This document discusses organizational change and development. It defines change as the continuous adoption of corporate strategies and structures to changing external conditions. It also describes several theories of planned organizational change, such as Lewin's three-stage change model of unfreezing, movement, and refreezing. Resistance to change is discussed, including sources of resistance at the individual and organizational level. Strategies for managing change and minimizing resistance are also outlined.

1. DCE 5632 Organizational Change & Development Title: Change As An Organization Process Instructor: Dr Khairuddin B. Idris Group Member: Zulhilmi Sham B. Mohd Noor GS27893 Nurul Aishah Bt. Musa GS28101 Shaaheda Bt. Mat Ariff GS27780

11. Sources of Resistance to Change Individual Resistance * Perception * Personality * Habit * Threats to power and influence * Fear of the unknown * Economic reasons Organizational Resistance * Organization design * Organizational culture * Resource limitations * Fixed investments * Interorganizational agreements Resistance to Change

12. Employee Readiness for Change Source: Adapted from Zeira, Y., and Avedisian, J. Organizational planned change: Assessing the chances for success. Organizational Dynamics , Spring 1989, 37. Perceived Personal Risk from Change Level of Dissatisfaction with the Current Situation Low Low High High High readiness for change Moderate to indeterminant readiness for change Low readiness for change Moderate to indeterminant readiness for change

14. Minimizing Resistance to Change Minimizing Resistance to Change Communication Training Employee Involvement Stress Management Negotiation Coercion Source: Adapted with permission from Cummings, J.G., and Worley, C.G. Organization Development and Change , 6th ed. Cincinnati: South-Western, 1997, 154.

15. Change Management Activities

22. The Organization Development Process

26. What is Organization Process??? The systematic way a company defines, organizes and implements its operations through the stages of the product life cycle

27. Organizational Process Framework

29. Step Of Organization Process

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