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Determinant of health
- 1. DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH Jagan Kumar Ojha MSc. Tutor Dept. of Community Health Nursing SUM Nursing College, Bhubaneswar
- 3. DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH Many factors determine (influence) the health status and health outcomes of populations and individuals. Whether people are healthy or not, is determined by their circumstances and environment. To a large extent, factors such as where we live, the state of our environment, genetics, our income and education level, and our relationships with friends and family all have considerable impacts on health.
- 4. SocietiesHealth Individuals Communities Biological Individual Behavior Science & Technology Age & Gender Socio-cultural Health care System Socio- economic Environmental Families Information & Communication Equity & Social Justice Human Rights Determinants of Health
- 5. Biological Determinants Genetic : Gene’s characteristics inherited from parents, make a person more likely or less likely to develop certain health problems, such as heart disease. Genetics inheritance plays a part in determining lifespan, healthiness and the likelihood of developing certain illnesses. Others like- Chromosomal anomalies Errors of Metabolism Mental retardation
- 6. • Internal Environment ( Cells, tissues, organs ) - Harmonious functioning • External Environment: Physical Biological Psychosocial • Domestic (Micro) Environment: Way of living, eating habits, smoking, drinking, use of drugs etc. Environmental Determinants
- 7. Socio-Economic Determinants Income and social status have a significant impact on health status. Like higher income and social status are linked to better health. The greater the gap between the richest and poorest people, the greater the differences in health.
- 8. Socio-economic conditions depends upon: –Per capita Income –Education –Nutrition –Employment –Housing –Political system Socio-Economic Determinants
- 9. Socio-Cultural Determinants Customs, traditions and the beliefs of the family and community all affect health.
- 10. Health Care System Determinants
- 11. Health Care System Determinants • Immunization of children • Provision of safe drinking water • Care of pregnant and children • Equitably distributed • Accessible • Primary Health care
- 12. Individual Behavioral and Life style • Individual behavior and life style affects the health status. • Life style denotes “ the way that people live”, reflecting a whole range of social values, attitudes & activities. • Health is determined by its Life style, Culture, Behavior, Personal habits.
- 13. Healthy Life Styles • Adequate nutrition • Enough sleep • Sufficient physical activity Individual Behavioral and Life style
- 14. Harmful Life Styles • Lack of sanitation • Poor nutrition • Personal hygiene • Elementary Human habits, customs and cultural patterns Individual Behavioral and Life style
- 15. Diseases linked to Life styles • Coronary Hearth Diseases • Obesity • Lung Cancer • Drug addiction Individual Behavioral and Life style
- 16. Age and Gender As people age, they become more susceptible to disease and disability. For example : • Heart disease, stroke, and cancer have been the leading chronic conditions that have had the greatest impact on the aging population • Under five child are more susceptible for diarrhea, ARI and other specific diseases.
- 17. Age and Gender Men and women suffer from different types of diseases at different ages and some of these diseases affect men and women differently. Women face higher rates of diseases in some areas such as breast cancer, osteoporosis and auto-immune diseases. In the aspect of nutrition, reproductive health, violence women contract the disease more whereas life styles, occupational problems are more seen among men.
- 18. SocietiesHealth Individuals Communities Biological Individual Behavior Science & Technology Age & Gender Socio-cultural Health care System Socio- economic Environmental Families Information & Communication Equity & Social Justice Human Rights Determinants of Health
- 19. Other Factors • Science & Technology • Information & Communication • Equity & Social Justice • Human Rights • Food and agriculture, industry, social welfare, rural development, policies
- 20. CONCLUSION So Health is the ….. Individual Responsibility Community Responsibility State Responsibility International Responsibility