This workshop will discuss How Hong Kong is an ideal hub for trading in China as well as other parts of Asia. Advantages of the city include leveraging its beneficial tax regime, excellent logistics and sophisticated banking.
ICS TRUST Webinar: Hong Kong as an International Hub for Trading in China
1. ICS TRUST Webinar Series
Hong Kong as an International Hub
for Trading in China
June 20 2012
By: Barrett Bingley
2. Table of Contents
⢠Why Hong Kong?
⢠Hong Kong as a market
⢠Hong Kongâs China Access
⢠Trading structures utilizing Hong Kong
⢠Future Trends
⢠Resources
⢠Key Takeaways
⢠Contacts
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3. ABOUT ICS TRUST
About ICS TRUST
⢠Established since 1980, ICS TRUST is a award-winning, private Hong Kong-based
company that provides integrated business solutions for corporations doing business
in China using Hong Kong as the gateway.
ICS TRUSTâs Approved Business Service Provider
Corporate Services U.S.C.S.
United States Commercial Service
⢠Doing Business in Hong Kong ICS TRUST was the Executive Partner for Hong
Kong / Macau for APBO April 2011 (Los Angeles)
⢠Doing Business in China (DBC)
⢠Virtual CFO
DFAIT T.C.S.
⢠China Remedy Services Department of Foreign Affairs and
International Trade
Trade Commissioner Service
⢠Trade Services
Hong Kong as a Gateway to
Doing Business in Asia
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4. WHY HONG KONG?
Why Hong Kong?
Economy
Banking & Finance
Location
Legal System
Tax System
Business Environment
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5. WHY HONG KONG?
Economy
⢠Hong Kong is a free market, rule of law based economy
⢠Hong Kong ranked 5th in Global Cities Index 2012
⢠Worldâs largest IPO hub in 2010 and Asiaâs largest venture
capital centre
⢠Largest external investor in China, accounting for US$223
billion or 45% of total
Source: Survey condecuted by the American Journal Foreign Policy, in conjuction with A.T. Kearnery and the Chicago Council on Global
Affairs, Hong Kong Trade and Development Council
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6. WHY HONG KONG?
Economy
⢠Hong Kong Annual GDP Growth Rate
â Average GDP growth rate at 5.65% from 1974 to 2012
Source: The General Statistics Branch, The Census and Statistics Department of Hong Kong, Trading Economics
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7. WHY HONG KONG?
Economy
⢠The 4 Pillar Industries in Hong Kong
FINANCIAL SERVICES
REAL ESTATE
TOURISM
TRADING
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8. WHY HONG KONG?
Banking & Finance
⢠Hong Kongâs External Orientation:
â 3rd most important financial centre (after New
York and London)
â 10th largest for external transactions, 2nd
largest after Japan in Asia
â 6th largest Foreign Exchange Market in the
world (based on turnover)
⢠Infrastructure:
â Multi-Currencies Bank accounts:
⢠1st and largest offshore RMB platform-handles
86% of Chinaâs global RMB trade
â Strong, well-regulated banking system:
⢠Home to 70 of the worldâs 100 largest banks
⢠131 Licensed Banks, 36 Restricted License,
35 Deposit taking companies,
85 Representative Offices, 30 countries
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9. WHY HONG KONG?
Location
Source:InvestHK
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10. WHY HONG KONG?
Connectivity
⢠Worldâs busiest international Air Cargo Hub
⢠One of the worldâs busiest Container Port
(+22mTEUs)
⢠Connections to about 160 destinations
worldwide
⢠900 daily flights by over 95 airlines
⢠Handles about 32% of Chinaâs imports and
28% of exports
⢠Handles 80% of Pearl River Deltaâs trade
â Eg.) Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Dongguan,
Zhuhai
⢠Constant upgrading of infrastructure links
including road, rail and recently, barge
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11. WHY HONG KONG?
Legal System
⢠British Common Law
⢠English as medium of communication in courts
⢠Independent Judiciary - no home team
advantage
⢠Vibrant legal profession (solicitors / barristers)
⢠Many international law firms have offices in HK
⢠Accountable local administration
⢠Internationally recognized arbitration and
mediation centre
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12. WHY HONG KONG?
Tax System
⢠Low and stable taxes
⢠According to Forbes Tax Misery
Index 2009, Hong Kong has the
lowest tax misery in Asia
Pacific and 3rd lowest in the
world
Source: Forbes Magazine
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13. WHY HONG KONG?
Tax System
⢠1. Territorial Tax System
⢠Profits Tax = Onshore profits = 16.5 % Offshore profits = Zero %
⢠No capital gains tax
⢠Inbound dividends not taxed
⢠No withholding tax on outbound dividends
⢠No VAT or sales tax
⢠No estate duty
⢠AND Government consistently runs a surplus
⢠2. Preferential Tax Agreement with China
⢠Dividends from China to US â 10%
⢠Dividends from China to Hong Kong â 5%
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14. WHY HONG KONG?
Tax System
⢠Hong Kong has signed, operational tax treaties with:
Austria France Japan New Zealand
Belgium Hungary Liechtenstein Spain
Brunei Indonesia Luxembourg United Kingdom
Czech Republic Ireland Netherlands Vietnams
China
⢠Treaties with the following countries are awaiting notification:
Jersey Malaysia Portugal
Kuwait Malta Switzerland
⢠Discussions are ongoing with:
Bangladesh Guernsey Korea Saudi Arabia
Canada India Macau United Arab Emirates
Finland Italy Mexico
Source: Hong Kong International Law Division, Department of Justice, Treaties and International Agreements
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15. HONG KONG AS A MARKET
Hong Kong as a market
⢠Key characteristics:
â Openness, tourism, trade and investment
â Population: 7.11 million (mid-year 2011), Visitor: 41.92 million (2011)
â GDP per Capita: US $34,106 (2011), GDP Growth: 5% (2011)
⢠Excellent prospects for suppliers on:
â Aviation, Computer/Information Technology Equipment, cosmetics and
toiletries, education/training, environmental technologies, film, franchising,
medial equipment, safety and security equipment, travel and tourism
Source: US Commercial Services
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16. HONG KONG AS A MARKET
Hong Kong as a market
⢠Planning and execution of public infrastructure works valued at
over US$16 billion
â Eg.) Hong Kong International Airport Expansion,
West Kowloon Cultural District
â Over 11% of all Hong Kong Government procurement
contracts were awarded to US firms in 2011
⢠Hong Kong-based Private Procurement
â Home to a large number of procurement agents and purchasing offices
â Where many purchasing decisions for major projects and conglomerates are made
Source: US Commercial Services
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17. HONG KONGâS CHINA ACCESS
Accessing China through Hong Kong
Opportunity in the Greater Pearl River Delta Region
Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)
The Pacific Bridge Initiative (PBI)
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18. HONG KONGâS CHINA ACCESS
Accessing China through Hong Kong
⢠Immediate market - the Pearl River Delta:
â 48 Million people
â 27% of Chinaâs imports/exports
â 9.4% real GDP growth in 2009
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19. HONG KONGâS CHINA ACCESS
Accessing China through Hong Kong
⢠Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA)
Source: Invest Hong Kong
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20. HONG KONGâS CHINA ACCESS
Accessing China through Hong Kong
⢠US-Hong Kong Partnership: The Pacific
Bridge Initiative (PBI)
â Agreement between the USFCS and
HKTDC to collaborate on achieving
National Export Initiative (NEI) objectives
â Encourages U.S. companies to leverage
the Hong Kong platform to tap the China
and broader Asian markets
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21. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Trading Structures Utilizing Hong Kong
Setting up a Hong Kong Entity
Common issues when doing business in Hong Kong
Hong Kong as a trading hub
Tax and Profit Repatriation
Exit Strategy
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22. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Setting up a Hong Kong entity
⢠Types of Business Vehicles:
â Private Company Limited by Shares
â Private Company Limited by Guarantee
â Branch Operations
â Representative Office
â Sole Proprietorship/General Proprietorship/Limited Partnership
⢠Corporate structuring in Hong Kong
â Incorporation 7 working days
â No residency requirements for directors and shareholders
â No requirement for multitude of licenses
â Flexibility in terms of changing nature of business, shareholder mix,
capital structure etc
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23. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Setting up a Hong Kong entity:
Corporate Law
⢠Hong Kong â The Companies Ordinance (Cap 32)
â Limited Company with Memorandum + Articles (M&A)* for residents or non residents
â Shares â no minimum capital requirement (1 Shareholder)
â Directors (not Vice Presidents, President or Officers) (1 Director)
â Registered Office in Hong Kong
â Company Secretary
â Individuals or Corporations acting as a Director (nominees)
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24. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Hong Kong as a trading Hub-Import from China
1 cc Purchase Order
Your Company
1 Purchase Order 1 Purchase Order
Your Customer Your New Vendor/Factory
⢠Buys direct from Asia 3 Invoice Hong Kong Subsidiary 3 Invoice
â˘Coordinates In Asia
shipments through its
own Asian buying
office to optimize
savings re: freight and 2 Letter of Credit 2 Letter of Credit
insurance costs
Banks
â˘Gets lower prices
Benefits: 5 Payment $ 5 Payment $
⢠Can Sell FOB âAny Asian Portâ Freight Forwarders
⢠Goods are shipped directly to your customers: from vendor/factory to customer
4 Direct shipment of goods ⢠Coordinates shipment and
-eliminating your need for a warehouse shipping document status
-reducing the costs of storage and transit
⢠An Asian presence without the cost of renting a physical office
or having your own staff
⢠Profits booked âoffshoreâ can be structured to be taxed at 0%
or 16.5% tax in Hong Kong Copyright Š 2012 ICS TRUST (ASIA) LIMITED. All rights reserved 24
25. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Case Study-Importing from China
⢠CLIENT:
⢠A family trading business - on pet toys and accessories
⢠Sources from China
⢠Sells to specialty pet stores (USA / Canada)
⢠Expanding larger buyers
⢠PROBLEM:
⢠No knowledge of L/C terms and conditions
⢠Concerned about penalties re discrepancies in L/Cs
⢠Difficulties in liaising with factories and coordinating with freight
forwarders due to time difference and cultural issues
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26. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Case Study-Solution
⢠ICS TRUST establishes Hong Kong ⢠Advised on structure
a Hong Kong Structuring ⢠Incorporated the Hong Kong Company
subsidiary
⢠Our client is now able to â˘Selected HSBC as our clientâs bank in Hong Kong
focus on business â˘Set up bank accounts
development and Banking â˘KYC process
marketing in Asia â˘Acted as a signatory
⢠Our client gained â˘ICS TRUST is clientâs trading back office and acts
confidence working on for them day to day
large L/C orders with Trade â˘We receive orders from customers, place orders
big-box retailers due Solutions on vendors, book trading revenues in Hong Kong
to ICS TRUSTâs â˘We advise on all Letters of Credit (L/C)
expertise transactions
ICS TRUST acts as our clientâs Asian headquarters
ď§to coordinate with factories in China
ď§to handle trade documentation
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27. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Hong Kong as a trading Hub
Exporting to China as a Trading Company
1 cc Purchase Order
Your Company
1 Purchase Order 1 Purchase Order
Your Customer Your New
3 Invoice Vendor/Factory
In Asia 3 Invoice Hong Kong Subsidiary Canada, USA & Worldwide
2 Letter of Credit 2 Letter of Credit
Banks
5 Payment $ 5 Payment $
Freight
4 Direct shipment of goods from vendor/factory to customer
Forwarders
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28. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Hong Kong as a trading Hub
Exporting to China as a Manufacturer
Your Customer Your Company
In Asia
1 Purchase Order
Your Customer 1 Purchase 3 Invoice
In Asia Order
3 Invoice
Your Customer
In Asia Your New
Your Warehouse Freight
Hong Kong
In Asia Forwarders
Your Customer Subsidiary
In Asia 4 Shipment
4 Distribute goods to
various customers in Asia
Your Customer
In Asia
2 Letter of Credit 2 Transfer of L/C
Your Customer Banks
In Asia
5 Payment $ 5 Payment $
Your Customer Benefits:
In Asia 1. Invoicing Centre
2. Sales Office to Asian buyers
Your Customer
In Asia
3. Warehousing
4. Distribution Centre
5. Transportation Centre
- Your Hong Kong Company is an âAsset Lightâ
structure2012 ICS TRUST (ASIA) LIMITED.WFOEreserved 28
Copyright Š as compared to a All rights
29. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Case Study-Exporting to China
⢠CLIENT:
â International high-tech product developer focusing in
the architecture/construction industry
â Entering Asian Market â China, HK, Macau,
Singapore, Philippines, India, Malaysia, etc.
⢠PROBLEM:
â Need a sales and logistics coordination point in Asia
to distribute goods to various customers in Asia
â Want to keep overhead costs low
â No banking facilitates to handle payments in various
Asian currencies
â No experience in Asia; No Asian language skills
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30. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Case Study-Solution
Hong Kong Banking Order Taking Invoicing Warehousing Distribution
Structuring
⢠Advised on ⢠Set up ⢠Receives orders ⢠Issues invoice ⢠Set up ⢠Arrange logistics
structure multicurrency from various to customer warehouse service provide
accounts customers in Asia across Asia space to store to pick and pack
⢠Incorporated the inventory then the large
Hong Kong ⢠Act as signatory ⢠Review and ⢠Can bill clients en route to shipment into
Company prepare shipping in various buyers smaller ones to
documents currencies send to multiple
buyers in Asia
⢠Tracking of
payments
ICS TRUST acts as our clientâs Asian headquarters representing them in
handling: sales, warehousing, distribution, and logistics arrangement
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31. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Considerations for using Hong Kong
⢠Intellectual Property (IP) Protection
â -territorial
⢠Types of IP that are register able:
â Trademark
â Domain Names
â Patents
â Copyrights
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32. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Considerations for using Hong Kong
⢠Human Resources Issues
â Recruitment
â Employment Visas
â Mandatory Provident Fund (MPF)
⢠Hong Kong Vs. Singapore
â Staff turnover
⢠Hong Kong and Singapore are
close to 10% while China at 20%
Source: HRM Asia
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33. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Hong Kong Vs. China Tax System
HONG KONG CHINA
VAT 0 3% -17%
Hong Kong offers an
Consumption Tax 0 3% - 45%
On Shore / Off Shore
Capital Gains Tax 0 10% - 20%
territorial tax system
Withholding Tax 0 5% - 20%
(depending on jurisdiction)
Estate Duty (Tax) 0 0
Profit (Enterprise Income) Tax 0 â 16.5% 25%
Repatriating dividends from Business Tax 0 5% - 20%
China to an actively trading
Income (Individual Income) Tax 2 - 17% 5% - 45 %
Hong Kong company incurs
Stamp Duty Up to 4.25% 0.0005 - 0.01% (of
ONLY a 5% dividend contract amount)
withholding tax Education Surcharge (of 0 3%
Business Tax or VAT)
Urban Construction (of Business 0 1% - 7%
Tax or VAT)
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34. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Profit Flow
Parent Company / Hong Kong / China
Parent Company
$ No dividend withholding tax
Hong Kong Company
No HK tax on
dividends
received
Dividends subject to W/H
tax of 5% for HK.
10% + for other jurisdictions
$
$
Chinese VAT on
Profits Tax at 25% Chinese WFOE domestic sales
10% R/E Goods Customers
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35. TRADING THROUGH HONG KONG
Exit Strategy
⢠Sales of China/Hong Kong Assets
â No capital gain tax
â Ease of completing a sale as
compared to China
â Maybe able to avoid capital gain tax in
China
⢠Best jurisdiction to go public with
your Asian assets
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36. FUTURE TRENDS
Future Trends
⢠Internationalization of Renminbi
⢠China Entity - The death of Representative Office (RO)
⢠Loosen Regulations on setting up a WFOE
⢠More Hong Kong Double Taxation Avoidance (DTAs) Treaties
Copyright Š 2012 ICS TRUST (ASIA) LIMITED. All rights reserved 36
37. KEY TAKEWAYS
Key Takeaways
⢠Hong Kong has a strong and resilient economy with key âhubâ
characteristics such as openness, high connectivity and rule of
law.
⢠Its levels of international trade and investment, tourism and
concentrated sophisticated clients make it an appealing market
in itself
⢠Hong Kongâs geography and special status make it an ideal
platform for trading in Asia, especially for Mainland China
⢠Utilizing a Hong Kong entity is an important part of your trading
structure to leverage its benefits on tax, logistics, banking and
legal advantages
Copyright Š 2012 ICS TRUST (ASIA) LIMITED. All rights reserved
38. RESOURCES
Resources
Hong Kong as a gateway
to doing business in
China and internationally
Copyright Š 2012 ICS TRUST (ASIA) LIMITED. All rights reserved 38
40. CONTACT
Contact
Barrett Bingley THANK YOU
Business Development Manager
bbingley@icstrust.com
+852 3413 3838
6th Floor St. Johnâs Building,
33 Garden Rd.
Central, Hong Kong
Copyright Š 2012 ICS TRUST (ASIA) LIMITED. All rights reserved 40
Hinweis der Redaktion
Why Hong Kong: Economy, Banking & Finance, Location, Legal System, Tax System, Business EnvironmentHong Kong as a market: Opportunity in the Greater Pearl River Delta Region, Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), The Pacific Bridge Initiative (PBI)Trading through Hong Kong: Setting up a Hong Kong Entity, Common issues when doing business in Hong Kong, Hong Kong as a trading hub, Profit Repatriation
Global Cities index: A Ranking of global cities, published by the American journal Foreign Policy, in conjunction with consulting firm A.T. Kearney and the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, based on consultation with Saskia Sassen, Witold Rybczynski, and others. Foreign Policy noted that "the worldâs biggest, most interconnected cities help set global agendas, weather transnational dangers, and serve as the hubs of global integration. They are the engines of growth for their countries and the gateways to the resources of their regions.
The annual growth rate in Gross Domestic Product measures the increase in value of the goods and services produced by an economy over the period of a year. Therefore, unlike the commonly used quarterly GDP growth rate the annual GDP growth rate takes into account a full year of economic activity, thus avoiding the need to make any type of seasonal adjustment. This page includes a chart with historical data for Hong Kong GDP Annual Growth Rate.
Complete absence of foreign exchange controls
Located within 4 hours of most of Asiaâs key markets50% of the worldâs population within a 5-hour flight
Hong Kong well equipped, in a lot of âsoftâ infrastructure ways China isnât yet. This is why most multinationals still use Hong Kong as their regional base.
Key Characteristics:World-class infrastructure; free flow of information; no restrictions on inward or outward investment; no foreign exchange controls; no nationality restrictions on corporate or sectoral ownership; simple, low-tax regime; and world financial hub.Leading export sectors for U.S. firms include electronic components, medical equipment and pharmaceuticals, environmental technologies and services, aviation and airport equipment, transportation infrastructure, environmental technologies, safety and security equipment, financial services, education and training services, travel and tourism services, retail, and consumer goods such as packaged food, wine, cosmetics, and toiletries.
Public infrastructure include Hong Kong International Airport Expansion Plan, Kai Tak Airport Redevelopment, Tourism Infrastructure and City Improvement, West Kowloon Cultural District, Hong Kong University Campus Expansion, Ocean Park amusement park enhancement, Harbor Area Treatment Scheme, the Hong Kong-Macau-Zhuhai Bridge, multiple subway and light rail lines, and the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link. Notably, over 11 percent of all Hong Kong Government procurement contracts were awarded to U.S. firms in 2011.SelectUSA: Established in 2011 by Executive Order of the President, SelectUSA is a government-wide initiative to promote foreign direct investment (FDI) in the United States to create jobs, spur economic growth, and promote American competitiveness. SelectUSA works in partnership with state, regional, and local economic development organizations to promote FDI into the U.S. and works on behalf of the entire nation, exercising strict geographic neutrality. SelectUSA has chosen 10 pilot markets, including Hong Kong, to initiate the program in 2012, because of the territoryâs special role as a commercial and financial hub through which over 60% of Chinaâs overseas investment flows.
National Export Initiative (NEI): The First U.S.-Government-wide export promotion strategy that was announced in January 2010 State-of-the-Union address.Objectives of NEI: 1.) Double US exports over the next 5 years 2.) support 2 million jobs in AmericaThe PBI was the first-ever collaboration with a foreign statutory trade body to support NEI objectives and has brought additional resources to U.S. exporters interested in selling to, or through, Hong Kong to reach the China or Asian regional markets.Â
Benefits: Can Sell FOB âAny Asian Portâ Goods are shipped directly to your customers: -eliminating your need for a warehouse -reducing the costs of storage and transit An Asian presence without the cost of renting a physical office or having your own staff Profits booked âoffshoreâ can be structured to be taxed at 0% or 16.5% tax in Hong Kong
This slide shows the flow of dividends back to the parent company. Although recent tax changes such as Circular 698 will make it more difficult to claim this 5% advantage, as Chinese tax law will now require more substance in the Hong Kong company. This substance, while still being defined, will include having an office, at least a virtual office, and doing banking transactions through Hong Kong.