2. • Matter is a substance that has inertia and
occupies physical space. According to modern
physics, matter consists of various types of
particles, each with mass and size.

3. • The most familiar examples of material
particles are the electron, the proton and
the neutron. Combinations of these particles
form atoms. There are more than 100
different kinds of atoms, each kind
constituting a unique chemical element. A
combination of atoms forms a molecule.
Atoms and molecules can join together to
form a compound.

4. • Matter can exist in several states, also called
phases. The three most common states are
known as solid, liquid and gas. A single element
or compound of matter might exist in more
than one of the three states, depending on the
temperature and pressure. Less familiar states
of matter include plasma, foam and Bose-
Einstein condensate. These states occur under
special conditions.

5. • Different kinds of matter can combine to form
substances that may not resemble any of the
original ingredients. For example, hydrogen (a
gaseous element) and oxygen (another gaseous
element) combine to form water (a liquid
compound at room temperature). The process of
such combination is called a chemical reaction. A
chemical reaction involves interactions between the
electrons of the atoms, but does not affect the
nuclei of the atoms.

6. • In some situations, matter is converted
into energy by atomic reactions, also known as
nuclear reactions. This type of reaction is
fundamentally different from the chemical reaction
because it involves changes in the nuclei of atoms.
The most common example of an atomic reaction is
the hydrogen fusion that occurs inside the sun. The
immense pressure inside the sun, and inside other
stars, forces atoms of hydrogen together to form
atoms of helium. In this process, some of the mass
is converted to energy according to the formula
E = mc 2

7. • Where E is the energy in joules, m is
the mass in kilograms, and c is the speed of light, which
is approximately 2.99792 x 10 8 meters per second in
a vacuum.
• In recent years, scientists have confirmed the existence
of a substance called antimatter. The electron has an
antiparticle twin called a positron, with equal mass but
opposite electric charge. Similarly, the proton has an
antimatter twin called an antiproton, and the neutron
has an antimatter twin called an antineutron. If a
particle of matter encounters its antiparticle, both are
converted entirely to energy according to the above
formula, where m is the combined mass of the particle
and the antiparticle. Small amounts of antimatter have
been isolated in laboratory conditions, but no one has
yet succeeded in creating a controlled a
matter/antimatter reaction, or even an uncontrolled
reaction of significant size.

8. • Inertia - Inertia is a property of matter that
causes it to resist changes in velocity (speed and
direction).
• Quantum - Quantum is the Latin word for
amount and, in modern understanding, means
the smallest possible discrete unit of any physical
property, such as energy or matter.
• Antimatter - Antimatter is any substance
that, when combined with an equal amount of
matter, results in the complete and direct
conversion of all substance to energy.

12. • A classification that refers to a group of
companies that are related in terms of their
primary business activities. In modern
economies, there are dozens of different
industry classifications, which are typically
grouped into larger categories called sectors.

14. • A small scale industry is a business or project is
created on either a small budget or for a small
group of people. For instance if someone starts a
laundry service just around their
neighbourhood, that is small, not too expensive
to start or manage but not too cheap either.
Another example is a small pizzeria or a kiosk or
say a moving around with an ice-cream
van, these are types of small scale industries.
•

16. • Matter is very important for every Industry
and the matter used in small scale industry is
very essential for them as matter is their daily
use in everything..

17. Machinery
Tools
Storage
Transportation
Packaging

18. Machinery
Tools

19. Storage
Transportation

20. Packaging