Sahelian zones of West Africa, sorghum is cultivated in areas characterized by harsh environmental conditions – high temperature, low rainfall and low soil fertility. The major goal of sorghum breeding programs is to develop new varieties that maintain, and ultimately increase, crop yields under these abiotic stressors. Despite many efforts and relative progress in sorghum selection, new traits related to drought tolerance are required to accelerate development of more resilient varieties to drought stress. Phenotyping sorghum landraces could lead to identify relevant traits for successful breeding program.