1. DNA
(genetic)
Vaccines
By: Jade Tailor

2. What are DNA Vaccines?
 More efficient way of
delivering vaccines for
your body to become
immune to diseases
 There are both
advantages and
disadvantages to DNA
Vaccines

3. How are they made?
 Remove a single
strand (RNA) of
genetic information
from a virus
 This will kill the virus
 Next, the strand is
converted to a
double strand (DNA)
and is encoded with
an antigen for the
cells of the host

4. How does it work?
Endogenous pathway
 When the DNA vaccine is
delivered into the muscle cell
by any delivery method.
 The DNA is consumed into the
nucleus of the cell
 The genes are then
transferred to create mRNA
and the mRNA produces
proteins with the help of a
ribosome

5. How does it work cont.
Exogenous
pathway
 When viral peptides
in the cell go
outside the cell and
are phagocytosed
by an antigen
helping them
become active

6. Advantages
 High transfection efficiency
 Stability
 Capability to encode a
number of immunological
components
 Induce cellular and humoral
immune responses
 Lower cytotoxicity
 Does not need to be
refridgerated

7. Disadvantages
 Cannot not be produced
in large quantities
 Toxic side effects
 Limitations to transgene
size
 Poor immunogenicity
 Very expensive to
produce
 Can lead to destruction of
normal tissue

8. Ways of delivering vaccines
 Does not use
needles
 Instead uses
something called a
“gene gun”
 The gene gun uses
compressed gas to
torpedo tiny gold
fragments
surrounded by
DNA right into the
cells

9. Future of DNA vaccines
 DNA vaccines can only help with
infectious diseases, but researchers
hope to make DNA vaccines that
can help with cancer and
autoimmune diseases
 The regular vaccine will most likely
be around for a while, but DNA
vaccines offer a safer, pain free,
and more effective way of
preventing diseases