1. HYGIENE AND SANITATION
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE EFFORTS IN
VULNERABLE COMMUNITIES OF
WESTERN NEPAL
Chhabi Goudel – Health and Sanitation Specialist
Markus Tuukkanen – Junior Technical Advisor
Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Western Nepal (RWSSP-WN)
1.2.2012, Dhaka, Practitioners’workshop

2. RWSSP-WN
Overall objective
• Increased wellbeing of the
poorest and excluded
households
Project Purpose
• To fulfil the basic needs and
ensure rights of access of Small Doable Actions in H & S
the poorest and excluded
households to safe domestic
water, good health and
hygiene through
decentralized governance
system
Chhabi Goudel
Markus Tuukkanen
Dhaka 2012 RWSSP-WN

3. SANITATION COVERAGE IN NEPAL
78 %
0.6 54 %
80
70
0.5
42 %46 %
60
0.4
31 %29 %
43 %
50
37 % 0.3
40
0.2
30
20 0.1
10
0
0
Rural Urban National
Chhabi Goudel
Dhaka 2012 Markus Tuukkanen
RWSSP-WN

4. NATIONAL TARGETS AND POLICY
National Target
• Universal coverage
(100%) by 2017 with
basic sanitation ,
• No common national
target for hygiene
promotion
Existing Policy
• National Sanitation
and Hygiene Master
Plan: 2010-2017
Chhabi Goudel
Dhaka 2012 Markus Tuukkanen
RWSSP-WN

5. Budget by agency : Total expenditure Rs. 22.3
billion
Off budget
past 6 years
(2.6 b)
Small Towns
(3.1 b)
DWSS
(10.4 b)
RWSSFDB (2.6 b)
(3.8 b)
DoLIDAR
Source: Sharma Suman, MPPW

6. Why the Idea of Community Led Total
Behaviour Change in H & S ( CLTBCHS)
Various approaches -However, the situation
-WASH associated diseases more prevalent i.e.
Diarrhea, Skin, Typhoid etc.
-10,500 children still dying from diarrheal
diseases. Diarrheal outbreak still persistent.
-The annual cost of the increased morbidity
and mortality of sanitation related diseases is
conservatively estimated to be USD
8,000, 0000

7. How -RWSSP-WN Implementing CLTBCHS
Focus on Behavior Change in H & S
Community led
Realization for behavior change
Total
Focus on local leadership Behaviour
LTBCF s Training- district level Equal emphasis on hygiene & Change in
nutrition Hygiene
Talking about open shit- OPENLY and
Ignition and Pre-Triggering, and Sanitation
Triggering
Choice of technology, ODF
declaration
TBC Triggers training -VDC level Post ODF Rewarding
Post ODF Follow up
Chhabi Goudel
Dhaka 2012 Markus Tuukkanen
RWSSP-WN

8. PROGRESS IN SANITATION COVERAGE
0.9
0.8
0.7
38%
progress
0.6
0.5
0.4 80 %
0.3
0.2
43 % 47 % 42 %
0.1
0
National status 2010 NMIP 2010, RWSSP WN RWSSP-WN Baseline 2009 Progress in program VDCs
working districts in 51 program VDCs after RWSSP-WN efforts
2009-2011
Chhabi Goudel
Dhaka 2012 Markus Tuukkanen
RWSSP-WN

9. TOTAL ODF VDC´S IN NEPAL
251
250
(100%)
200
150
73 (29%)
100
50
0
Total ODF VDC´s by Total ODF VDC´s in
RWSSP-WN Nepal
Chhabi Goudel
Dhaka 2012 Markus Tuukkanen
RWSSP-WN

10. How this happened in 2 years period
Level of
Happiness
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Increasing
Happiness
Decreasing
happiness
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Time line

11. Creating disgust, shame and Realisation

12. Focussing for Change in Key
Hygiene Behaviours and Small
Doable Actions
Safe disposal of feces
Hand washing at four critical times
Safe handling of Household Drinking
Water and food
Personal hygiene including MHM
Proper solid and liquid waste management

13. Walk of Pride -ODF Declaration

14. Walk of Pride-Sanitation Campaign

15. Toilet construction

16. Post ODF- Rewarding

17. Realisation

18. Oath Taking during ODF declaration

19. Leading

20. Thank you
Chhabi Goudel
Dhaka 2012 Markus Tuukkanen
RWSSP-WN