1. 1--THE BENEFITS OF OOP.
Object Oriented Programming is a
method of implementation in which
programs are organised as co-operative
collection of objects each of which
represents an instance of some
classes and whose classes are all
members of hoerarchy of classes united
through the property
called inheritance.
OOP offers several benefits to the
program designer and the user. Object-
orientation
contributes to the solutions of many
problem associated with the
development and quality of
software products. The new technology
promises greater programmer
productivity, better quality
of software and lesser maintenance
cost. The principal advantages are:
1. Through inheritance, we can
eliminate redundant code and extend
the use of existing classes.

2. 2. We can built programs from standard
working modules that communicate with
one another rather
than, having to start writing the code
from scratch. This leads to saving of
development time
and higher productivity.
3. The principle of data hiding helps
the programmers to built secure
program that can’t be
invaded by code in other parts of the
program.
4. It is possible to have multiple
objects to coexist without any
interference.
5. It is possible to map objects in
the problem domain to those objects in
the program.
6. It is easy to partition the work in
a project based on objects.
7. The data-centered design approach
enables us to capture more details of
the model in an
implementable form.
8. Object-oriented systems can be
easily upgraded from small to large
system

3. 9. Message passing technique for
communication between objects make the
interface descriptions
with external system much simpler.
10. Software complexity can be easily
managed.
11. This language helps for software
development, which are more reliable.
12 .One should not use to check error
code after each potentially call.
13. Some of its application includes
design issues.
14. It is the enhanced form of C
language.
15. It is statically type language.
16. The most important Feature is that
it’s procedural and object oriented
nature.
17. As this is the more developed form
of c, it maintains the aspects if c
language yet it has
the feature of memory management.
18. C++ is much suitable for large
projects.
19. It is one of the fairly efficient
languages.

4. 20. It divides the problems into
collection of objects which provides
services and can be used
to solve a particular problem.
21. Code re-use (Polymorphism,
Generics, Interfaces)
22. Code extensibility
23. Catch errors at compile time
rather than at runtime.
24. Reduces large problems to smaller,
more manageable ones.
25. Fits the way the real world works.
It is easy to map a real world problem
to a solution in
Object Oriented code.
2-- write a short note on class and
objects.
Object Oriented Programming is a
method of implementation in which
programs are
organised as co-operative collection
of objects each f which represents an
instance of some

5. classes and whose classes are all
members of hoerarchy of classes united
through the property
called inheritance.
A class is a user defined data-type
which is a collection of data member
and functions.
Class is created in oop to keep our
data secure which cannot be accessed
without
permission.The objects with data
structure(attributes) and
behaviour(operations) are grouped
into a class. All those objects
possessing similar properties are
grouped into the same unit.
it can solve real world problems. The
data members and member functions can
be private or
public in a class. There can be many
methods in a class which can be
accessed with its
permission to solve real world
problems. The data members of a class
is by default private. The

6. data members declared in a class in
accessed in a class only and it
cannot be accessed outside
the class. The member functions can
also be accessed with creating an
object which takes a
permission from class to access it as
per user requirement.
syntax of class is as under:
class(keyword) classname
{
data member
member functions or methods
};
For e.g: Create a class which ad 2
numbers.
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class add
{
int n1,n2;
public:
void setdata(int a,int b)
{
n1=a;

7. n2=b;
}
int add()
{
int sum;
sum=n1+n2;
return sum;
}
void display()
{
cout<<"Addition="<<add();
}
};
Objects is an entity that can store
data and send and receive messages. It
is an
instance of a class.
Objects are uniquely identifiable by a
name. There can be as many as objects
for a
class as per the requirement of users.
Each objects has its own properties.
Different entities
of a problem are examined
independently. These entities are
choosen because they have some

8. physical or conceptual boundaries that
separate them from rest of the
problem. The entities are
represented as objects in the program.
The goal is to have a clear
corresponding between
physical entities in the problme
domain and object in the program. an
object can be a person, a
place, a thing, etc.
syntax of object is as under:
}objectname;
or
int main()
{
classname objectname;
}
for e.g: create object to access above
methods of class add.
int main()
{
add a1;

9. a1.setdata(10,25);
a1.add();
a1,display();
return 0;
}
3--State difference between method
defined in the class and outside the
class.
Its differences are as follow:
The scope resolution operator is used
in method defined outside the class
where as, in
method define in the class no need to
use scope resolution operator. (::)
In method defined outside the class,
prototype or function header is to be
declared in
the class where as, in method defined
in the class method's body is also to
be mentioned with
its prototype.

10. The example of method within the class
is as under:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
int n1,n2,n3;
public:
void setdata()
{
cout<<"enter numbers";
cin>>n1>>n2>>n3;
}
void display()
{
cout<<n1<<n2<<n3;
}
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.setdata();
n.display();
return 0;
}

11. The example of method outside the
class is as under:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
int n1,n2,n3;
public:
void setdata()
void display()
};
void num::setdata()
{
cout<<"enter two numbers";
cin>>n1>>n2>>n3;
}
void num::display()
{
cout<<n1<<n2<<n3;
}
int main()
{
num n;
n.setdata();
n.display();

12. return 0;
}
Thus both differ from each others.
4-- Justify the following.
i} In class, member function cannot be
private.
In a class, class member functions can
be private but of no use, so always
its
preferable to keep member functions as
public so that a user can be able to
perform their
operations or claculations. A class is
used to secure our data and class
member functions
cannot be accessed without its object
and if they are private then of no use
beacuse they can't
be accessed with class objects also as
they are private so its necessary to
keep class member
functions as public access specifier.
A class member function should always
defined under

13. public specifier so that it can be
accessible as and when necessary.
for e.g.:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
int n1,n2;
public:
void setdata(int a,int b)
{
n1=a;
n2=b;
}
void display()
{
cout<<n1<<n2;
}
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.setdata(10,15);
n.display();
return 0;

14. }
As above shown in example, a class
member functions should be always
under public
access specifier so that it can be
accessed as and when necessary.
ii}We can create object at a class
declaration time.
Its false, because a class object
cannot be declared at the time of
class declaration.
The syntax of class declaration is:
class(keyword) classname
{
member variable
member function
}
While the syntax of object declaration
is as follow:
An object can be declared in two ways
such as :
-At the end statement of class

15. }objectname
-In main :
int main()
{
classname objectname
}
So the object cannot be declared at
the class declaration time.
5--Short note on scope resolution
operator.
The scope resolution operator (::) in
c++ used to define the already
declared in the
member functions of the class.
C++ supports to the global variable
from a function,Local variable is to
defined in the
same function name.
The syntax of the scope resolution
operator:
:: globalvariablename

16. A scope resolution operator (::), can
be used to define the member functions
of a class
outside the class. It shows the scope
resolution operator untangling a mess
made by using the
same names for different kinds of
entities base class overridden member
function using the
scope resolution operator (::)The
scope resolution operator (denoted ::)
in C++ is used to
define the already declared member
functions of a particular class. In
the .cpp file one can
define the usual global functions or
the member functions of the class. To
differentiate
between the normal functions and the
member functions of the class, one
needs to use the scope
resolution operator (::) in between
the class name and the member function
name.
Its example is as follow:
#include<iostream>

17. using namespace std;
class num
{
int n1,n2,n3;
public:
void setdata()
void display()
};
void num::setdata()
{
cout<<"enter two numbers";
cin>>n1>>n2>>n3;
}
void num::display()
{
cout<<n1<<n2<<n3;
}
void num::mul()
{
cout<<n1*n2*n3;
}
int main()
{
num n;
n.setdata();
n.display();

18. n.mul();
return 0;
}