The document summarizes the structural analysis of two buildings - a residential bungalow and a public town hall structure in Ahmedabad, India. It describes the materials, dimensions, floors, and key structural elements of each building such as columns, beams, slabs. It also discusses the various loads acting on the structures like dead load, live load, wind load, and earthquake load. Safety norms regarding maximum floor space index, corrosion protection, and fire safety are also mentioned for building construction.

1. Structural analysis
UC0213- AMRITA GHOSHAL, UC1113-ARSHIT DHRUV, UC1813-KESHAV SHARMA,
UC3213-CHINTAN PATEL, UC5013-HARSH SHAH, UC5713-JIL SHETH, UC5813 SIDDHANT PATNI

2. STRUCTURES ANALYSED
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING :
BUNGALOW BY ARCHITECT AND STRUCTURAL DESIGNER RUCITA ARCHITECTS.
PUBLIC USE STRUCTURE:
SHETH MANGALDAS GIRDHARDAS MEMORIAL HALL
(TOWN HALL AHMEDABAD) BY ARCHITECT CLAUDE BARTELY

3. RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
• The structure we have selected is composite structure.
• It is a residential bungalow.
• It comprises of two floors.
• Height of structure 20 feet(approx).
• Ground floor has height 8.5 feet based on presence of false ceiling.
• Area of bungalow is 2700 sq. feet.
• Fsi is 1.5
• It has two balconies on first floor.
IT HAS STEEL REINFORCEMENT.

5. ANALYSIS OF GROUND FLOOR
• NO OF COLUMNS : 8 RECTANGULAR SHAPED COLUMNS
• NO OF COLUMN IN COMPOUND WALL : 2 CYLINDRICAL SHAPED COLUMNS
• TOTAL NO OF BEAMS : 11
• MAJOR BEAMS : 5 (HAVING GRETATER SPAN)
• SMALL BEAM : 1 (HAVING SMALLER SPAN)
• INVERTED BEAMS : 4 (TRANSFERS LOAD IN UPWARD DIRECTION)
• NO STORAGE LEVELS BENEATH SLAB : 5
• THERE ARE 5 ROOMS ON GROUND FLOOR AND RESPECTIVE PARTITION WALLS
• THERE IS 1 ONE WAY SLAB AND ONE CANTILEVER BEAM,

6. 1ST FLOOR
• STRUCTURE HAS 2 BALCONIES SUPPORTED BY LINTELS
• THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF SLABS : ONE WAY AND TWO WAY
• SHORT SPAN : 6.5 FEET
• LONGER SPAN : 7.5 FEET
• LINTEL IS CONTINUOUS ON WALL AND IT IS STEEL BAR SHEAR REINFORCEMENT

7. TERRACE LEVEL
• THE SLAB HAS 11 BEAMS BENEATH
• IT HAS EXTRA TOP STEEL SUPPORT FOR STRUCTURAL STABILITY

8. Structural elements

9. Failure due to
• Buckling
• Corrosion
• Corrosion fatigue
• Creep
• Fatigue
• Fouling
• Fracture
• Hydrogen embrittlement
• Impact
• Mechanical overload
• Stress corrosion cracking
• Thermal shock
• Wear
• Yielding

11. LOADS ACTING ON THIS STRUCTURE
• dead load
• live load
• live roof load
• wind load
• earthquake load
• rainwater load or water load
• effect of material & temperature
• hydraulic loads from soil
• hydraulic loads from fluids

13. LOADS on building
• Dead Loads
• Dead loads consist of the permanent construction material loads
• comprising the roof, floor, wall, and foundation systems, including claddings,
• finishes, and fixed equipment.

14. LOADS ON BUILDING
• 1 Gravity loads
• Dead loads due the weight of every element within the structure as well as
• live loads that are acting on the structure when in service constitute gravity loads.
• The dead loads are calculated from the member sizes and estimated material
• densities. Live loads prescribed by codes are empirical and conservative based
• on experience and accepted practice. The equivalent minimum loads for office
• and residential buildings as per IS 875 are as specified in Table -1 .

15. Live load magnitudes [IS: 875 - 1987 Part -II]

16. ACCORDING TO IS CODE SPECIFICATION:
• A floor should be designed for the most adverse effect of uniformly
• distributed load and concentrated load over 0.3 m by 0.3 m as specified in Table-
• 3.1, but they should not be considered to act simultaneously. All other structural
• elements such as beams and columns are designed for the corresponding
• uniformly distributed loads on floors.

17. SUGGESTION:
Reduction in imposed (live) load may be made in designing columns, load
bearing walls etc., if there is no specific load like plant or machinery on the floor.
This is allowed to account for reduced probability of full loading being applied
over larger areas. The supporting members of the roof of the multi-storeyed
building is designed for 100% of uniformly distributed load; further reductions of
10% for each successive floor down to a minimum of 50% of uniformly distributed
load is done. The live load at a floor level can be reduced in the design of beams,
girders or trusses by 5% for each 50m2
area supported, subject to a maximum
reduction of 25%. In cases where the reduced load of a lower floor is less then the reduced load of the upper floor
should be adopted in the lower floor also.

18. 1.WIND LOAD
The wind loading is the most important factor that determines the design
of tall buildings over 10 storeys, where storey height approximately lies between
2.7 – 3.0 m. Buildings of up to 10 storeys, designed for gravity loading can
accommodate wind loading without any additional steel for lateral system.
Usually, buildings taller than 10 storeys would generally require additional steel
for lateral system. This is due to the fact that wind loading on a tall building acts
over a very large building surface, with greater intensity at greater heights and
with a larger moment arm about the base.

19. As the bungalow is G + 1, wind load would
not be considered as it would be negligible
based on its location.

20. 2 Earthquake load
Seismic motion consists of horizontal and vertical ground motions, with the
vertical motion usually having a much smaller magnitude. Further, factor of safety
provided against gravity loads usually can accommodate additional forces due to
vertical acceleration due to earthquakes. So, the horizontal motion of the ground
causes the most significant effect on the structure by shaking the foundation
back and forth. The mass of building resists this motion by setting up inertia
forces throughout the structure.

22. • The magnitude of the horizontal shear force F depends on the mass of the
• building M, the acceleration of the ground a, and the nature of the structure. If a
• building and the foundation were rigid, it would have the same acceleration as
• the ground as given by Newton’s second law of motion, i.e. F = Ma. However, in
practice all buildings are flexible to some degree.

23. 4.Soil Lateral Loads
The most common method of determining lateral soil loads on residential
foundations follows Rankine’s (1857) theory of earth pressure and uses what is
known as the Equivalent Fluid Density (EFD) method.

24. Building Durability
Roof overhangs increase uplift loads on roof tie-downs and the framing
members that support the overhangs. They do, however, provide a reliable means
of protection against moisture and the potential decay of wood building materials.
The designer should therefore consider the trade-off between wind load and
durability, particularly in the moist, humid climate zones associated with
hurricanes.

25. For buildings that are exposed to salt spray or mist from nearby bodies of
salt water, the designer should also consider a higher-than-standard level of
corrosion resistance for exposed fasteners and hardware. Truss plates near roof
vents have also shown accelerated rates of corrosion in severe coastal exposures.
The building owner, in turn, should consider a building maintenance plan that
includes regular inspections, maintenance, and repair.

26. margin

28. Maximum permissible FSI

29. Norms by govt.

30. Safety norms

31. TOWN HALL

34. • NAME OF STRUCTURE : SHETH MANGLADAS GIRDHARDAS MEMORILAL HALL
• ARCHITECT AND STRUCTURE DESIGN : CLAUDE BARTELY
• YEAR OF INCEPTION : 1938
• IT IS RENOVATEED THRICE SINCE IT IS MADE
• IT IS OCTAGONAL DOMED STRUCTURE
• IT IS BRICK MASONARY STRUCTURE
• ORNACE GRILLS IN STRUCTURE SHOWS INDIAN ARCHITECTURE

35. • CURRENT STATE OF CONSTRUCTION IS STABLE BUT WE CAN SEE DEFECTS LIKE
CORROSION, CRACKS IN WALLS AN EFFLOROSENCE IN STRUCTURE
• THE WALLS ARE COVERED BY SOUND ABSORBING MATERIALS
• IT WAS LAST RENOVATED BECAUSE OF PROBLEMS WITH ACOUSTICS OF
STRUCTURE
• IT IS OWNED BY AMC AND IS FULLY AIR CONDITION

36. Norms for town hall

41. • Also there are fire safety norms to be followed.

42. Norms for parking

44. THANK YOU