SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 12
KUMPULAN 3
 Mohd   Salleh (1991) : ketidaksamaan yg
  terdpt pd diri seseorg dr segi
  mental, pencapaian akademik, penguasaan
  bahasa, saiz
  fizikal, perwatakan, sosial, emosi atau moral
  dan kreativiti. Perbezaan tsbt adalah yg dpt
  dilihat dan ada yg tdk.
 EMOSI - murid-murid boleh jadi
  beremosi, sensitif, riang, murung, dll.
 Tdk menyiapkan latihan P&P
 Memerlukan lebih banyak bimbingan
  berbanding dgn murid yg lain
 Masalah dalam memori jangka panjang dan
  jangka pendek
 Tidak bekerjasama dengan ahli kumpulan
 Anti-sosial
 Ketawa dan menangis dalam situasi yang tdk
  dijangka
   “I would review the student’s IEP to find out her
    history and work with the Resource teacher to learn
    the needed accommodations to make her as
    comfortable as possible in the classroom. Her
    assigned seating area would be within close
    proximity to me and next to a nurturing and
    supportive student. It would be best if she were not
    near distracting areas such as the door or talkative
    students. I would be sure to provide her with plenty
    of one-on-one time and allow for a break away from
    the setting as needed. I would also create a behavior
    chart to monitor daily progress and use it as an
    opportunity for incentives. I would provide the
    student with consistent praise on good days and
    discuss areas of improvement on the more difficult
    days. It would be highly imperative to maintain an
    open dialogue with the parents to discuss the high
    and low points that occur throughout each week.”
 Persekitaranyg selesa
 Tempat duduk yg berdekatan dgn guru serta
  murid yg dpt memberi galakkan
 Memberi masa one-to-one bersama guru kpd
  murid tsebut & rehat
 Menyediakan carta tingkah laku utk
  memantau perkembangan harian
 Memberi pujian
 Perbincangan bersama ibu bapa
   “My primary objective would be reviewing the
    IEP to see the needs of the student. I would then
    schedule a meeting with an administrator and
    the student’s parents to discuss the behavior
    and formulate a plan for the student’s success. I
    would offer daily one-on-one attention (lunch
    activity and/or discussion) and create a behavior
    chart to monitor the daily activities. I would
    also allow for breaks away from the setting to
    better assist the student with regaining her
    composure and settling down for the remainder
    of the class. The student would definitely need
    consistent support and praise throughout the
    duration of the course. It would also be key to
    involve and maintain consistent contact with the
    school Psychologist.”
 Berjumpa  dgn ibu bapa murid bersama dgn
  pentadbir utk perbincangan
 One-to-one antara guru & murid
 Menyediakan carta tingkah laku utk
  memantau perkembangan aktiviti harian
  murid
 Galakkan berterusan dan peneguhan positif
 Merujuk kepada guru b&k
 Develop  a plan
 Be accessible
 Set the guidelines for the classroom
 Be prepared
 Berbincang dgn ibu bapa, murid, pentadbir
 utk mcari jalan penyelesaian menangani
 masalah gangguan emosi murid
 Murid yg mpy gangguan emosi biasanya suka
  minta perhatian guru
 Masa one-to-one
 Meningkatkan self-esteem murid
 Menjelaskan   peraturan bilik darjah kepada
  murid
 Murid dikehendaki memahami dan mematuhi
  peraturan bilik darjah yg ditetapkan
 Peneguhan positif diberi sekiranya murid dpt
  menunjukkan tingkah laku positif
 Guru harus sentiasa bersedia dlm bilik darjah
 “Always be prepared for the worst, but
  never expect the worst from his or her
  students.”

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Bill Rogers: Positive Behaviour Leadership
Bill Rogers: Positive Behaviour LeadershipBill Rogers: Positive Behaviour Leadership
Bill Rogers: Positive Behaviour LeadershipJazmin Valentine
 
My philosophy of teaching
My philosophy of teachingMy philosophy of teaching
My philosophy of teachingantonella3218
 
Improving behaviour for learning
Improving behaviour for learningImproving behaviour for learning
Improving behaviour for learningJimBob47
 
Behaviour for learning 4
Behaviour for learning 4Behaviour for learning 4
Behaviour for learning 4simoncohl
 
Discipline Techniques for Preschool Classroom
Discipline Techniques for Preschool ClassroomDiscipline Techniques for Preschool Classroom
Discipline Techniques for Preschool ClassroomChristian Sisles Gle
 
Principles of Teaching 1 (Unit IV - Chapter 4)
Principles of Teaching 1 (Unit IV - Chapter 4)Principles of Teaching 1 (Unit IV - Chapter 4)
Principles of Teaching 1 (Unit IV - Chapter 4)Ana Sumayang
 
Positive discipline in the inclusive learning friendly classroom
Positive discipline in the inclusive learning   friendly classroomPositive discipline in the inclusive learning   friendly classroom
Positive discipline in the inclusive learning friendly classroomSphiwe Nkosi
 
Early childhood sdu 590721_last
Early childhood sdu 590721_lastEarly childhood sdu 590721_last
Early childhood sdu 590721_lastPattie Pattie
 
General review of discipline in Pre-school
General review of discipline in Pre-schoolGeneral review of discipline in Pre-school
General review of discipline in Pre-schoolSanna Sheikh
 
Motivation to the students.
Motivation to  the students.Motivation to  the students.
Motivation to the students.jksofy
 
Teachers Responsibilities
Teachers ResponsibilitiesTeachers Responsibilities
Teachers Responsibilitiesrodeth lumbao
 
Theories of congruent communicatio
Theories of congruent communicatioTheories of congruent communicatio
Theories of congruent communicatiozazlyn
 
Teachers Responsibility
Teachers ResponsibilityTeachers Responsibility
Teachers Responsibilityrodeth lumbao
 
Qualities of good teacher
Qualities of good teacherQualities of good teacher
Qualities of good teacherPremanand Singh
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Bill Rogers: Positive Behaviour Leadership
Bill Rogers: Positive Behaviour LeadershipBill Rogers: Positive Behaviour Leadership
Bill Rogers: Positive Behaviour Leadership
 
My philosophy of teaching
My philosophy of teachingMy philosophy of teaching
My philosophy of teaching
 
Improving behaviour for learning
Improving behaviour for learningImproving behaviour for learning
Improving behaviour for learning
 
Behaviour for learning 4
Behaviour for learning 4Behaviour for learning 4
Behaviour for learning 4
 
Discipline Techniques for Preschool Classroom
Discipline Techniques for Preschool ClassroomDiscipline Techniques for Preschool Classroom
Discipline Techniques for Preschool Classroom
 
Principles of Teaching 1 (Unit IV - Chapter 4)
Principles of Teaching 1 (Unit IV - Chapter 4)Principles of Teaching 1 (Unit IV - Chapter 4)
Principles of Teaching 1 (Unit IV - Chapter 4)
 
Top ten qualities of a great teacher
Top ten qualities of a great teacherTop ten qualities of a great teacher
Top ten qualities of a great teacher
 
Positive discipline in the inclusive learning friendly classroom
Positive discipline in the inclusive learning   friendly classroomPositive discipline in the inclusive learning   friendly classroom
Positive discipline in the inclusive learning friendly classroom
 
Early childhood sdu 590721_last
Early childhood sdu 590721_lastEarly childhood sdu 590721_last
Early childhood sdu 590721_last
 
General review of discipline in Pre-school
General review of discipline in Pre-schoolGeneral review of discipline in Pre-school
General review of discipline in Pre-school
 
Teachers
TeachersTeachers
Teachers
 
Motivation to the students.
Motivation to  the students.Motivation to  the students.
Motivation to the students.
 
Teachers Responsibilities
Teachers ResponsibilitiesTeachers Responsibilities
Teachers Responsibilities
 
Week 5 3rd semester
Week 5 3rd semesterWeek 5 3rd semester
Week 5 3rd semester
 
Theories of congruent communicatio
Theories of congruent communicatioTheories of congruent communicatio
Theories of congruent communicatio
 
Teachers Responsibility
Teachers ResponsibilityTeachers Responsibility
Teachers Responsibility
 
Classroom management
Classroom management Classroom management
Classroom management
 
Melanie psed 3
Melanie psed 3Melanie psed 3
Melanie psed 3
 
Qualities of good teacher
Qualities of good teacherQualities of good teacher
Qualities of good teacher
 
Smithtown SEL
Smithtown SELSmithtown SEL
Smithtown SEL
 

Ähnlich wie Pendekatan guru-dalam-menangani-masalah-gangguan-emosi-dalam

CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT for Multigrade Class.pptx
CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT for Multigrade Class.pptxCLASSROOM MANAGEMENT for Multigrade Class.pptx
CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT for Multigrade Class.pptxAnneCa1
 
classroommanagementppt1-160220142609.pptx
classroommanagementppt1-160220142609.pptxclassroommanagementppt1-160220142609.pptx
classroommanagementppt1-160220142609.pptxChhayaRajeev
 
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011 julie papps
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011 julie pappsEdlt115 e portfolio 2011 julie papps
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011 julie pappsjpapps
 
Field Study 2: Classroom Management
Field Study 2: Classroom ManagementField Study 2: Classroom Management
Field Study 2: Classroom ManagementJamaica Olazo
 
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011Edlt115 e portfolio 2011
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011jpapps
 
Bridge the Gap - Helikx Newsletter
Bridge the Gap - Helikx NewsletterBridge the Gap - Helikx Newsletter
Bridge the Gap - Helikx Newsletteralen kalayil
 
Memory and creating patterns of meaning 2
Memory and creating patterns of meaning 2Memory and creating patterns of meaning 2
Memory and creating patterns of meaning 2nikkisue72
 
Introduction to the teaching profession field observation
Introduction to the teaching profession field observationIntroduction to the teaching profession field observation
Introduction to the teaching profession field observationozuluaga
 
Role of general teacher and resource teacher
Role of general teacher and resource teacherRole of general teacher and resource teacher
Role of general teacher and resource teacherKetan Kamble
 
How to help teacher be effective article
How to help teacher be effective articleHow to help teacher be effective article
How to help teacher be effective articleMr Bounab Samir
 
Pastel Illustration Computer UI English Class Education Presentation (1).pptx
Pastel Illustration Computer UI English Class Education Presentation (1).pptxPastel Illustration Computer UI English Class Education Presentation (1).pptx
Pastel Illustration Computer UI English Class Education Presentation (1).pptxMAREMALUNA
 
What Makes a Lesson Outstanding?
What Makes a Lesson Outstanding?What Makes a Lesson Outstanding?
What Makes a Lesson Outstanding?Nina Moore
 
Class management-
Class management-Class management-
Class management-hbaccount
 
Module 1 Lecture Highlights.pptx
Module 1 Lecture Highlights.pptxModule 1 Lecture Highlights.pptx
Module 1 Lecture Highlights.pptxMichaelSebullen1
 
Mtn.view school discipline presentation 12 13
Mtn.view school discipline presentation 12 13Mtn.view school discipline presentation 12 13
Mtn.view school discipline presentation 12 13dowelld
 
Curriculum and pedagogy in early childhood curriculum
Curriculum and pedagogy in early childhood  curriculumCurriculum and pedagogy in early childhood  curriculum
Curriculum and pedagogy in early childhood curriculumjilu123
 

Ähnlich wie Pendekatan guru-dalam-menangani-masalah-gangguan-emosi-dalam (20)

CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT for Multigrade Class.pptx
CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT for Multigrade Class.pptxCLASSROOM MANAGEMENT for Multigrade Class.pptx
CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT for Multigrade Class.pptx
 
Classroom management ppt 1
Classroom management ppt 1Classroom management ppt 1
Classroom management ppt 1
 
classroommanagementppt1-160220142609.pptx
classroommanagementppt1-160220142609.pptxclassroommanagementppt1-160220142609.pptx
classroommanagementppt1-160220142609.pptx
 
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011 julie papps
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011 julie pappsEdlt115 e portfolio 2011 julie papps
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011 julie papps
 
Field Study 2: Classroom Management
Field Study 2: Classroom ManagementField Study 2: Classroom Management
Field Study 2: Classroom Management
 
Learning
LearningLearning
Learning
 
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011Edlt115 e portfolio 2011
Edlt115 e portfolio 2011
 
Bridge the Gap - Helikx Newsletter
Bridge the Gap - Helikx NewsletterBridge the Gap - Helikx Newsletter
Bridge the Gap - Helikx Newsletter
 
Memory and creating patterns of meaning 2
Memory and creating patterns of meaning 2Memory and creating patterns of meaning 2
Memory and creating patterns of meaning 2
 
Introduction to the teaching profession field observation
Introduction to the teaching profession field observationIntroduction to the teaching profession field observation
Introduction to the teaching profession field observation
 
Role of general teacher and resource teacher
Role of general teacher and resource teacherRole of general teacher and resource teacher
Role of general teacher and resource teacher
 
Years ago
Years agoYears ago
Years ago
 
How to help teacher be effective article
How to help teacher be effective articleHow to help teacher be effective article
How to help teacher be effective article
 
Pastel Illustration Computer UI English Class Education Presentation (1).pptx
Pastel Illustration Computer UI English Class Education Presentation (1).pptxPastel Illustration Computer UI English Class Education Presentation (1).pptx
Pastel Illustration Computer UI English Class Education Presentation (1).pptx
 
What Makes a Lesson Outstanding?
What Makes a Lesson Outstanding?What Makes a Lesson Outstanding?
What Makes a Lesson Outstanding?
 
Class management-
Class management-Class management-
Class management-
 
Module 1 Lecture Highlights.pptx
Module 1 Lecture Highlights.pptxModule 1 Lecture Highlights.pptx
Module 1 Lecture Highlights.pptx
 
Positive interventions
Positive interventionsPositive interventions
Positive interventions
 
Mtn.view school discipline presentation 12 13
Mtn.view school discipline presentation 12 13Mtn.view school discipline presentation 12 13
Mtn.view school discipline presentation 12 13
 
Curriculum and pedagogy in early childhood curriculum
Curriculum and pedagogy in early childhood  curriculumCurriculum and pedagogy in early childhood  curriculum
Curriculum and pedagogy in early childhood curriculum
 

Mehr von Pensil Dan Pemadam

Soalan akhir tahun dunia muzik tahun 2
Soalan akhir tahun dunia muzik tahun 2Soalan akhir tahun dunia muzik tahun 2
Soalan akhir tahun dunia muzik tahun 2Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Ujian bulanan ogos dunia muzik
Ujian bulanan ogos dunia muzikUjian bulanan ogos dunia muzik
Ujian bulanan ogos dunia muzikPensil Dan Pemadam
 
Soalan akhir tahun dst tahun 2
Soalan akhir tahun dst tahun 2Soalan akhir tahun dst tahun 2
Soalan akhir tahun dst tahun 2Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Ujian mt tahun 5 k2 kssr mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 5 k2 kssr   mac 2014Ujian mt tahun 5 k2 kssr   mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 5 k2 kssr mac 2014Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Ujian mt tahun 5 k1 kssr mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 5 k1 kssr   mac 2014Ujian mt tahun 5 k1 kssr   mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 5 k1 kssr mac 2014Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Ujian mt tahun 2 kssr mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 2 kssr   mac 2014Ujian mt tahun 2 kssr   mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 2 kssr mac 2014Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Ujian bulan mac 2015 matematik tahun2
Ujian bulan mac 2015 matematik tahun2Ujian bulan mac 2015 matematik tahun2
Ujian bulan mac 2015 matematik tahun2Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr sept 2014
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr   sept 2014Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr   sept 2014
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr sept 2014Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr ppt 2014
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr   ppt 2014Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr   ppt 2014
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr ppt 2014Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Selaras1y2p1 150301012508-conversion-gate02
Selaras1y2p1 150301012508-conversion-gate02Selaras1y2p1 150301012508-conversion-gate02
Selaras1y2p1 150301012508-conversion-gate02Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Soalanpsvtahun123456 120522053115-phpapp01
Soalanpsvtahun123456 120522053115-phpapp01Soalanpsvtahun123456 120522053115-phpapp01
Soalanpsvtahun123456 120522053115-phpapp01Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Soalanpsvtahun456siapskema1 130623012404-phpapp02
Soalanpsvtahun456siapskema1 130623012404-phpapp02Soalanpsvtahun456siapskema1 130623012404-phpapp02
Soalanpsvtahun456siapskema1 130623012404-phpapp02Pensil Dan Pemadam
 
Rpt pendidikan-seni-visual-tahun-4
Rpt pendidikan-seni-visual-tahun-4Rpt pendidikan-seni-visual-tahun-4
Rpt pendidikan-seni-visual-tahun-4Pensil Dan Pemadam
 

Mehr von Pensil Dan Pemadam (20)

Soalan akhir tahun dunia muzik tahun 2
Soalan akhir tahun dunia muzik tahun 2Soalan akhir tahun dunia muzik tahun 2
Soalan akhir tahun dunia muzik tahun 2
 
Ujian bulanan ogos dunia muzik
Ujian bulanan ogos dunia muzikUjian bulanan ogos dunia muzik
Ujian bulanan ogos dunia muzik
 
Ujian dst ogos
Ujian dst ogosUjian dst ogos
Ujian dst ogos
 
Soalan akhir tahun dst tahun 2
Soalan akhir tahun dst tahun 2Soalan akhir tahun dst tahun 2
Soalan akhir tahun dst tahun 2
 
Yr 5 p1 09
Yr 5 p1 09Yr 5 p1 09
Yr 5 p1 09
 
Ujian mt tahun 5 k2 kssr mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 5 k2 kssr   mac 2014Ujian mt tahun 5 k2 kssr   mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 5 k2 kssr mac 2014
 
Ujian mt tahun 5 k1 kssr mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 5 k1 kssr   mac 2014Ujian mt tahun 5 k1 kssr   mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 5 k1 kssr mac 2014
 
Ujian bulanan ogos
Ujian bulanan ogosUjian bulanan ogos
Ujian bulanan ogos
 
Ujian mt tahun 2 kssr mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 2 kssr   mac 2014Ujian mt tahun 2 kssr   mac 2014
Ujian mt tahun 2 kssr mac 2014
 
Ujian bulan mac 2015 matematik tahun2
Ujian bulan mac 2015 matematik tahun2Ujian bulan mac 2015 matematik tahun2
Ujian bulan mac 2015 matematik tahun2
 
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr sept 2014
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr   sept 2014Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr   sept 2014
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr sept 2014
 
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr ppt 2014
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr   ppt 2014Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr   ppt 2014
Soalan mt tahun 2 kssr ppt 2014
 
Selaras1y2p1 150301012508-conversion-gate02
Selaras1y2p1 150301012508-conversion-gate02Selaras1y2p1 150301012508-conversion-gate02
Selaras1y2p1 150301012508-conversion-gate02
 
Soalan pjpk t3 ppt2013
Soalan pjpk t3   ppt2013Soalan pjpk t3   ppt2013
Soalan pjpk t3 ppt2013
 
Soalanpsvtahun123456 120522053115-phpapp01
Soalanpsvtahun123456 120522053115-phpapp01Soalanpsvtahun123456 120522053115-phpapp01
Soalanpsvtahun123456 120522053115-phpapp01
 
Soalanpsvtahun456siapskema1 130623012404-phpapp02
Soalanpsvtahun456siapskema1 130623012404-phpapp02Soalanpsvtahun456siapskema1 130623012404-phpapp02
Soalanpsvtahun456siapskema1 130623012404-phpapp02
 
Sampul duit raya
Sampul duit rayaSampul duit raya
Sampul duit raya
 
Rpt pendidikan-seni-visual-tahun-4
Rpt pendidikan-seni-visual-tahun-4Rpt pendidikan-seni-visual-tahun-4
Rpt pendidikan-seni-visual-tahun-4
 
Psv
PsvPsv
Psv
 
Ujian pj
Ujian pjUjian pj
Ujian pj
 

Pendekatan guru-dalam-menangani-masalah-gangguan-emosi-dalam

  • 2.  Mohd Salleh (1991) : ketidaksamaan yg terdpt pd diri seseorg dr segi mental, pencapaian akademik, penguasaan bahasa, saiz fizikal, perwatakan, sosial, emosi atau moral dan kreativiti. Perbezaan tsbt adalah yg dpt dilihat dan ada yg tdk.  EMOSI - murid-murid boleh jadi beremosi, sensitif, riang, murung, dll.
  • 3.  Tdk menyiapkan latihan P&P  Memerlukan lebih banyak bimbingan berbanding dgn murid yg lain  Masalah dalam memori jangka panjang dan jangka pendek  Tidak bekerjasama dengan ahli kumpulan  Anti-sosial  Ketawa dan menangis dalam situasi yang tdk dijangka
  • 4. “I would review the student’s IEP to find out her history and work with the Resource teacher to learn the needed accommodations to make her as comfortable as possible in the classroom. Her assigned seating area would be within close proximity to me and next to a nurturing and supportive student. It would be best if she were not near distracting areas such as the door or talkative students. I would be sure to provide her with plenty of one-on-one time and allow for a break away from the setting as needed. I would also create a behavior chart to monitor daily progress and use it as an opportunity for incentives. I would provide the student with consistent praise on good days and discuss areas of improvement on the more difficult days. It would be highly imperative to maintain an open dialogue with the parents to discuss the high and low points that occur throughout each week.”
  • 5.  Persekitaranyg selesa  Tempat duduk yg berdekatan dgn guru serta murid yg dpt memberi galakkan  Memberi masa one-to-one bersama guru kpd murid tsebut & rehat  Menyediakan carta tingkah laku utk memantau perkembangan harian  Memberi pujian  Perbincangan bersama ibu bapa
  • 6. “My primary objective would be reviewing the IEP to see the needs of the student. I would then schedule a meeting with an administrator and the student’s parents to discuss the behavior and formulate a plan for the student’s success. I would offer daily one-on-one attention (lunch activity and/or discussion) and create a behavior chart to monitor the daily activities. I would also allow for breaks away from the setting to better assist the student with regaining her composure and settling down for the remainder of the class. The student would definitely need consistent support and praise throughout the duration of the course. It would also be key to involve and maintain consistent contact with the school Psychologist.”
  • 7.  Berjumpa dgn ibu bapa murid bersama dgn pentadbir utk perbincangan  One-to-one antara guru & murid  Menyediakan carta tingkah laku utk memantau perkembangan aktiviti harian murid  Galakkan berterusan dan peneguhan positif  Merujuk kepada guru b&k
  • 8.  Develop a plan  Be accessible  Set the guidelines for the classroom  Be prepared
  • 9.  Berbincang dgn ibu bapa, murid, pentadbir utk mcari jalan penyelesaian menangani masalah gangguan emosi murid
  • 10.  Murid yg mpy gangguan emosi biasanya suka minta perhatian guru  Masa one-to-one  Meningkatkan self-esteem murid
  • 11.  Menjelaskan peraturan bilik darjah kepada murid  Murid dikehendaki memahami dan mematuhi peraturan bilik darjah yg ditetapkan  Peneguhan positif diberi sekiranya murid dpt menunjukkan tingkah laku positif
  • 12.  Guru harus sentiasa bersedia dlm bilik darjah  “Always be prepared for the worst, but never expect the worst from his or her students.”