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IRJET- Comparative Study of Replacement of Natural Sand to Waste Tiles Sand in Concrete
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | Jan 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1 Comparative Study of Replacement of Natural Sand to Waste Tiles Sand in Concrete Prof. Varsha Doijad1, Prof. Amruta Vyas2, Mr. Siddharth Magdum3, Mr. Shailesh Patil4, Mr. Anurag Patil5, Mr. Rohit Parab6 1,2Assistant Professor, D. Y. Patil College of Engineering and Technology, Kolhapur 3,4,5,6Undergraduate Students, D. Y. Patil College of Engineering and Technology, Kolhapur ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Due to continuously increase in development in construction field, the use of natural material is high and at same time production of waste tile from constructionsitesand shops is also very high. Because of these reasons the reuse of waste tiles came into picture to reduce solid waste and to reduce the load from natural materials. Crushed waste tiles sand were replace in place of natural sand by 20%, 40%,60%, 80% and 100% foe M30 grade of concrete and also replacing cementious material by 20% using fly ash in concrete. Experimental study like Workability Test, Characteristic Strength of Concrete and Durability Testfordifferentconcrete mix after 28 days curing period. It is observed that, replacement of waste tile sand to natural sand gives good result for concrete. Key Words: Waste tiles sand, Natural Sand, Fly ash, Workability Test, Characteristic strength, Durability Test. 1. INTRODUCTION In past decade, variable cost of natural sand used as fine aggregate in concrete increased the cost of construction. In this situation research began for inexpensive and easily available alternative material to natural sand. Some alternative materials have already been used as a part of natural sand e.g. slag limestone and siliceous stone powder were used in concrete mixtures as a partial replacement of natural sand. However, scarcity in required quality is the major limitation in some of the above materials. Now a day’s sustainable infrastructural growth demands the alternative material that should satisfy technical requisites of fine aggregate as well as it should be available abundantly. On this basis, crushed tilesandoffersviablealternative.Crushed tile sand has to satisfy the technical requisites like workability and strength of concrete. Since the data on this aspect of concrete using crushed tile sand is scarce, it is necessary to investigate theconcrete producedwithcrushed tile sand. The wastage related to tiles are created due to different reasons like errors in construction, human activities, careless handling, etc., also some of produced in transportation and distribution. Also the most of waste is produced due to the demolition of building.Thiswasteis not recycled in any form at present time. So they are useless and causes an environmental and disposal problem. The tiles are durable, hard and highly resistance to atmospheric, chemical, physical and biological actions. This properties of tiles is good and suitable for concrete. Hence this project aims to study the utilization of tiles waste as replacement of fine aggregate in concrete. This may help to improve the quality of concrete, make iteconomical andalso solve the disposal problem. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW A work done by Sunilaa [1] was focused on replacement of river sand using manufactured sand and quarry dust in cement concrete. The materials used to prepare concrete was Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC – 43 Grade),riversand, quarry dust, quarry stone. Concrete designwaspreparedfor proportion of 1:1.23:2.58 at water cement ratio of 0.43. River sand was replaced with quarry sand by 100% and 50%; and conducted Compression Test, Tensile Test, and Flexural Test. The concrete block has been casted for curing days of 7 days, 14 days, 28 days and 56 days. The result suggested that 50% of river sand can be replaced by quarry dust and manufactured sand to achieve strength of concrete which also improves the quality of concrete. Daniyal [2] the focus was on using waste ceramic tile aggregate in concrete. Waste ceramic tiles, the grading were done by natural aggregate to control concrete with compactable with ceramic tile aggregate as per I. S. Code 383-1970. Then the experiment were done on natural aggregate with ceramic aggregateasperI.S.2386(Part-VIII) 1960. The ceramic tiles aggregate is replaced with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% with natural coarse aggregate with water cement ratio of 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 sample and optimum percentage of ceramic tile aggregate as well as water cement is determined. Then tests wereconductedand checked. The result of the test suggests that the workability, density, compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete with ceramic tile aggregate were achieved satisfactorily. An experimental study carried by Usha [3] was focused on replacement of sand with crushed brick in concrete. Quarry stone sand was used as alternative to river sand. Use of an artificial sand instead of river sand in concrete saves the 40% cost. The aim of experiment was to assess the properties of concrete made with crushed brick and study various important properties suchasCompressionStrength,
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | Jan 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2 Tensile Strength and Flexural Strength of concrete. The crushed bricks were used in sand withpartiallyreplacement of natural sand. The grade was M25 and the proportion of crushed brick was 15%, 20% and 25% in concrete and used to cast cubes, beams and cylinders with curing of 7, 28 and 56 days. The workability of concrete was checked by Slump Test. The results obtained were satisfactory comparing to regular concrete. Another classical work done byManasseh[4]wasfocused on replacement of river sand with crushed fine granite. M35 grade concrete was used for casting blocks and cured for 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. The Compression and Tensile Test were conducted and the result shows that concrete produced from Granite crushed fine aggregatehassomeless physical and mechanical characteristic strength and more economical than conventional concrete. Shehden [5] the granite powder and iron powder (by- product of crushed polish granite and steel production respectively) is used for partially replacement of sand in concrete. Due to replacement of sand, propertiesofconcrete were improved. The Compression, Tensile and Flexural Strength Tests are conducted on concrete. The concrete mix includes the cement, sand, granite powder, iron powder, aggregate super plasticizer and water. The high strength for concrete was obtained as a result. Nagraj [6] are used concrete mixes with rock dust as fine aggregate” has conducted investigation to identify which of the aspects of proportioning of concrete mix would be affected by using rock dust partially and fully to replace sand. He observed that the rock dust reduces workability of concrete markedly; however compressive strength is not affect. He concluded that rock dust can be advantageously used as fine aggregate with appropriate use of super plasticizer. Prakash [7] investigate on concrete with stone crusher dust as fine aggregate” carried out the tests on stonecrusher dust as fine aggregate and concluded thattheconcretecubes with crusher dust developed about 17% higher strength in compression, 7% more split tensile strength and 20 %more flexural strength than the specimens of concrete with river sand. According to them the higher strength can be attributed to the sharp edges of stone dust providing stronger bond with cement as compared to the rounded shape of the river sand. The reinforced concrete beams with crusher dust sustained about 6% more load and developed smaller deflections and smaller strains than the beam with river sand. 3. MATERIAL & MIX DESIGN Ordinary Portland cement confirmingtoIS:8112-1989of53 grade having specific gravity 3.15isused.Thefineaggregate, natural coarse aggregate which was locally availableisused. The Waste Tiles Sand used as shown in Figure 1 in the experimental material which is obtained by crushingwastes tiles collected from the locally nearby availableconstruction sites and tile’s shops. The waste tiles sand was screened and size of below 4.75 mm is used. Table 1: Physical Properties of fine Aggregate Sr. No. Test Natural Sand Waste Tile Sand 1. Specific Gravity 2.54 2.49 2. Water Absorption 1.2% 1.62% 3. Sieve Analysis Zone II Zone II 4. Silt Content 1.96% 0.56% Figure 1: The waste tiles sand Mix design carried out for M30 grade concrete by using IS 10262:2009 for following properties of ingredients. Table 2: Concrete Mix Design SuperPlasticizer (%) Cement(kg) MixProportion Slump(mm) 28DaysComp. StrengthAchieved (MPa) 15 350 1.0:2.4:3.4:0.45 100 36.58 Following table shows the various abrasions used for different mix design of concrete. This norms are as follow: Table 3: Mix Proportion Norm Description of Mix Design DC1 0% Waste Tile Sand and 100% Natural Sand DC2 20% Waste Tile Sand and 80% Natural Sand DC3 40% Waste Tile Sand and 60% Natural Sand DC4 60% Waste Tile Sand and 40% Natural Sand
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | Jan 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3 DC5 80% Waste Tile Sand and 20% Natural Sand DC6 100% Waste Tile Sand and 0% Natural Sand 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS For Mix DC3 replacement of natural sand to waste tile sand increases the Compressive Strength up to 13.04%, afterthat it decreases, Tensile Strength up to 22.63%, after that it decreases and Flexural Strength up to 2.49% after that it decreases. For DC4 (60% replacement of natural sand to waste tile sand) increases the Shear Strength up to 38.07% afterthatit decreases. For Mix DC3 increases the Impact Strength up to 65.41% after that it decreases. Up to 40% replacement of natural sand to waste tile sand increases the Durability of concrete up to after that it decreases. Table 4: Fundamental Strength of Concrete Mix Mix No. Compressive Strength (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa) Flexural Strength (MPa) DC1 36.58 3.35 6.56 DC2 38.96 3.67 6.71 DC3 42.07 4.23 6.69 DC4 38.07 4.10 6.30 DC5 36.51 4.05 6.45 DC6 35.55 4.02 6.33 Table 5: Shear Strength, Impact and Durability of Concrete Mix Mix No. Shear Strength (MPa) Impact energy in N-m for RCPT (mA) First Crack Final Crack DC1 11.35 3912.48 3960.45 3719.44 DC2 15.75 6139.38 6166.79 2553.84 DC3 18.32 9261.72 9312.65 2448.42 DC4 16.20 7352.19 7393.30 2885.49 DC5 15.37 1493.73 1534.84 3741.84 DC6 14.34 1219.85 1308.72 4173.55 DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 DC5 DC6 0 10 20 30 40 50 CompressiveStrength(MPa) Mix No. Compressive Strength Figure 2: Average 28 Days Compressive Strength DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 DC5 DC6 0 2 4 6 TensileStrength(MPa) Mix No. Tensile Strength Figure 3: Average 28 Days Tensile Strength DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 DC5 DC6 0 2 4 6 8 FlexuralStrength(MPa) Mix No. Flexural Strength Figure 4: Average 28 Days Flexural Strength
4.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | Jan 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4 DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 DC5 DC6 0 4 8 12 16 20 ShearStrength(MPa) Mix No. Shear Strength Figure 5: Average 28 Days Shear Strength DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 DC5 DC6 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 ImpactenergyinN-mfor Mix No. First Crack Figure 6: Impact Energy at First Crack DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 DC5 DC6 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 ImpactenergyinN-mfor Mix No. Final Crack Figure 7: Impact Energy at Final Crack DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 DC5 DC6 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 RCPT(mA) Mix No. RCPT Figure 8: Rapid Chloride Penetration Test 5. CONCLUSION The optimum strength for concrete is obtained at 40% replacement of natural sand to waste tiles sand. Waste tiles sand gives better durability with reference to natural sand. Use of 100% waste tiles sand for concrete is advisable. REFERENCES [1] Ahmed, A. E. and EI. Kourd A. A. ( 1989), ‘Properties of concrete incorporating natural sand and crushed stone very fine sand’, American Concrete Journal, 86(4), 417-424. [2] Nature Environment and Pollution Technology ©Technoscience Publucation, vol 7,No.3,pp.475-478, 2008 [3] International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 4, Issue 12, December 2015 [4] IJSTE- International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering vol 2, Issue 08, February 2016 ISSN(online): 2349-784X [5] Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies ISSN 1583-1078, Issue 17, July- December 2010 [6] Nimitha Vijayaraghavan and A. S. Wayal, “Effect of manufactured sand on Compressive strength and workability of concrete”, International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, Vol.02,No. 04, Nov.2013., pp: 229 - 232. [7] Sahu A. K., Kumar S. and Sachan A. K. ‘Crushed Stone waste as Fine Aggregates for concrete’, Indian concrete Journal.
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International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | Jan 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 5 [8] Shaikh, M. G., Daimi, S. A. (2011), Durability studies of concrete made by Using artificial sand with dust and natural sand, International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering (ISSN 0974-5904), Vol. 04, No. 06 SPL, pp 823-825. [9] Indian Standard code of practice for Methods of Test for Strength of Concrete. I. S. 516-1959, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi. [10] Indian Standard code of practice for Methods of Test for Strength of Concrete. I. S. 516-1959, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi. [11] M. L. Gambhir, (2006), Concrete technology, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. India.
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