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„ Agile Software Engineering and Design
Thinking: Efficiency and Innovation in
Lean Software Product Development“
Prof. Dr. Armin Heinzl &
Dr. Tobias Hildenbrand
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Agenda
 Introduction and Overview
 Lean and Agile Development
 Agile Software Engineering Techniques
 Design Thinking and Innovation
 Summary and Conclusion
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Overview: Two Main Questions…
(2) Where do innovative ideas
and requirements come from?
(1) How to build and deliver
the software efficiently?
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Why lean and agile development at SAP?
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Development Process prior to Lean
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Lean Product Development Flow
How to efficiently deliver
innovative enterprise
software to customers?
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Underlying Principles
Source: Donald G. Reinertsen (2009) – Lean Product Development Flow
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Why do Scrum teams adopt
agile engineering techniques?
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Agile Software Engineering
Pair programming, test-driven development, continuous
Specific agile techniques [6]
ASE integration, refactoring
Agile method Teams with Scrum master, product owner, developers
as process framework [7] and an associated manager for people development
Scrum
Eliminate waste, build quality in, learn constantly,
Lean principles [8]
deliver fast, engage everyone, keep getting better
Lean Principles
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Adoption of ASE Techniques
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Adoption Patterns for ASE
• Minor variations for refactoring (REF) and
continuous integration (CI)
• Relatively low adoption rate for refactoring
• Significant variations for pair programming and
test driven development
• Note: empirical inquiry represtens a snapshot-
view
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Where do the requirements come from and
how does innovation happen?
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An Analytic Approach Doesn‘t Work
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Diverging and Converging in Iterations
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Design Thinking
A team-based, iterative approach to innovation
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Three “Space of Innovation”
1. Human Desirability 2. Technical Feasibility
Implementation
3. Economic Viability Based on: Tim Brown (2009): Change by Design
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Innovation = Design & Development
2. Ideation
1. Inspiration 3. Implementation
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How does innovation happen in practice?
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Intertwining Lean and Design Thinking
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Building People-Centric Software
with Lean and Design Thinking
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What are the three things to remember?
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Summary and Conclusion
(1) Design Thinking helps teams to find problems
worth solving and create innovative solutions
(2) Agile Software Engineering techniques help
teams to build these solutions efficiently
(3) Both approaches can complement the large-
scale implementation of Lean significantly…
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BACKUP MATERIAL
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Study with 4 Development Teams
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Evaluation of ASE Techniques
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Agile Software Engineering (ASE)
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