This PPT explains the introduction about Analog to Digital Converter

1. Analog to Digital Converter
Dr.R.Hepzi Pramila Devamani,
Assistant Professor of Physics,
V.V.Vanniaperumal College for Women,
Virudhunagar.

2. Analog Signal
• A signal for conveying information which is a continuous
function of time is known as analog signal.
• An analog signal is typically represented by a sine wave
function.
• An analog signal is a voltage, current, or physical
quantity that continuously and infinitely varies in
accordance with some time-varying parameter.
• For example, radio waves, television waves, or sound
waves are all examples of analog signals.

3. Analog Signal

4. Digital Signal
• A signal which is a discrete function of time, i.e. non-
continuous signal, is known as digital signal.
• A digital signal is typically represented by a square
wave function.
• A digital signal encodes data as a sequence of discrete
values.
• A digital signal can only have one value from a finite
set of possible values at any given time.

5. Digital Signal

6. Analog Signals: Advantages
• Analog signals are easier to process.
• Analog signals best suited for audio and video transmission.
• Analog signals are much higher density, and can present more
refined information.
• Analog signals use less bandwidth than digital signals.
• Analog signals provide a more accurate representation of
changes in physical phenomena, such as sound, light,
temperature, position, or pressure.
• Analog communication systems are less sensitive in terms of
electrical tolerance.

7. Analog Signals: Disadvantages
• Data transmission at long distances may result in
undesirable signal disturbances.
• Analog signals are prone to generation loss.
• · Analog signals are subject to noise and distortion,
as opposed to digital signals which have much higher
immunity.
• · Analog signals are generally lower quality signals
than digital signals.

8. Digital Signals: Advantages
• Digital signals can convey information with less noise, distortion,
and interference.
• Digital circuits can be reproduced easily in mass quantities at
comparatively low costs.
• Digital signal processing is more flexible because DSP operations
can be altered using digitally programmable systems.
• Digital signal processing is more secure because digital information
can be easily encrypted and compressed.
• Digital systems are more accurate, and the probability of error
occurrence can be reduced by employing error detection and
correction codes.
• Digital signals can be easily stored on any magnetic media or optical
media using semiconductor chips.
• Digital signals can be transmitted over long distances.

9. Digital Signals: Disadvantages
• A higher bandwidth is required for digital communication
when compared to analog transmission of the same
information.
• DSP processes the signal at high speeds, and comprises
more top internal hardware resources. This results in
higher power dissipation compared to analog signal
processing, which includes passive components that
consume less energy.
• Digital systems and processing are typically more
complex.

10. Analog Signals: Applications
Analog Signals
• Audio recording and reproduction
• Temperature sensors
• Image sensors
• Radio signals
• Telephones
• Control systems

11. Digital Signals: Applications
Digital Signals
• Communication systems (broadband, cellular)
• Networking and data communications
• Digital interfaces for programmability

12. Analog to Digital Converter
• The digital to analog conversion and analog to digital
conversion techniques are important tools in the digital data
processing systems.
• The digital to analog conversion. technique involves
conversion of digital information into an equivalent analog
Information.
• Digital to analog converter acts as a decoding device since it
operates on the output of a digital system.
• Using analog to digital conversion techniques, the analog
information is converted into its equivalent binary number
which is in the digital form.
• In general, the analog to digital converter acts as an encoder.

13. Analog to Digital Converter

14. Application of ADC
• Used together with the transducer.
• Used in computer to convert the analog signal to
digital signal.
• Used in cell phones.
• Used in microcontrollers.
• Used in digital signal processing.
• Used in digital storage oscilloscopes.
• Used in scientific instruments.
• Used in music reproduction technology etc.

15. THANK YOU