Presentation of determinants of health
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Determinants of Health
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Presentation of determinants of health
- 1. Health & the Determinants of Health
- 3. âWhen health is absent Wisdom cannot reveal itself Art cannot manifest Strength cannot fight Wealth becomes useless And Intelligence cannot be appliedâ Herophilus, 335â280 BC Physician to Alexander the Great Introduction
- 4. Perfect Health Death Every state of health can be placed somewhere along the line Introduction ď Dimension of Health ďź Continuum
- 5. Introduction Dimensions 5 ď Dimension of Health ⢠Physical ⢠Mental ⢠Social ⢠Emotional ⢠Vocational ⢠Others
- 6. âHealth is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmityâ Introduction
- 7. Modern People are under attacks by various factors ⢠Hazardous environment ⢠Stress ⢠Physical inactivity ⢠Infectious agents ⢠Unhealthy diet Every year we loseâŚSomething we can safe, if we know how! Introduction
- 8. ď Risky behaviour ďź Smoking ďź Alcohol ďź Drugs ďź Dietary habits ďź Physical inactivity Introduction
- 9. ď Lifestyle changes vs specific treatment Introduction
- 10. To briefly discuss about health and its determinants Aim
- 11. ď Determinants of health ď Health Models ď Recommendations ď Conclusion Sequence
- 13. ď Range of inter-related personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status Determinants of Health
- 15. ď Determinants of Health ďź Human biology ďź Environment ďź Lifestyle ďź Health care system ďź Social conditions in which people live and work Determinants of Health
- 16. Human Biology
- 17. ď Human biology ďź Biological factors are the primary determinant of health ďź Main biological factors ⢠Endogenous ďś Genetic heritage ďś Passive immunity ⢠Exogenous ďś Other living things (microorganisms) Determinants of Health
- 18. Determinants of Health ď Heredity
- 19. Environment
- 20. ď Environment ďź Physical ďź Human ⢠Culture ⢠Customs ⢠Religion ď Environment ďź External ďź Internal Determinants of Health
- 21. Determinants of Health ď Environment
- 22. Determinants of Health ď Environment ďź Traditions ďź Beliefs
- 23. Lifestyle
- 24. HEALTH Determinants of Health ď Lifestyle
- 25. HEALTH Determinants of Health ď Lifestyle
- 27. ď Health Care System Health Determinants Stakeholders Govt Public NGO Health insurance Hospital Adm Health Care Providers
- 28. ď Health Care System organization Health Determinants Tertiary Care Secondary Care Primary Care First level healthcare facilities BHUs, RHCs, Dispensaries
- 29. Health Determinants 29 ⢠Service Delivery ⢠Health Workforce ⢠Information ⢠Medical Products ⢠Financing ⢠Leadership / Governance ⢠Improved Health ⢠Responsiveness ⢠Social & Financial Risk Protection ⢠Improved Efficiency Access Quality Safety Coverage ď Six building blocks of a Health System WHO Health System Framework
- 30. Social
- 31. Social class is a powerful determinant of health When the Titanic sank in 1912 4 first class female passengers âŚ.. Of a total of 143 were lost Among the second class passengers, 15 of 93 females drowned and among the third class, 81 of 179 female passengers went down with the ship The third class passengers were ordered to remain below, at the point of the gun Social conditions
- 32. Social Determinants of Health Economic stability Environment Education Food Community & Social context Health Care System Employment Housing Literacy Hunger Social integration Health coverage Income Transportation Language Access to healthy options Support systems Provider availability Expenses Safety Childhood Education Community engagement Provider linguistic and cultural competency Debt Parks Vocational training Discrimination Quality of care Medical bills support Playgrounds Walkability Higher education
- 33. ď Economic stability ďź Absence of excesses fluctuations Social Determinants of Health
- 34. ď Physical environment Social Determinants of Health
- 35. ď Education Social Determinants of Health
- 36. ď Food Social Determinants of Health
- 37. Social Determinants of Health ď Food
- 38. ď Social context Social Determinants of Health
- 40. 40 Health Model
- 41. ď Health and well-being of individuals and populations across all age groups is influenced by a range of factors ďź Biomedical ďź Behavioural ďź Socio-economic Health Model
- 42. ď Dahlgren and Whitehead â 1991, Rainbow Model ďź Describes the layers of influence on an individual's health Health Model
- 43. ď Rainbow Model by Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991) ďź US the relative impact of the various domains of health determinants have been determined Health Model 30 40 15 5 10 Genetic Predisposition Behavioural Social Environmental Medical care Shortfalls
- 44. Way forward
- 45. Biology & Genetic Endowment Healthy Child Development Health Services Gender Culture Social Support Networks Education & Literacy Physical Environment Social Environment Employment & Working Conditions Personal Health Practices & Coping Skills Income & Social Status Health determinants
- 46. Recommendations
- 48. 48 Conclusion
- 49. Conclusion We know what makes us ill When we are ill we are told That itâs you who will heal us When we come to you Our rags are torn off us And you listen all over our body As to the cause of our illness One glance at our rags, would Tell you more It is the same cause, that wears out Our bodies and our clothes A Workerâs Speech to a Doctor by Bertolt Brecht, 1938
- 50. THANK YOU
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Regarding the dimensions of the health. Its not that at one end of there is perfect health and at the other end there is death, rather it is a continuum and every state of health can be placed somewhere along the line.
- The dimension of health include Physical Mental health- which is Freedom from internal conflicts Social Emotional mainly relates to Feeling Vocational â adjustment to work in context with the physical and mental health Others- like Cultural, , Educational, nutritional etc.
- Thus the health has been defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
- Modern People are under attacks by various factors such as ⢠Hazardous environment ⢠Stress ⢠Physical inactivity ⢠Infectious agents ⢠Unhealthy diet Due to which, Every year we loseâŚSomething we can safe, if we know how!
- The situation is further aggravated due to our risky behavior such as smoking, alcohol consumption, drug abuse, unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity etc
- This slide tells us that the Role of determinants of health is more important than vaccine or the specific treatment. As The incidence of the diseases dropped due to lifestyle modifications long before the advent of the vaccines.
- With this I come to the aim of my presentation which is to briefly discuss about health and its determinants.
- The sequence of my presentation is as shown on viewfile
- Health determinants
- Range of inter-related personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status
- A brief description of the real determinants of health
- The determinants of health can be categorized according to Human biology Environment Lifestyle Health care system Social conditions in which people live and work
- Human biology
- Biological factors are the primary determinant of health The main biological factors are Endogenous Such as the Genetic heritage And Passive immunity Whereas the Exogenous factors could be Other living things such as the microorganisms
- Thus heredity and gender play an important role in the health of the individual
- Environment
- Environment can be physical such as the natural things around us And the Human environment comprising of man made things, especially Culture Customs Religion Environment can also be categorized as external and internal
- There is interplay between beliefs, customs, values and attitudes
- And thus Health is affected by traditions and beliefs of the family and the community
- Lifestyle matters
- and health is affected by the various lifestyles of the individuals
- Thus it is important to have a positive attitude in life and adopt healthy lifestyles.
- Health care system plays an important role in the outcome of the health
- The major stakeholders are the Government, the general public themselves, non governmental organizations, health insurance companies, the hospital administration and the health care provides
- The health care delivery system is categorized into primary, secondary and tertiary levels. The primary level should be the base and maximum person should be treated there.
- The six basic inputs of the health sector are Service delivery, health workforce, information, medical products, financing and leadership. The health services should be assessable, the coverage universal, with quality and safety. The health outcome of this system will be improved health, responsiveness, Social & Financial Risk Protection and improved efficiency.
- Social factors
- Social class is a powerful determinant of health When the Titanic sank in 1912 4 first class female passengers âŚ.. Of a total of 143 were lost Among the second class passengers, 15 of 93 females drowned and among the third class, 81 of 179 female passengers went down with the ship The third class passengers were ordered to remain below, at the point of the gun
- The factors can be broadly categorized into Economic stability, Environment, Education, Food, Community & Social context and Health Care System
- Stable economy leads to greater spending on health care
- Good environment has a positive effect on health
- Good education from primary to professional college is important, because, education is directly linked with good hygiene and thus good health.
- We have the choice to go for unhealthy or the healthy food
- Food habits transform our shapes Our choices of food determine the shape And we can choice how we look
- Humans are social and cannot live in isolation, and thus are affected by the social environment around them
- A lot has to be done to built a just society with no disparities where everyone lives in harmony.
- Health models describe The interplay of the determinants of health
- The health and well-being of individuals and populations across all age groups is influenced by a range of factors Thus health models were made on the basis of Biomedical Behavioural Socio-economic
- Dahlgren and Whitehead in 1991 proposed the Rainbow Model Describes the layers of influence on an individual's health Theses are the Fixed (core, non-modifiable), such as age, sex and genetics And a Set of potentially modifiable factors expressed as a series of layers of influence namely Personal lifestyle Physical and social environment Wider socio-economic, cultural and environment conditions
- In the US the relative impact of the various domains of health determinants have been determined ⢠30% is from genetic predispositions 40% is from behavioural/lifestyle patterns ⢠15% is from social circumstances ⢠5% is from environmental exposures ⢠and 10% is from shortfalls in medical care
- The way forward is to
- At least concentrate on the 12 core determinates of health
- Recommendations
- At the individual level enhance knowledge, have a positive attitude and improve our skills At the interpersonal level improve ties amongst family, friends Improvement of hygiene and sanitation At the organizational level Community participation at each every level And implementation of public policies
- I conclude by quoting A Workerâs Speech to a Doctor by Bertolt Brecht, 1938 We know what makes us ill When we are ill we are told That itâs you who will heal us When we come to you Our rags are torn off us And you listen all over our body As to the cause of our illness One glance at our rags would Tell you more It is the same cause that wears out Our bodies and our clothes