1. NOAA’s Joint Polar Satellite System and the NPP Satellite: Delivering the Next Generation of Environmental Earth Observations Mitch Goldberg, JPSS Program Scientist (JPSS NOAA) James Gleason, JPSS Project Scientist (JPSS NASA) Robert Murphy, Carl Hoffman (JPSS DPA) John Furgerson, JPSS User Liaison (JPSS NOAA)

4. NOAA – JPSS provides improved continuity for POES

5. HIRS > CrIS (T & WV Atmos. Profiles)

6. AMSU/MHS > ATMS

7. AVHRR > VIIRS (Imagery, Cloud Mask, SST)

8. SBUV2 > OMPS (Total Ozone)

9. NASA – JPSS provides continuity for EOS

10. AIRS > CrIS

11. AMSU > ATMS

12. MODIS > VIIRS

13. OMI > OMPS

14. AMSR-E > AMSR2 (JAXA-GCOM-W)JPSS-1 Satellite (NPP-clone)

15. Continuity of Polar Operational Satellites

18. DoD plans for DWSS being developedDoD will launch remaining inventory of DMSP in the interim

20. Integrated Support Facility

21. Calibration/ValidationEELV Weather Centrals NAVO FNMOC AFWA NESDIS AlternateMMC Svalbard Primary T&C VAFB FNMOC Interface Data Processing Segment AFWA NESDIS NAVO DQM White SandsComplex HRD LRD MissionManagementCenter (MMC) Processing Processing Processing Processing Processing Field Terminal Segment 15 Globally Distributed Receptor sitesInterconnected by Commercial Fiber Ingest Ingest Ingest Ingest Mission Data Command, Control & Communication Segment

22. Direct Readout Stations using Xband

23. NPP Spacecraft(JPSS-1 Concept ) VIIRS CrIS ATMS OMPS CERES

24. NPP/JPSS-1 SENSORS Visible/Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Raytheon Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) ITT Corporation Cloud and Earth Radiant Energy System (CERES) (FM5 for NPP) Northrop Grumman Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) Northrop Grumman Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) Ball Aerospace

25. JPSS L1RD Defined Environmental Data Records (EDRS) MIS (17 - TBR) VIIRS (22) CLOUD LIQUID WATER PRECIPITATION TYPE/RATE PRECIPITABLE WATER SEA SURFACE WINDS (1) CLOUD ICE WATER PATH SEA SURFACE WIND STRESS TOTAL WATER CONTENT SOIL MOISTURE IMAGERY SEA ICE CHARACTERIZATION SNOW COVER/DEPTH SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE LAND SURFACE TEMP SURFACE TYPE ALBEDO (SURFACE) CLOUD BASE HEIGHT CLOUD COVER/LAYERS CLOUD EFFECTIVE PART SIZE CLOUD OPTICAL THICKNESS CLOUD TOP HEIGHT CLOUD TOP PRESSURE CLOUD TOP TEMPERATURE ICE SURFACE TEMPERATURE NET HEAT FLUX OCEAN COLOR/CHLOROPHYLL SUSPENDED MATTER VEGETATION INDEX AEROSOL OPTICAL THICKNESS AEROSOL PARTICLE SIZE ACTIVE FIRES IMAGERY SEA ICE CHARACTERIZATION SNOW COVER SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE LAND SURFACE TEMP SURFACE TYPE ATM VERT MOIST PROFILE ATM VERT TEMP PROFILE PRESSURE (SURFACE/PROFILE) CrIS/ATMS (3) ATM VERT MOIST PROFILE ATM VERT TEMP PROFILE PRESSURE (SURFACE/PROFILE) GCOM AMSR-2 (11) OMPS (2) CLOUD LIQUID WATER PRECIPITATION TYPE/RATE PRECIPITABLE WATER SEA SURFACE WINDS SPEED SOIL MOISTURE SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT IMAGERY SEA ICE CHARACTERIZATION SNOW COVER/DEPTH SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE SURFACE TYPE SEM-N (5) O3 TOTAL COLUMN O3 NADIR PROFILE CERES (4) VIIRS (22) AURORAL BOUNDARY AURORAL ENERGY DEPOSITION ENERGETIC IONS MED ENERGY CHARGED PARTICLES SUPRA-THERMAL THRU AE PARTICLES DOWN LW RADIATION (SFC) DOWN SW RADIATION (SFC) NET SOLAR RADIATION (TOA) OUTGOING LW RADIATION (TOA) TSIS (1) SARR & SARP SOLAR IRRADIANCE A-DCS EDRs with Key Performance Parameters KEY Notes: (1) Delivered as two MIS products – Speed (Key EDR) and Direction JPSS-1 GCOM DWSS JPSS Program (Host TBD) PSE v1 2/28/11

27. Supplier: ITT Industries

28. Key subcontractors:ABB Bomem, Interferometer, ICT DRS, detectors AER, EDR algorithm

29. NEdN During NPP Spacecraft Self Compatibility Test The reaction wheels were being exercised during this period 12

30. Advanced Technology Microwave SounderNorthrop Grumman Electronic Systems Description Purpose: In conjunction with CrIS, global observations of temperature and moisture profiles at high temporal resolution (~ daily). Predecessor Instruments: AMSU A1 / A2, MHS Approach: Scanning passive microwave radiometer 22 channels (23GHz - 183GHz) Swath width: 2300 km Co-registration: with CrIS

31. Microwave and Infrared Earth Spectra The NPOESS Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) as a Companion to the New Generation AIRS/AMSU and IASI/AMSU Sounder Suites Gail A. Bingham, Utah State Univ./SDL, Logan, UT; and N. S. Pougatchev, M. P. Esplin, W. J. Blackwell, and C. D. Barnet http://ams.confex.com/ams/90annual/techprogram/paper_163196.htm

33. FOR is currently defined by the size of the microwave sounder footprint

34. IASI/AMSU has 4 IR FOV’s per FOR

35. AIRS/AMSU & CrIS/ATMS have 9 IR FOV’s per FOR

36. ATMS is spatially over-sampled can emulate an AMSU FOVLe Marshallet al., 2006 AIRS, IASI, and CrIS all acquire 324,000 FOR’s per day!

37. Improved Soundings AIRS provides significant improvements in temperature and moisture soundings over older generation instruments. Vertical resolution has improved from 3 – 6 km to 1 – 2 km. NOAA/NESDIS

38. CriS and ATMS provide continuity of essential atmospheric sounding information for weather forecasting Hyperspectral Infrared Sounders (CrIS) and Advanced Microwave Sounders (ATMS) are the top two contributors for reducing forecast errors Forecast error reduction contribution (%)

39. Afternoon orbit has large impact on forecasting major weather events Forecast Period: 5 Feb (am) – 6 Feb (am) 6 Feb: Models without PM data under-forecasted snow totals: Operational forecast shows paralyzing event Data Denial Did not forecast paralyzing event in DC— at least 10” too low at Day 5 Low confidence in extreme snowfall at this point Future errors of this scale could result in: Aircraft and airline passengers stranded Ground commerce halted with no mitigation plans Population unprepared for paralyzing snow-depth 15-22” Actual 15-18” Forecast Observed 27 Km Operational NWP Wash DC 5-day Forecast: - With Data: Historical, paralyzing event - Data Denial: Significant; but not paralyzing Data Denial NWP 7-10” Forecast

41. Predecessor Instruments: AVHRR, OLS, MODIS, SeaWiFS

42. Approach: Multi-spectral scanning radiometer (22 bands between 0.4 µm and 12 µm) 12-bit quantization

44. 5 bands at 325m

45. DNBVIIRS on NPP

47. Land Surface Albedo

48. Land Surface Temperature Ice Surface Temperature

49. Sea Ice Characterization

50. Snow Cover/Depth

51. Vegetation Index

54. Cloud Mask [IP]

55. Cloud Optical Thickness

56. Cloud Effective Particle Size Parameter

57. Cloud Top Parameters

58. Cloud Base Height

60. Aerosol Particle Size Parameter

62. VIIRS Prelaunch Performance(NPP F1 Bands and SNR/NEDT) Courtesy of H. Oudrari

63. In addition to clouds and SST, VIIRS provides continuity of essential environmental monitoring from AVHRR and MODIS Biosphere monitoring: Vegetation and Ocean Color Fire monitoring and mapping Aerosols for air quality and aviation safety Oil slick monitoring and mapping Volcanic Ash

64. DNB for night time clouds using lunar illumination

65. NOAA’s Vegetation Health System Central USAHealthy vegetationImpact: Good crops KazakhstanVegetation stressImpact: Bad crops Western USA Vegetation stressImpact: Fire ArgentinaVegetation StressImpact: Drought Southern AfricaHealthy VegetationImpact: Malaria 30 Years of AVHRR Healthy Vegetation Impact: Malaria Felix Kogan, NESDIS

66. Coral Bleaching 50km Nighttime Sea Surface Temperature (SST) SST Anomaly Coral – specific HotSpot Degree Heating Week Bleaching Alert Areas http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov 26

68. Predecessor Instruments: TOMS, SBUV, GOME, OSIRIS, SCIAMACHY

69. Approach: Nadir and limb push broom CCD spectrometers

72. Shortwave (0.3 to 5.0m)

74. Earth Radiation Budget CERES Shortwave TSIS CERES Longwave From IPCC AR4 FAQ

75. JPSS Continues Data Time Series Year Measurement System Conventional OperationsEOS Technology JumpResearch Quality Operations

76. MSU Tropospheric Temperature Trends Zou et al., JGR-Atm, 111 (D19): D19114 OCT 14 2006 ATMS is better calibrated and satellite does not drift

77. Overview of AMSR2 instrument on GCOM Deployable main reflector system with 2.0m diameter. Frequency channel set is identical to that of AMSR-E except 7.3GHz channel for RFI mitigation. 2-point external calibration with the improved HTS (hot-load). Stowed Deployed 33

78. Overview of AMSR2EDRs Cloud liquid water Water vapor Snow water equivalent Soil moisture Precipitation Sea surface temperature Sea surface Wind vector Sea ice concentration 34

79. Conclusions JPSS Mission will provide: Input Observations for Weather Forecast Models CrIS, ATMS, VIIRS, OMPS & GCOM Short term Environmental Observations (Events) VIIRS, OMPS, CrIS, ATMS & GCOM Long term Environmental Observations (Climate Change Detection) CERES, TSIS, VIIRS, OMPS, CrIS, ATMS & GCOM User Engagement is critical for ultimate mission success