2. Theories of Socialization
• Socialization- the complex, lifelong
learning process through which
individuals develop a sense of self and
acquire the knowledge, skills, values,
norms, and dispositions through which
the individual takes on the ways of
thinking, seeing, believing, and behaving
that prevail in society
3. Primary Socialization
• Occurs within the micro world of the family
• Children learn cognitive skills and selfcontrol as well as the internalization of
moral standards.
• Children develop attitudes and behaviours
for social interactions
• Gender identity and an understanding of
masculinity and femininity are also learned.
4. Secondary Socialization
• The school is the main agent of
secondary socialization.
• Peer groups and the media are also
agents of secondary socialization.
5. “Socialized people know what is
expected of them because they are
introduced to a culturally specific
but generally shared system of
symbols, meanings, and values.
Socialization is considered
necessary to ensure the stability
and functioning of the social
system.”
9. Teacher Typifications of Students
• Tracking
• Streaming
• Two or more streams and separate classes
at the same grade level
• The child internalizes the effects of the
placement.
10. Typifications
• Typifications of individual pupils become
part of teachers’ common sense
knowledge about students in the
classroom.
• The constructs used to assess a students’
character are appearance, language
ability, conformity to discipline,
acceptance of his or her academic role,
general likeableness, and relations with
peers.
12. Political socializations
• The school plays a role in inculcating the
values and norms that support the
prevailing structure of society, including
the dominant political ideology.
13. Hidden Curriculum
• Refers to the tacit teaching of norms,
values, and dispositions that occur
thorugh students’ participation in social
experiences in routine school activities.
• “Texts are not simply ‘delivery’ systems
of ‘facts.’ They are at once the result of
political, economic, and cultural
activities, battles, and compromises.”
14. Call to action:
• As teachers, “we must create the
conditions necessary to enable
individuals to participate in creating,
and, perhaps, changing meanings and
values.”
15. Peer groups and Popular Culture
•
•
•
Informal process of schooling
Relationships that lead to the
development of youth or student
subcultures constitute participation in
sets of norms and values that control
the behaviour of peer group members.
Students and teachers alike
appropriate popular culture and
incorporate this into their educational
experiences.
Hinweis der Redaktion
Social roles and obligations varyClass, ethnicity, race, and gender – as well as constant changes
