settings are
supported by the Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
which mandates that students
with disabilities be education in
the Least Restrictive Environment
(LRE).

25. Contd…
•Least Restrictive Environment
(LRE) means students will have
the opportunity to learn in an
environment that is closest to the
regular classroom setting as
possible

26. CATEGORY/
AREA OF
FUNCTION
ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS
NEED AND RELE VANCE IN
CLASS ROOM LEARNING
Reading Electronic books,
Book adapted for
page turning, Single
word scanners,
Predictable texts,
Tabs, Talking
electronic
devices/software,
Speech Software
For students having
difficulty in reading
and understanding
written text and in
paying attention to
the reading
assigned.

27. Writing Pen/Pencil grips, Templates, Word
processors, Word card/book/wall,
software, Spelling/Grammar
checker,
Adapted papers
For students having
problem in writing or
composition
Math Calculators, Talking Clocks,
Enlarged Worksheets, Voice
Output Measuring Devices,
Scientific Calculators
For students having
computational
problems and
confusions, and
finding it difficult to
perform well in Math
lessons
Vision Eye glasses, Magnifier, Screen
Magnification, Screen Reader,
Braille Large Print Books, CCTV,
Audio Lesson
Tapes
For students who
have difficulty in
seeing or lack
complete vision

28. Hearing Hearing Aids, Pen and
paper, Signaling Devices,
Closed Captioning
For students who have
difficulty in hearing or are
absolute hearing impaired
Computer
Access
Word prediction, Alternative
keyboards, Pointing Option,
Switches, Voice recognition
software
For students finding it
difficult to access the
computer in its standard
form and have difficulty in
performing academic
tasks
Augmentati
ve
Alternative
Communica
tion
Communication Board,
Device with speech synthesis
for typing, Eye gaze board/
frame, Voice output device
For students having
problems in
comprehension of
language, and lacking the
ability to express it, or are
unclear in speech and
demonstrate delayed
expressive language

29. 8 TYPES OF ASSISTIVE
TECHNOLOGY TO UTILIZE TODAY
•Apps for tablets. Combine iPods
with communication apps to
allow students a variety of ways
to convey their ideas with a tap of
the screen.
•The lightweight and portability of
iPods make this easy to use.

31. Contd….
•Encourage positive behavior and parental
participation with computer
programs. Class Dojo is a great example of
what is available for educators. This
program allows students to receive real-time
feedback on behavior and class
participation. It is also a great way to
communicate with parents.

33. Contd…
•Look for co-writer word programs that
are similar to autocorrect. This allows
children to write and express their ideas
on the computer without worrying about
spelling. There are also apps for
dysgraphia that allow students to snap
an image of their paper and type in the
answers to avoid falling behind in class.

35. ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY TO UTILIZE
TODAY CONT…
•Use hearing aid compatible
headsets to allow children with
hearing impairments or aids to
hear audio better.
•These simply fit over a hearing
aid and work just like
headphones.

37. ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY TO UTILIZE
TODAY CONT…
•Smart pens can streamline the
writing process. These writing
utensils have the ability to record
lectures or spoken words as you
write, which allows the author to
focus on writing or listening. Later,
they trace the words on the paper to
hear the recording.

39. Contd…
•“Slide boards” or custom
made supports for keyboards
or tablets. These wood or
plastic frames steady hands
while typing or engaging on a
screen without limiting the
device.

41. Contd…
•Velcro tabs or small stuffed
animals. Look for small handheld
manipulative that provide stimulation
to help calm restless children or
increase focus during lectures or quiet
times. These are examples of low-tech
assistive technology.

43. Contd…
•Monitoring software for Smartphones
and Internet use. This is a
good recommendation for parents of
children with special needs who are
using the Internet on a regular basis.
These programs allow parents to view a
child’s texts and online activity to make
sure they are not being targeted by
cyber bullies or predators.

45. For creating an Impact – AT has to
• Improve functional independence
circumventing environmental barriers, maximize
personal independence, and increase activity
participation
• Provide greater opportunity for social
participation education and integration,
including institutions in higher education and
the workforce
• The impact can be studied by implementing AT in
specific life roles for functioning

46. Impact of AT in Daily Life – Dementia as
Example
Counter Memory loss, orientation or
communication that are affecting their daily life
• Voice based prompts and reminders
• Calendars and Time Management
• Health and Medication Management
• Location, Identification, Movement and Safety
• Simple and Advanced Communication Techniques
• Support Social participation, engagement and
leisure

47. Impact of AT in Education – Cross
Disabilities
Physical access issues, deficiency in Knowledge
acquisition, Educational activities and routines
management
• Access provisioning to Educational environment
• Positioning, Sustainability and Environmental
Control
• Educational Resources in Accessible Format
• Participation in Classroom routines and
Contribute like their Peers
• Adapt Assessment procedure to the abilities
• Enhances efficiency and Higher Education
opportunities

48. Impact of AT in Employment Multiple
Disabilities
Physical access issues, access to Information and Services,
accomplishment of tasks & schedules, sustaining career
and development
• Access provisioning to Employment environment
(Self or Services)
• Positioning, Sustainability and Environmental
Control
• Informational Resources in Accessible Format
• Adaptations required for accomplishment of tasks
to the abilities
• Enhances safety, efficiency and career

49. Impact of Assistive Technology –
Quantity & Quality
• Increased confidence and self-motivation
• Increased independence and autonomy
• Expanded memory, recall, learning and life
experiences
• New opportunities for interactions and
communication
• Accountability and Committed, reassurance of
education and career
• Change in vision of potential, feel less stressed
by adults, peers and child
• Integrated and required participation in life and
society

50. What is the different
between adaptive
technology and assistive
technology?