Hybrid FSO/RF Communication Systems for Reliable, Scalable Connectivity
Title: “Hybrid communication systems, FSO/RF and RoF: reliable and scaled communications anywhere” Abstract: Current network and telecommunication systems are required to provide higher data rates in access networks to an increasing number of users. This fact is mainly due to the increase in the Internet traffic data, which is related with the higher demand of online added-value online content, as a result of a society increasingly more interconnected. New emergent radio technologies play a key role to supply these high-demand services to customer, e.g., UWB, WIMAX and LTE-advanced. [1-3] How to carry them to final customer? How to backup these services? Free-space optics (FSO), Radio-over-fibre (RoF) and RF/FSO Hybrid communication systems become a solution to deploy these services on indoor/outdoor scenarios avoiding architecture problems on WAN environments, e.g., university campus, companies’ parks [4]. Moreover, these systems will fit emergency scenarios, e.g. earthquakes, tsunamis, where the classical communications infrastructure cost and time replacement is very high [5]. On the other hand, the implementation of RF/FSO or RoF systems are enclosed in the new green communications issues, because they share the common goal to implement energy efficiency communications at anywhere scenario [6, 7]. Therefore, emergent radio technologies and their application on FSO and RoF systems are a challenging research issue nowadays. (abstract = 190 words) References: [1] J. Perez, M. Morant, M. Beltran, and R. Llorente, "Performance of MB-OFDM UWB and WiMAX IEEE 802.16e Converged Radio-over-Fiber in PON," Mwp: 2009 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics, pp. 235-238, 2009. [2] J. Perez, M. Morant, R. Llorente, and J. Marti, "Joint Distribution of Polarization-Multiplexed UWB and WiMAX Radio in PON," Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 27, pp. 1912-1919, Jun 15 2009. [3] R. Llorente, T. Alves, M. Morant, M. Beltran, J. Perez, A. Cartaxo, and J. Marti, "Ultrawideband radio signals distribution in FTTH networks," IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 20, pp. 945-947, May-Jun 2008. [4] E. Leitgeb, M. S. Awan, P. Brandl, T. Plank, C. Capsoni, R. Nebuloni, T. Javornik, G. Kandus, S. S. Muhammad, F. Ghassemlooy, M. Loschnigg, and F. Nadeem, "Current Optical Technologies for Wireless Access," Contel 2009: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Telecommunications, pp. 7-17, 2009. [5] S. Bloom, E. Korevaar, J. Schuster, and H. Willebrand, "Understanding the performance of free-space optics [Invited]," J. Opt. Netw., vol. 2, pp. 178-200, 2003. [6] Z. Yi, P. Chowdhury, M. Tornatore, and B. Mukherjee, "Energy Efficiency in Telecom Optical Networks," Communications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE, vol. 12, pp. 441-458. [7] R. S. Tucker, "Green Optical Communications---Part II: Energy Limitations in Networks," Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of, vol. PP, pp. 1-14.
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Hybrid FSO/RF Communication Systems for Reliable, Scalable Connectivity
- 1. Hybrid communication systems (FSO/RF and RoF): reliable and scaled communications anywhere Dr. Joaquín Pérez Soler*, Prof. Z. Ghassemlooy and Prof. Dave Smith *Optical Communications Research group Northumbria Communications Lab School of CEIS, Northumbria University Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 5th May 2011 Northumbria Research Conference 2011
- 2. 2 Outline • Scenarios • RoF and FSO: a complementary solution • RoF: just pump • FSO: free and powerful • RF/FSO : scalable communications • Next? Northumbria Research Conference 2011
- 5. 5 Scenarios • Increasing number of new applications – HD streaming, (netflix ©, lovefilm ©, ....) – mobile broadband, (social apps, chating apps, videocalls, ...) – online gaming, (motion games , playstation network ©, ...) – high data-rate apps anywhere, anytime, any service just be connected Northumbria Research Conference 2011
- 6. 6 Some solutions: FTTx, 4G, ... • Provide new access networks based in FTTx and Mobile (4G, LTE-advance) • Deploy new wireless technologies with high data rate in short-medium ranges (UWB, WiMAX, 60GHz, ...) • Research in complementary technology: – Quick deployment // No license – Secure backup service – Low cost Northumbria Research Conference 2011
- 7. 7 RoF & FSO: complementary solutions • Radio-over-Fibre and Free Space Optical comms are reliable access technologies • RoF : – Mature technology for Indoor/Outdoor scenarios – Last mile access indoor networks – Long-haul network to deploy base station feeding – Just pump your radio signal over the fibre !! Northumbria Research Conference 2011
- 8. RoF: just pump Northumbria Research Conference 2011 WiMAX UWB PON Central Office Core network •Long-haul networks ~>25 km integrated distribution •Short-range indoor networks >300 m integrated distribution 8 * * Perez, J.; Morant, M.; Beltran, M.; Llorente, R.; , "Performance of MB-OFDM UWB and WiMAX IEEE 802.16e converged radio-over-fiber in PON," . MWP '09. International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics, September, 2009
- 9. 9 RoF & FSO: complementary solutions • Radio-over-Fibre and Free Space Optical comms are reliable access technologies • FSO: – License free, indoor/outdoor solutions – Visible light communications, laser comms, ... • RoF : – Mature technology for Indoor/Outdoor scenarios – Last mile access indoor networks – Long-haul network to deploy base station feeding – Just pump your radio signal over the fibre !! Northumbria Research Conference 2011
- 10. 10 FSO comms • Commercial products on MAN/LAN backbones (buildings links) • New applications – Ground-to-ground links (backbone access, disaster situations) (1 Gbps) – Satellite links UL/DL/Inter • Optical Inter-Satellite-Links: TerraSAR-X (launch Oct. 2006) (5.6 Gbps) • Satellite-DL: OICETS – DLR-OGS (50 Mbps) • Optical links from aerial platforms: Capanina Stratospheric Balloon – OGS (DLR) (1.25 Gbps) – Ground-to-air/air-to-ground (unmanned airborne vehicles, tactical comm) – Airborne communications (A2A) Northumbria Research Conference 2011 Courtesy: NOVASOL Inc.Courtesy: Cablefree Solutions Limited.
- 11. 11 FSO under research Replication of outdoor conditions under lab controlled environment • Defining Link margin criteria ,fog zones, scintillation, ... • Replication outdoor environments • FSO chamber results (dots) fits theory FSO fog models (lines) Northumbria Research Conference 2011 0.2 0.36 0.67 0.85 0.92 1 0 1 3 5 6 Trasmittance LinkMargin(dB) Ptx = -1.32 dBm Thick fog V = 70 - 250 m Light fog V = 500 - 1000 m Dense fog V = 25 - 70 m Moderate fog V = 250 - 500 m BER<10e-6 limits is Q = 4.6 * S. Rajbhandari, Z. Ghassemlooy, J. Perez et al., "On the study of the FSO link performance under controlled turbulence and fog atmospheric conditions”, 11th International Conference on Telecommunications , CONTEL 2011
- 12. 12 Hybrid RF/FSO: scaled comms • Weather, blocking path, sun ligth, multiple indoor access • Channel/Media diversity as a solution – RF + FSO : viable and effective mitigation technique under extreme weather conditions, since fog and rain drastically affect the FSO and RF links, respectively, but only insignificantly vice versa, and rarely occur simultaneously. • Apps: – Indoor: Home access networks ( 5-play, GigaBit Wireless Access ) – Backup networks for last mile access, rural access, ... – Disaster areas deployment, hard geographical environments, ... – Scaled communications depending on your needs Northumbria Research Conference 2011
- 13. 13 Apps: Home Access Network Northumbria Research Conference 2011 ADSL FTTH RLL Mobile coverage Office Lounge BedRoom Indoor Free Space Optics and/or Radio 60 Ghz Home Gateway PLC RF/FSO bridge (Mesh) radio/fso Wireless HD Power line, radio, visible light and infrared communications
- 14. Apps: Hybrid FSO-RF communications >99.999 % link availability • Free RF bands (WiFi, WiMAX, mmW) Challanges: Soft-switch RF/FSO Atmospheric impairments replication mmW RF band to improve range Ring/Mesh network topology New modulation schemes FSO chamber • FOG/Turbulence control • RF – optic link Northumbria Research Conference 2011 14 Hot plates Fan Fog MachineAperture Heat controlRF txLASER tx RF/FSO transmitter inside chamber
- 15. Hybrid FSO-RF communications Use of COTS products • AD chip and boards Soft vs. Hard switching • FPGA and µController • Software Coding (raptor codes) Custom RF devices • Antenna design Implementation of hybrid RF/FSO network • Avoid weather impairments • 100 % link availability • Indoor replication Analog Devices evaluation board WiMAX Commercial Antennas Custom antennas Northumbria Research Conference 2011 15
- 16. 16 Next? Coding and Software Switching in hybrid systems 60 GHz and THz signal generation Efficient signal modulations formats Visible vs IR vs Laser devices FSO interface for improve LTE-advance range and base networking (eNodeB) at special environments Low cost deployments • Indoor interfaces • Optical Wireless home deployment • Transceiver RF/FSO integrated Northumbria Research Conference 2011
- 18. ACK’S NCRLab and OCRG research team and facilities VLC : Dr. Hoa Le-Minh’s team FSO : Prof Zabih Ghassemlooy’s team RoF : Dr. Wai-Pang Ng’s team Prof. Z. Ghassemlooy and Prof. Dave Smith EU COST IC0802 Northumbria Research Conference 2011 joaquin.perez@northumbria.ac.uk joapeso@upv.es http://joaquinperezsoler.blogs.upv.es/