1. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET),
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND
ISSN 0976 – 6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Special Issue (November, 2013), © IAEME
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJECET)
ISSN 0976 – 6464(Print)
ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online)
Special Issue (November, 2013), pp. 54-59
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IJECET
©IAEME
Wideband MSA for Dual Band Operation using Slot Loaded Finite
Ground
Alok Agarwal1, P K Singhal2
1Shri
Jagdish Prasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Vidyanagari, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India
of Electronics, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior, MP, India
2Department
1alokagarwal26@yahoo.com, 2pks_65@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT: Modified square compact microstrip patch antenna having slot loaded finite
ground plane is proposed in this paper for dual band operation. Dual band modified square
microstrip patch antenna with wideband is achieved by corner cut and inserting slits inside the
edges of the radiating patch having slot loaded finite ground plane. It is observed that two
operating frequencies at 3.21 and 4.03 GHz can be obtained. The obtained impedance
bandwidths for 10 dB return loss for these operating frequencies are 15.58 % (500 MHz) and
27.8 % (1120 MHz) respectively. Compactness and dual band operation with wide bandwidth
of this antenna is widely applicable for the wireless communication systems.
KEYWORDS: Dual Band, Finite Ground, Impedance Loci, Return Loss, Wideband
I.
INTRODUCTION
Conventional microstrip antennas in general have a conducting patch printed on a grounded
microwave substrate and have the attractive features of low profile, planner configuration, low
costs, lightweight, easy fabrication and capability to integrate with microwave integrated
circuits. However, microstrip antennas inherently have a narrow bandwidth, and bandwidth
enhancement is usually demanded for practical applications. Size reduction and bandwidth
enhancement are becoming major design considerations for practical applications of
microstrip antennas. For this reason, studies to achieve compact and broadband operations of
microstrip antennas have greatly increased [1-10]. Microstrip patch antennas are widely
implemented in many commercial applications of wireless communication. As the demand for
increased electronic mobility grows the need for small handsets are most likely increased.
Microstrip patch antennas are manufactured using printed circuit technology, so that mass
production can be achieved at a low cost.
In multichannel applications, a small instantaneous bandwidth is required over a large
frequency range. Accordingly, tunable antennas provide an alternative to a broadband antenna
in which an antenna with a small bandwidth is tuned over a large frequency range. In some
applications, the system must work within two frequency bands that are far apart. Here dual
International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS-2013)
B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India
October 18-20, 2013
Page 54

2. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET),
ISSN 0976 – 6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Special Issue (November, 2013), © IAEME
band antenna with wideband is used. If the antenna operates at two spot frequencies, then it is
known as a dual band antenna. The electromagnetic simulation of the proposed antenna has
been carried out using IE3D software of Zeland Software. Return loss, Smith chart, directivity
etc. are being evaluated using IE3D software.
II.
ANTENNA DESIGN AND RESULTS
In this patch antenna design, dual band modified square microstrip patch antenna with
wideband is achieved by corner cut and inserting slits inside the edges of the radiating patch
having slot loaded finite ground plane. The 50-ohm coaxial cable with SMA connector is used
for feeding the microstrip patch antenna. Fig. 1 shows the front view of modified square
microstrip patch antenna with slot loaded finite ground plane. It is observed that two operating
frequencies at 3.21 and 4.03 GHz can be obtained, within the frequency range 2.5 GHz to 5 GHz
with step frequency = 0.01 GHz, In this modified square patch antenna design, length of patch L
= 30 mm, width of patch W = 30 mm with slot loaded and corner cut finite ground plane of the
dimension L = 45 mm and W = 45 mm and square slot of dimensions 10 mm × 10 mm at the
centre position, feed point locations at the patch is (11.825, -12.375). Fig. 2 shows the back
view of modified square microstrip patch antenna with slot loaded and corner cut finite ground
plane. Fig. 3 shows the variation of return loss with frequency for antenna design; the
impedance bandwidth is taken from the 10-dB return loss. Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show the radiation
pattern for antenna design at lower (3.21 GHz) and higher resonance frequency (4.03 GHz)
respectively. Fig. 6 shows the variation of efficiency with frequency for antenna design. Fig. 7
shows the Impedance loci (Smith chart) for antenna design. At lower and higher operating
frequencies, the simulated input impedance of antenna is in good agreement with the 50 ohms
impedance. Here due to modified square microstrip patch antenna with corner cut and
inserting slits inside the edges of the radiating patch having slot loaded finite ground plane, the
obtained impedance bandwidth for 10 dB return loss for these operating frequencies are 15.58
% (500 MHz) and 27.8 % (1120 MHz) respectively. The other radiation characteristics of the
proposed antenna design for these operating frequencies are also coming out to be
satisfactory.
Fig. 1: Front view of modified square microstrip patch antenna with slot loaded finite ground
International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS-2013)
B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India
October 18-20, 2013
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3. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET),
ISSN 0976 – 6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Special Issue (November, 2013), © IAEME
Fig. 2: Back view of modified square microstrip patch antenna with slot loaded finite ground
Fig. 3: Variation of return loss with frequency for proposed antenna design
International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS-2013)
B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India
October 18-20, 2013
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4. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET),
ISSN 0976 – 6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Special Issue (November, 2013), © IAEME
Fig. 4: Radiation Pattern for antenna design at lower resonance frequency f1 = 3.21 GHz
Fig. 5: Radiation Pattern for antenna design at higher resonance frequency f2 = 4.03 GHz
International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS-2013)
B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India
October 18-20, 2013
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5. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET),
ISSN 0976 – 6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Special Issue (November, 2013), © IAEME
Fig. 6 Variation of Efficiency with frequency for proposed antenna design
Fig. 7: Impedance loci for proposed antenna design
III.
CONCLUSION
The simulation result of the proposed antenna has been carried out by using IE3D software.
For dual band modified square microstrip patch antenna with corner cut and inserting slits
inside the edges of the radiating patch having slot loaded finite ground plane, two operating
frequencies at 3.21 and 4.03 GHz are obtained. The obtained impedance bandwidth for 10 dB
return loss for these operating frequencies are 15.58 % (500 MHz) and 27.8 % (1120 MHz)
respectively, which is very good agreement for the practical applicability of wireless
communication systems.
International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS-2013)
B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India
October 18-20, 2013
Page 58

6. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET),
ISSN 0976 – 6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Special Issue (November, 2013), © IAEME
REFERENCES
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[3] Wong, K. L., “Compact and Broadband Microstrip Antenna”, John Wiley & Sones, New York,
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[4] Kumar, G. and K. P. Ray, “Broadband Microstrip Antennas”, Artech House, USA, 2003.
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BIOGRAPHY
Alok Agarwal received his B.Tech degree in Electronics from Bhilai
Institute of Technology, Durg, Raipur University, India, in 1996, M.Tech
degree in Digital Communication from U.P. Technical University,
Lucknow, India, in 2009. Presently he is working as an Associate
Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering, Lingaya’s University, Faridabad, India. He is having total
experience of more than 15 years in teaching Electronics and
Communication Engineering. His research interest includes digital
communication, microwave communication etc. Presently, he is pursuing
PhD from JJT University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India. He is engaged in
increasing the bandwidth of a microstrip patch antenna using different design considerations,
which is very much demanding in mobile and wireless communications.
International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS-2013)
B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India
October 18-20, 2013
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