Tutorial at OAI5 (cern.ch/oai5). Abstract: This tutorial will provide a practical overview of current practices in modelling complex or compound digital objects. It will examine some of the key scenarios around creating complex objects and will explore a number of approaches to packaging and transport. Taking research papers, or scholarly works, as an example, the tutorial will explore the different ways in which these, and their descriptive metadata, can be treated as complex objects. Relevant application profiles and metadata formats will be introduced and compared, such as Dublin Core, in particular the DCMI Abstract Model, and MODS, alongside content packaging standards, such as METS MPEG 21 DIDL and IMS CP. Finally, we will consider some future issues and activities that are seeking to address these. The tutorial will be of interest to librarians and technical staff with an interest in metadata or complex objects, their creation, management and re-use.

1. CERN workshop on Innovations in Scholarly Communication (OAI5) 18-20 April 2007 Tutorial 4 - Object models and object representation Julie Allinson and Mahendra Mahey Repositories Research Officers, UKOLN, University of Bath with Herbert van de Sompel Los Alamos National Laboratory A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk

3. Overview and introduction Julie Allinson

13. Exploring options for metadata modelling Julie Allinson

19. Metadata semantics diagram this is very basic! … over-simplified from the Dublin Core Abstract Model http:// dublincore .org/documents/abstract-model/ value property resource description 1 0..n 1..n 1 describes statement statement statement statement

23. A metadata framework? Abstract Model Metadata Vocabularies Application profiles Metadata formats properties values Application models XML, RDF/XML, XHTML UK LOM Core, CanCore, RSLP Schema, AGRIS, Scholarly Works AP, NDLTD (theses), DDF-MXD, DiVA DCMI Abstract Model Embedded data models conforms to DCMES, MODS, LOM, ISO 19115, e-GMS, PREMIS, FOAF DCMI Type, DDC, LCSH, TGN, MARC Relator Codes

25. Some of the possible resources and relationships in our scenario publisher related materials version 1.0 electronic book image version 2.0 published proceedings pdf pdf 0..n is published by author author 0..n is created by 0..n see also 0..n has version 0..n is part of 0..n has part 0..n has format

28. Dublin Core Abstract Model summary record (encoded as HTML, XML or RDF/XML) description set description (about a resource (URI)) statement property (URI) value (URI) vocabulary encoding scheme (URI) value string language (e.g. en-GB) Slide courtesy of Andy Powell, Eduserv Foundation http://www.slideshare.net/eduservfoundation/the-dublin-core-abstract-model-a-packaging-standard syntax encoding scheme (URI)

32. the application model ScholarlyWork Expression 0..∞ isExpressedAs Manifestation isManifestedAs 0..∞ Copy isAvailableAs 0..∞ isPublishedBy 0..∞ 0..∞ isEditedBy 0..∞ isCreatedBy 0..∞ isFundedBy isSupervisedBy AffiliatedInstitution Agent

33. vertical vs. horizontal relationships ScholarlyWork Expression isExpressedAs Expression isExpressedAs Manifestation Manifestation isManifestedAs isManifestedAs hasFormat hasVersion hasTranslation hasAdaptation

34. Example properties ScholarlyWork: title subject abstract affiliated institution identifier Agent: name type of agent date of birth mailbox homepage identifier Expression: title date available status version number language genre / type copyright holder bibliographic citation identifier Manifestation: format date modified Copy: date available access rights licence identifier

35. Considering the scenario in DC

36. Multiple expressions, manifestations and copies scholarly work (work) version (expression) format (manifestation) copy (item) signed metadata doc institutional repository copy published proceedings no digital copy available (metadata only) e-book copy institutional repository copy pdf conference repository copy institutional repository copy pdf xml print copy pdf2 institutional repository copy Accepted MS Version 2.0 Author’s Submitted MS Version 1.0 Translation (Spanish)

39. Considering the scenario in MODS <mods> records for each version <relatedItem> sub-element used within a <mods> description for see also, has part, is part of relationships published proceedings e-book copy conference repository copy Accepted MS Version 2.0 Author’s Submitted MS Version 1.0 Translation (Spanish) <modsCollection> can be used to wrap together several <mods> records

43. Data model Slide courtesy of Mogens Sandfaer, Tech nical Knowledge Center of Denmark An article in the journal by the author presented at the conference published by from the project

46. Content packaging standards Mahendra Mahey and Herbert van de Sompel